Trading house of blacksmiths. Porcelain House on Myasnitskaya

Myasnitskaya, 8- earlier there was a two-story stone house with outbuildings, which belonged to Prince P.I. Tyufyakin.

In 1830, it was bought by professor of Moscow University M.P. Pogodin. He decided to buy after he lived in the house opposite for a year. On the mezzanine, Pogodin arranged an office, from the windows of which "there were views of several miles around." Apparently, in the absence of a TV circumstance is important. Now it is hard to imagine that the professor would buy a house in the center of Moscow.

A three-story house with Mercury at 8 Myasnitskaya Street was built in 1899-1903. designed by Fyodor Shekhtel. The corner of the house is made in the form of three faces, the planes of which are occupied by windows. The façade is enlivened by numerous cartouches and winged masks of Mercury, the god of commerce. By the way, there is another house with Mercury nearby. The customer was Matvey Kuznetsov. He bought this property back in 1893. The first floor was occupied by the shop of porcelain and faience "M.S. Kuznetsov's Partnership". The board and offices were located on the second and third floors. In the 1930s The house has grown over two floors.

After the death of his father in 1911, his sons, hereditary honorary citizens Mikhail, Nikolai, Sergey, Alexander and Georgy Matveyevich Kuznetsov, became the owners and directors of Kuznetsov Trade House. The eldest son, Mikhail Kuznetsov, became the owner of the house. He also owned the neighboring house.

porcelain house

After the coup of 1917, the property of the "porcelain kings" was nationalized. The house became the property of the Supreme Council of the National Economy. After the war, the outerwear departments of the store were opened in the building " Child's world", located nearby, on the first floor of the house on Myasnitskaya, 6.

When in 1957 "Children's World" left for the newly rebuilt building on Lubyanka Square, the store trading house Kuznetsova once again became a specialized tableware store. In the people it was called "porcelain shop".

At the same time, the extreme right entrance of the house was the entrance to the Central Notary Office No. 1. By the mid-1960s. she was equipped the latest technology. They even made photocopies of documents! True, because of the queues, it took a whole day.

In the late 1990s a long overhaul at home. The notary's office left for Bobrov Lane, 6. A few years later, a shop selling porcelain, crystal and silverware was reopened here. It became known as "Glediz". The administration of the "Glediz" store proudly says about itself: "We have been trading here for over 100 years!"

For many, this is simply the House of Porcelain.

At the address st. Myasnitskaya, d. 8/2 is located BC "Myasnitskaya, 8", leasing class B offices.

Myasnitskaya, 8. House of porcelain

For the last hundred years, when asking any native Muscovite where you can buy high-quality porcelain, you will invariably receive the same answer: on Myasnitskaya. Because it is there, in the house number 8/2, that the porcelain house, founded by the famous Kuznetsov family of merchants, is still located.

The real successor of family porcelain traditions was the owner of the house No. 8/2 Matvey Kuznetsov. He founded the shop that still exists today. However, the house had rich story and to Kuznetsov.

From the Zybins to Pogodin

The first known owner of the house and the plot at the current Myasnitskaya Street, 8/2 is the Zybin family. Archival documents date their purchase of land to build a house on this site in 1725.

In 1790, a new owner appeared at the property - Prince Pyotr Ivanovich Tyufyakin, a real chamberlain and director of the Imperial Theaters. Prince Tyufyakin was engaged, in particular, in the construction of the Catherine Palace in Moscow. It was under him that a part of the yard was assigned to the then replanned Myasnitskaya Street, because of which even the corner of the house had to be demolished.

The two-storey stone house with the existing two outbuildings was not damaged during the Moscow fire in 1812. Then its cost was estimated at 55 thousand rubles.

In 1813, the "English Club" was opened in it, then transferred to Tverskaya.

Since 1815, the Frenchwoman Pernet, who organized a women's boarding house within these walls, has become a tenant of the house. The institution existed within these walls for 10 years. And the boarding house was founded in 1806 by Mrs. Gibel.

In April 1830, Prince Tyufyakin decides to sell the property at 8/2 Myasnitskaya Street, and the writer and historian, professor at Moscow University Mikhail Pogodin becomes the new owner. He lived next door in Bolshoi Zlatoustinskiy Lane and learned through the owner of the confectionery Yurtsevsky that Prince Tyufyakin intended to sell the house. Pogodin buys it for 30 thousand rubles.

Here is what Pogodin wrote on April 29, 1830 to the poet and literary critic Shevyrev: “Congratulate me on your housewarming, my dearest Stepan Petrovich! I have bought a house and have already completely moved into it and sorted it out, and now I am writing to you from the high Parnassus, from which there are views of several miles around. Come - the office is a miracle for you. “I don’t know how I can manage this speculation?” That's the problem. The house is in a great place (of Prince Tyufyakin, where the Perne boarding house was), on the arrow of four streets (two parts of Myasnitskaya, Zlatoustensky and Lubyansky lanes), large, stone, with faithful tenants. My friend Yurtsovsky, a confectioner and lover of literature, pointed it out to me. I immediately approached the prince who lives in Paris, and he, not receiving any income from bad management, agreed, through the Novosiltsovs, to give it to me for 31,000 rubles, while in the house of fireproof material: stone, earth and iron more than this amount.

On the mezzanine, Pogodin arranged an office, from the windows of which "there were views of several miles around." Alexander Pushkin was also present at the housewarming party. By that time, according to Pushkinists, Pushkin's poem "Housewarming", addressed to Pogodin, dates back. At the beginning of the next year, the poet presented Pogodin with a copy of Boris Godunov.

AT different years Pogodin was visited by Nikolai Gogol, Mikhail Shchepkin, and Sergei Aksakov. However, this is not surprising. Literally opposite was the estate of Chertkov. And the guests easily moved from the fun to the hospitable Pogodin's house to continue the noisy feast or discussion of the next literary work, whose reading took place within the walls of a neighboring estate.

In 1834, the property was first sold to the major general, the famous poetess and translator Ekaterina Bakhmeteva (nee Svinina), and then the second lieutenant Natalya Ivanovna Novoseltseva became the owner. In the 1870s, the Society of Lacemakers met in the house.

Recently arranged by Mrs. Novosiltseva in Moscow, the Society of Lacemakers; the purpose of the Society is to deliver earnings to poor women; now the Society already has many orders; works are so good that Mrs. Novosiltseva decided to send samples of them to London exhibition and give lace the name point de Moscou, in the genus of the well-known point d'Alencon, point de Venise. You should apply with requirements to Moscow, to Myasnitskaya, to the Novosiltsevs' house. Members of the "Society of Lacemakers" invite all ladies living in the provinces where women are engaged in lace, to take part in the distribution of their products and send samples of lace to Moscow. The Moscow Society will endeavor to deliver orders; that the requirements for the products offered by the Society soon earned attention, the proof is that orders are made to the Society even from abroad. We can only express sincere sympathy for the Society, which has appeared as a new answer to the many requests for earnings made by Russian women from the middle class of society ...

Many famous people lived in the house at the intersection of Myasnitskaya and Zlatoustinsky Lane.

In 1873, the family of the teacher Alexander Chugaev settled here. Here the future outstanding chemist Lev Chugaev was born soon.

In the same year, Nikolai Aleksandrovich Stepanov, a famous cartoonist, moved here. Together with the then-famous poet Kurochkin, they published a satirical magazine called Iskra. Artists Konstantin Trutovsky and Evgraf Sorokin, populist writer Alexander Levitov, Uspensky brothers visited the artist

Firsanovs

In 1879, the property at 8/2 Myasnitskaya Street was redeemed by the merchant Ivan Grigoryevich Firsanov, who a year later gave this plot to his daughter Vera Ivanovna (in her first marriage - Voronina, and in the second - Gonetskaya), a well-known philanthropist, the future owner of the Sandunovsky baths, Serednikov near Moscow, associated with the youth of the poet Mikhail Lermontov, and the Petrovsky (then Firsanovsky) passage. Under her rule, the house was rebuilt in 1885 by the leading architects of Russian Art Nouveau Lev Kekushev and Sergey Shutsman.

In the house in the 1890s there was the board and office of the Moscow Association of Rubber Manufactory, whose director was I. S. Ossovetsky, a merchant, a specialist in the field of technical chemistry, a student of Mendeleev, who compiled a manual on painting. The zoological shop of K. F. Schutz located here was also very famous.

In 1893, the first Russian woman entrepreneur, Vera Firsanova-Gonetskaya, transferred the house to Matvey Sidorovich Kuznetsov, an industrialist and entrepreneur, a porcelain magnate.

Porcelain House on Myasnitskaya

In 1894, in the house already owned by Kuznetsov, a store was opened for another of our old acquaintances, a well-known tea and coffee merchant, Vasily Perlov. It was he who later built one of the most famous and unusual buildings on Myasnitskaya at No. 19 - a tea house.

So, in 1898, Matvey Sidorovich Kuznetsov demolishes the old buildings and orders a project for a new building from the architect Fyodor Shekhtel, in which he then opens a store selling products from his factories, the so-called "Porcelain Store" on Myasnitskaya. The board and offices were located on the second and third floors. The construction took five years. Shekhtel also builds other buildings related to house number 8, for example, warehouses and a canteen for employees.

At the end of the century, Shekhtel used as an accentuated element of tectonics arched window openings several stories high, huge glazed planes intersected vertically by support posts. This was done by him in two business buildings - in trading house Kuznetsov partnerships on Myasnitskaya and in the Arshinov Trading House in Kitay-Gorod.

The corner of the famous building is built in the form of three faces, occupied by wide windows and shop windows. The facade is decorated with numerous cartouches, as well as masks of the god Mercury, the patron of trade. After that, they began to call it “the house with mercury”.

In 1913, the building at Myasnitskaya 8/2, from the side of Zlatoustinsky Lane, grows with a third floor. The author of the project was the Moscow architect Fedor Ganeshin.

The wing of the building along Bolshoi Zlatoustinskiy Lane in 1913 was built up to three floors according to the project of the architect F.A. Ganeshina. The building is decorated in Art Nouveau style and decorated with masks in the form of girl's heads.

In addition to selling porcelain, the store often hosted exhibitions that featured works by famous artists such as Konstantin Makovsky and representatives of the Blue Rose association of symbolist artists.

After the death of the "porcelain king", the eldest son, Mikhail Kuznetsov, became the owner of the house. At that time he was one of the directors of his father's "Association of Porcelain and Faience Production". Mikhail Matveyevich also owned the neighboring house. Here he lived and worked.

Return of the legend

After the revolution of 1917, only the Riga factory remained in the ownership of the Kuznetsov family. In 1940, when Soviet power came to the Baltics, the Kuznetsovs remained in their own factory as ordinary employees. During the German occupation, the Kuznetsovs left the Baltic states for the West.

Since October 1917, the ownership of the Kuznetsovs on Myasnitskaya passed to the Supreme Economic Council. For some time the house housed a syndicate of the silicate industry, as well as the United Club of the III International.

In the thirties of the twentieth century, after reconstruction, two floors were added to the former House of Porcelain on Myasnitskaya.

In the 1930s The house has grown by two more floors.

After the war, outerwear departments of the Detsky Mir store were opened in the building, located nearby, on the first floor of the house at Myasnitskaya, 6.

When in 1957 "Children's World" moved to a newly rebuilt building on Lubyanskaya Square, the store of the Kuznetsov trading house again became a specialized tableware store. In the people it was called "porcelain shop".

In the late 1990s began a long overhaul of the house. A few years later, a shop selling porcelain, crystal and silverware was reopened here. It became known as "Glediz". The administration of the "Glediz" store proudly says about itself: "We have been trading here for over 100 years!" as well as under the former owner - Matvey Kuznetsov.

« Porcelain King" Kuznetsov

The great-grandfather of Matvey Kuznetsov was Yakov Vasilyevich Kuznetsov, who founded porcelain production in the Gzhel region in 1812. The son of Yakov Vasilyevich, Terenty Yakovlevich Kuznetsov, continued the dynasty of Russian industrialists. He, in turn, had three sons Sidor, Anisim and Emelyan. Sidor Terentyevich founded the Riga porcelain and faience factory in 1841, which, after his death in 1872, passed to his son Matvey Sidorovich.

Matvei Sidorovich Kuznetsov (1846-1911) graduated from the Commercial School in Riga, where he worked at his father's factory from the age of 15 to study factory business. After the death of his father, from 1864 he managed the affairs of the company - until the age of majority (1867) under the guardianship of three sons-in-law, then independently. In 1870, he acquired a plant in the village of Kuznetsovo, Korchevo district (now Konakovo), where they began to produce a variety of tea and tableware from porcelain and faience, facing plates, sanitary utensils, and enameled church iconostases.

In 1887, Kuznetsov founded a factory in the village of Budy, Kharkov district, where faience and porcelain dishes were made; two years later, the M.S. Kuznetsov Partnership for the Production of Porcelain and Faience Products with a fixed capital of 3 million rubles. In 1891, the partnership acquired the Gardner factory in Verbilki, a year later a porcelain factory was founded in Slavyansk, Izyumsky district, which produced faience.

In 1894, a factory in the village of Pesochnaya, Yaroslavl province, became the property of the partnership. And in 1898, Kuznetsov acquired a factory in the village of Pesochnoye, Kaluga province, from the "crystal kings" Maltsovs.

The city estate of the Kuznetsovs was located on 1st Meshchanskaya Street (now Prospekt Mira).

The Kuznetsov Porcelain Manufacturers' Estate on Prospekt Mira
“Urban estate of E.A. Zarina - N.S. Dolgorukova - N.V. Kuznetsova, con. 18th century - early XX century: - Residential building 1793-1795, 1893, 1898, architects F.O. Shekhtel, I.S. Kuznetsov, V.G. Ivanov, sculptor S.T. Konenkov.The new history of the estate begins from the time it was acquired by the family of Matvey Sidorovich Kuznetsov in 1874.

By the beginning of the 20th century, the partnership included seven large factories equipped with the latest European technology. The volume of production was almost 2/3 of the total in Russia, where at that time there were already 47 porcelain enterprises. In 1889, the "Partnership" (which included eight serious ceramic enterprises) was the largest on the continent.

Kuznetsovsky porcelain was sold not only within Russia, but also in Persia, Romania, Turkey, and Afghanistan. This is due to the fact that a significant part of the products of the Kuznetsov Partnership was "oriental goods", focused on Asian countries. These were bowls, dishes for pilaf, hookahs. Three main motifs were observed in the products: “Chinese printing” (covering patterns in red, yellow and green colors), “Kazhgar printing” (solid printed decor applied to the product on a colored background, and hand painted) and "Chinese" (plot pictures with images of the Chinese).

In 1902, Kuznetsov was awarded the title of Supplier of the Court of His Imperial Majesty. The Board of the Partnership was located in Moscow (Myasnitskaya street, 8/2). For services to the Fatherland, he was awarded the Orders of St. Stanislav and Vladimir of two degrees, St. Anna, the Bukhara Star, the French Cavalry Cross and the Legion of Honor.

In 1903, the fixed capital of the partnership was 3.9 million rubles, and after 10 years it was increased to 5 million, the balance was almost 19 million rubles. The total number of workers at the enterprises reached 12.5 thousand people. At the All-Russian industrial exhibitions in Moscow (1872) and Nizhny Novgorod(1896) for high quality products, the company was awarded the right to depict the state emblem, on international exhibitions in Paris (1889, 1890) she was awarded gold medals, at international exhibitions in Reims (1903) and Liege (1905) - the Grand Prix.

At his expense, 5 hospitals, 5 schools, maternity hospitals were built, several canteens were opened for the poor. He built 3 churches, 2 prayer houses, including a house church in his mansion on 1st Meshchanskaya Street. For some time he was the chairman of the community of the Rogozhsky cemetery, where he was buried.

Trading House “Partnerships of M.S. Kuznetsov" on Myasnitskaya street, No. 8/2 (1898–1903)

In 1893, Matvei Sidorovich Kuznetsov bought a site with buildings at the intersection of Myasnitskaya Street and Bolshoi Zlatoustinskiy Lane from the owner Vera Ivanovna Firsanova-Ganetskaya (a familiar name!) for the construction of his trading house.

According to the project of Franz Schechtel - one can already say the favorite architect of the Kuznetsovs - in 1898 a three-story building was erected, the emphasis in which was placed on the corner - or rather, a trihedron, with huge windows, two stories high, and below with large shop windows. The facade was decorated with cartouches with masks of Mercury, the god of trade. The entire first floor was occupied by the shop of the M.S. Kuznetsov, on the second and third floors were the board and offices.

Trading House M.S. Kuznetsova. Photo by O. Lyovkin

The building from the side of Zlatoustinsky Lane in 1913 was built on with two floors according to the project of the architect F.A. Ganeshina.

In 1914, the eldest son of Matvey Kuznetsov Mikhail, who worked and lived here, became the owner of the house.

In addition to the trade in porcelain and faience products, art exhibitions were often held in the halls of the store, in particular, Konstantin Makovsky and the Blue Rose association, which included artists P. Kuznetsov, N. Sapunov, S. Sudeikin, N. Krymov, M. Saryan, sculptor A. Matveev and others.

After October 1917, ownership passed to the Supreme Council of the National Economy (VSNKh). For some time, the syndicate of the silicate industry was located here, as well as the United Club of the III International.

In the 30s of the XX century, after reconstruction, two more floors were added to the house. At that time, they did not even think about the careful preservation of cultural heritage. Although ... now, too, not always.

After the war, in the former “headquarters” of the “porcelain empire of the Kuznetsovs”, a large dishware store, well known to Muscovites, was opened.

Currently, there is a Glediz store selling high-quality porcelain, earthenware and glassware.

The life of the building continues in continuity!

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