Greetings, dear friends! For everyone who wants to make friends with risk assessment and management of their levels, and for those who are already in the subject, I suggest that you familiarize yourself with the working material shared by our colleague and subscriber Ekaterina Zvyagina. So do not forget to put rating stars at the end of this note and say merci or constructively indicate comments and suggestions in the comments.

We identify hazards and manage the level of risk in the organization

Katya not only gave an example of hazard identification and risk management, but also provided the documents with an explanatory message. I quote:

Hello colleagues!

I want to note right away that this standard is an internal local document of our organization, but on its basis, you can develop something of your own, simplify somewhere (there is nowhere to complicate it)), and put this procedure into effect at your enterprise )). Since there are a lot of you, I am sending the developed evaluation card for a sample.

So, there are two ways to carry out this procedure - simple and more accurate and correct:

Simple - we determine the production processes that your employee is required to perform during working hours (from the instructions), take instructions for the types of work and profession (which are included in the initial briefing program at the workplace) and write out dangerous and harmful factors that await the employee from there at his workplace (except for the factors already indicated in the SOUT) - this is our "Danger", each factor is divided by the possible consequences in the event of a "Danger" - this is our "Hazardous Event", and then we describe the consequences.

Based on the identification card data, an action plan is subsequently developed to eliminate high risks and reduce the level of medium and low risks.

The second way - you need to decide on the production processes i.e. starting from the moment when the employee’s foot crossed the threshold of your enterprise (well, or the transport on which you deliver this employee to the place of work) and ending with the same only in the opposite direction)) and sort out step by step where he walks and what he does (movement on slippery surfaces, being close to rotating and moving mechanisms) in general, everything that can lie in wait for him, wherever he is and whatever he does during working hours. And then everything is as described in the first option.

We introduce employees against signature and live in peace, as we informed them of all the dangers and risks and mitigation measures.))

I hope this information is useful to you.

Please write to me in the comments about your impressions and thoughts on this matter, if it doesn’t make it difficult)

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A set of working papers on hazard identification and risk management

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To compare risk and economic benefits, many experts propose to introduce a specific monetary value of a human life. This approach raises objections among a certain circle of people who argue that human life is sacred and financial transactions are unacceptable.

However, in practice, the need for such an assessment inevitably arises precisely for the sake of people's safety. The question is put like this: “How much money should be spent to save human life? According to foreign data, human life is estimated from 650 thousand to 7 million US dollars.

It should be noted that the procedure for determining the risk is very approximate.

There are 4 methodological approaches to risk determination:

engineering, based on mathematical statistics, probabilistic safety analysis, building a hazard tree;

mathematical modeling, based on the construction of models of the impact of harmful factors on humans;

expert– the probability of various events is determined on the basis of a survey of experienced specialists, i.e. experts;

sociological- a survey of all employees at the enterprise and the most thorough questioning of those employed in this labor process.

These methods reflect different aspects of professional risks, so they must be used in combination.

10.3. Acceptable (acceptable) risk

In 1990, the first World Congress on Business Safety was held in Cologne (Germany) under the motto "Life in Safety". Experts from different countries in their reports on security issues used the concept of "risk", based on the wording: "Risk - the frequency of occurrence of hazards", i.e. risk - quantitative assessment of danger. Hazards are phenomena that cause undesirable consequences.

In accordance with the law "On technical regulation", the federal law of the Russian Federation No. 184-FZ, dated December 21, 2002 (Article 2). Risk is the probability of causing harm to the life or health of citizens, taking into account the severity of this harm.

Hazards are characterized by such signs as destruction, breakdowns of machines, mechanisms, equipment, buildings, structures. Hazards pose a threat to human life and health. Danger can be represented as an event, using the formulation of the "Probability Theory".

An event (or “chance event”) is any fact that, as a result of “experience”, may or may not occur.

The probability of an event is a numerical measure of the degree of objective possibility of this event.

The probability of an event A is denoted by P(A), where A is an event, P is the probability of an event.

Events are certain and impossible. Certain event U, which will definitely happen Р(U) = 1.

Impossible event V that cannot happen Р(V) = 0.

The probability of any event occurring is 0 < P(A) < 1, it is determined by the formula P(A) = m/n, where n is the total number of cases, m is the number of cases favorable to event A.

Risk - R at event A, R (A) \u003d 0 - absolute safety.

Absolute security is not always achievable economically.

Spheres of manifestation of dangers: household, sports, road transport, industrial, military, etc.

For example, let's determine the risk (probability) of a fatal accident at work, based on the fact that 75 million people are employed in the production sector in Russia, 8 thousand people died:

R cm \u003d n / N \u003d 0.8 10 4 / 10 7 \u003d 1.1 10 -4,

where n is the number of people who died as a result of industrial injuries and accidents; N is the number of employees in production.

Let us determine the risk (probability) of death of a resident of Russia, based on what died at work, in traffic accidents, died from domestic injuries, died in a fire, poisoned, etc. n = 350 thousand people, the number of Russian citizens of all ages N = 150 million people:

R cm \u003d 35 10 4 / 15 10 7 \u003d 2.3 10 -3.

As an example, consider foreign data characterizing individual risk. The probabilistic assessment of individual risk is calculated on the basis of statistical data relating to the entire population of the United States of America (US statistical compendium, table 10.2).

Table 10.2

Individual risk of fatal outcome per year due to various causes (according to the USA)

Name
Automobile transport
Fire and burn
Drowning
Poisoning
Firearms
Machine equipment
Water transport
Air Transport
falling objects
Electricity
Railway
All others
General Risk
Nuclear energy (per 100 reactors)

Risk analysis consists of risk assessment, risk management and risk information. Risk assessment includes hazard identification, exposure assessment and risk characterization.

Risk management - making decisions and actions aimed at ensuring the safety and health of workers.

Information about the risk is communicated to employers, employees and other interested parties in compliance with the Russian Federation conditions and ethical standards.

Assessment steps occupational risk

Stage 1 - hygienic assessment and establishment of a class of working conditions according to the criteria R2.2.2006-05.05, appendix 3

Stage 2 - analysis of regulatory and technical documentation for equipment, technological processes, materials, etc.,

analysis of literature on working conditions of this professional group; Attraction of available materials: clinical-physiological, laboratory, experimental, etc. accounting of data from examinations, studies, investigations.

According to these data, the risk is assessed in category 1B (estimated).

Stage 3 - analysis of occupational morbidity.

Stage 4 - analysis of the results of periodic medical examinations.

Stage 5 - analysis of morbidity with temporary disability, disability, mortality, etc.

Stage 6 - verification of the class of working conditions determined at stage 1, taking into account the data obtained at stages 2-5

Stage 7 - calculation of the index of occupational diseases.

Stage 8 - ranking the data obtained by disability, mortality, and other indicators.

Stage 9 - calculations of relative risk RR;

Step 10 - risk assessment and determination of risk evidence category.

The initial data for determining "professional risk" are the results of:

state sanitary and epidemiological supervision;

sanitary and epidemiological assessment production equipment and industrial products;

Occupational risk assessment is carried out for individual professional groups(workers of workshops, sections, etc. with similar conditions labor), its result is a group risk assessment.

When conducting an individual assessment of occupational risk (taking into account gender, age, length of service, individual risk factors, bad habits, etc.), the results obtained should be considered personal medical data protected by law (Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Calculations of the maximum accumulated seasonal, rotational and other exposures (loads), incl. and allowable length of service, should be considered as indicative for the assessment of collective risk.

When conducting an occupational risk assessment, measures should be taken to protect confidential information, the disclosure of which could harm the employer (in the group risk assessment) or the employee (in the individual risk assessment).

The criteria for harmless working conditions is the preservation of:

1. health,

   functional abilities of the body

   life expectancy,

   health of future generations.

The quality of life and health is ensured by a set of indicators.

Acute and chronic occupational diseases (poisoning) possible loss of life during acute exposure (for example, death from heat stroke, sudden death as a result of stressful physical and neuro-emotional overload), loss of functions (for example, smell when exposed to irritants, hearing acuity when exposed to noise), termination of pregnancy in a dangerous incident, the birth of a child with congenital malformations when parents work with reproductive toxicants, etc.

When assessing the PR, occupational diseases, infectious diseases, injuries are subject to mandatory accounting.

The following criteria are used to evaluate PR:

hygienic (preliminary) according to R 2.2.2006-05;

medical and biological indicators of workers' health, incl. reproductive and offspring health;

the severity of health disorders of workers;

the degree of association of health disorders with work on epidemiological data.

Table 10.3

Classes of working conditions, occupational risk categories Timing of preventive measures

Class of working conditions***		Urgency of risk mitigation measures
Optimal-1	No risk	No action required
Valid-2	Negligible (tolerable) risk	No action required, but vulnerable individuals need additional protection*
Harmful-3.1	Small (moderate) risk	Risk Mitigation Required
Harmful-3.2	Medium (substantial) risk	Risk mitigation measures required in a timely manner
Harmful-3.3	High (intolerant) risk	Urgent mitigation action required
Harmful-3.4	Very high (tolerable) risk	Work must not be started or continued until the risk has been reduced.
Dangerous (extreme)	Ultra-high risk and risk to life inherent in this profession	Work should be carried out only in accordance with special regulations**
Note * Vulnerable groups of workers include minors, pregnant women, nursing mothers, and disabled people (Labor Code of the Russian Federation). **Departmental, industry or professional work regulations with monitoring of the functional state of the employee's body before or during the shift. *** Class of working conditions in accordance with the categories of Appendix 3.

A reliable quantitative assessment of PR is legitimate in the presence of materials from sanitary and epidemiological studies, conclusions, data from epidemiological studies, clinical, physiological, clinical laboratory research, as well as data from instrumental measurements of working environment factors with an assessment according to hygienic criteria R 2.2.2006–05.

Limited observations in humans or, in the absence of such data, data from experimental studies in laboratory animals may be used as a guideline.

Based on the complex of these data, the weight of the evidence is determined.

The results of the assessment of PR are divided into the following categories of evidence of risk:

category 1A(proven occupational risk) - based on the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions according to the criteria of the guide R 2.2.2006–05, materials from periodic medical examinations, physiological, laboratory and experimental studies, as well as epidemiological data;

category 1B (estimated occupational risk) – based on the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions according to the criteria of the guide R 2.2.2006-05, supplemented by individual clinical and physiological, laboratory, experimental data (including literature data);

When establishing the risk based on the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions, it is necessary to analyze occupational morbidity, data from periodic medical examinations, disability, non-survival, mortality and other socially significant indicators of the health of workers, including reproductive health, as well as the health of their offspring according to specially developed programs .

Document's name:	Guidance on occupational health risk assessment for workers. Organizational and methodological foundations, principles and evaluation criteria. 2.2. Occupational health
Document Number:	2.2.1766-03
Type of document:	R (Manual)
Host body:	Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation
Status:	current
Published:	Bulletin of regulatory and methodological documents of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision, N 2, June, 2004
Acceptance date:	June 24, 2003
Effective start date:	November 01, 2003

Guidance on occupational health risk assessment for workers. Organizational and methodological foundations, principles and evaluation criteria. 2.2. Occupational health

2.2. OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE

Management
on the assessment of occupational risk to the health of employees.
Organizational and methodological foundations, principles and evaluation criteria

Guidelines
on occupational risk assessment for workers" health.
Organizational and methodological aspects, principles and criteria

Introduction date 2003-11-01

1. DEVELOPED by the State Institution Research Institute of Occupational Medicine of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (head of development N.F. Izmerov, responsible executors E.I. Denisov, N.N. Molodkina, V.V. Subbotin).

2. APPROVED by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor, First Deputy Minister of Health of the Russian Federation G.G. Onishchenko on June 24, 2003

3. INTRODUCED FOR THE FIRST TIME.


The Constitution and the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, federal laws "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population", "On the basics of labor protection in the Russian Federation" and "On compulsory social insurance against industrial accidents and occupational diseases" are aimed at protecting the health of workers.

The document sets out the organizational and methodological foundations, principles and criteria for assessing occupational risk. It is intended for occupational health doctors of the centers of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision as a guide in assessing the risk of harm to the health of workers from exposure to hazardous factors in the working environment and workload in order to justify preventive measures.

1. Purpose and scope

1.1. This guide is aimed at the practical implementation of the Federal Law of March 30, 1999 N 52-FZ "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population" (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1999, 14, art. 1650), the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 24, 2000 N 554 "On approval of the Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service of the Russian Federation and the Regulations on the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Rationing" (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2000, N 31, Art. 3295).

1.2. The management determines the sanitary and epidemiological requirements when conducting an occupational risk assessment (hereinafter - PR). It takes into account the documents of the UN, WHO and ILO. The structure of the occupational risk assessment system is given in Appendix 2.

1.3. The assessment of the PR is carried out in the implementation of state sanitary and epidemiological supervision, production control, social and hygienic monitoring (hereinafter referred to as SGM), as well as in solving other tasks, the purpose of which is to preserve and strengthen the health of workers, as well as their social protection.

1.4. The result of the PR assessment is a quantitative assessment of the degree of risk of damage to the health of workers from the action of harmful and dangerous factors of the working environment and workload in terms of the likelihood of health disorders, taking into account their severity. These data are the rationale for making managerial decisions to limit the risk and optimize the working conditions of employees.

1.5. The document is intended for specialists of the centers of state sanitary and epidemiological surveillance (hereinafter - TsGSEN). Specialists of the Central State Sanitary and Epidemiological Service, research organizations and centers of occupational medicine have the right to assess the PR.

1.6. In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the employer is obliged to ensure the safety of employees and inform them about the existing risk of damage to health in the workplace. The employee has the right to receive reliable information about the existing risk of damage to health, as well as refuse to perform work in the event of a danger to his life and health.

2. Organization and conduct of occupational risk assessment

2.1. Risk analysis consists of risk assessment, risk management and risk information. Risk assessment includes hazard identification, exposure assessment and risk characterization.

Risk management - making decisions and actions aimed at ensuring the safety and health of workers.

Information about the risk is communicated to employers, employees and other interested parties in compliance with the conditions and ethical standards established by the legislation of the Russian Federation.

The stages of occupational risk assessment are given in Appendix 3.

2.2. The initial data for evaluating the PR are the results of:

- production control carried out in accordance with SP 1.1.1058-01;

- state sanitary and epidemiological supervision;

- sanitary and epidemiological assessment of production equipment and industrial products;

- attestation of workplaces (hereinafter referred to as AWP), carried out in accordance with the "Regulations on the procedure for attestation of workplaces in terms of working conditions", approved by the Decree of the Ministry of Labor of Russia N 12 of March 14, 1997

Note. GOST R 12.0.006-02 imposes on the organization the obligation to register accidents, occupational diseases, incidents and other evidence of insufficient effectiveness of the labor protection management system. Monitoring and recording of data on the health of workers exposed to certain hazards should be provided (clause 6.1.2). Accidents, incidents and accidents are registered as events that pose a threat to life and health (clauses 5.4.2 and 5.4.3). This data can be used to link health problems to work.

2.3. The assessment of PR is carried out for individual professional groups (workers of shops, sections, etc. with similar working conditions), its result is an assessment of group risk.

When conducting an individual assessment of the PR (taking into account gender, age, length of service, individual risk factors, bad habits, etc.), the results obtained should be considered personal medical data protected by law (section 13 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

Note. Individual risk is calculated with the consent of the employee, it is not used to resolve employment issues this employee or other purposes directed against his social welfare. These results should not be used to select the most suitable individuals, create or enhance social inequality employees and not disclose their personal data. At the same time, according to the recommendations of the ILO, do not use polygraphic lie detectors, methods of astrology, graphology, etc.; genetic screening should be prohibited or limited to cases permitted by law.

2.4. Calculations of the maximum accumulated length of service (seasonal, rotational, etc.) exposures (loads) and allowable length of service should be considered as indicative for assessing the collective risk.

2.5. When conducting a PR assessment, measures should be taken to protect confidential information, the disclosure of which could harm the employer (in the group risk assessment) or the employee (in the individual risk assessment).

3. Evaluation criteria

3.1. The criteria for harmless working conditions is the preservation of:

a) life

b) health,

c) the functional abilities of the body,

d) life expectancy

e) the health of future generations.

The quality of life and health is ensured by a set of these indicators, because in addition to acute and chronic occupational diseases (poisoning), loss of life is possible during acute exposure (for example, death from heat stroke, sudden death as a result of stressful physical and neuro-emotional overload), loss of functions (for example, smell under the action of irritants, social hearing during exposure to noise), termination of pregnancy in a dangerous incident, the birth of a child with congenital malformations when parents work with reproductive toxicants, etc.

Note. According to the WHO recommendation, when assessing health, the components of psychosocial well-being should be taken into account: satisfaction with work, family, income and health.

3.2. When assessing the PR, occupational diseases, infectious diseases, and injuries are subject to mandatory accounting.

3.3. The following criteria are used to evaluate PR:

- hygienic (preliminary) according to R 2.2.755-99;

- risk categorization by classes of working conditions (Table 1 Appendix 1);

- medical and biological indicators of workers' health, incl. reproductive and health of offspring (Table 2, Appendix 1);

- severity of health disorders of workers (clause 3.8);

- risk categorization according to the degree of proof (clause 3.5);

- the degree of connection of health disorders with work on epidemiological data (Table 3, Appendix 1).

Notes.

1. Evaluation scales for individual health indicators of workers will be developed additionally.

2. When assessing the severity of health disorders and damage, it is recommended to apply the codification and the system of the International Classification of Functioning, Disabilities and Health - ICF.

3.4. A reliable quantitative assessment of PR is legitimate if there are materials from sanitary and epidemiological studies, conclusions, data from epidemiological studies, clinical and physiological, clinical laboratory studies, as well as data from instrumental measurements of working environment factors assessed according to hygienic criteria R 2.2.755-99.

Limited observations in humans or, in the absence of such data, data from experimental studies in laboratory animals may be used as a guideline.

Based on the complex of these data, the weight of the evidence is determined.

Note. Lack of sufficient data should not preclude the adoption of proportionate preventive measures. In particular, the ALARA principle is applied - as low as reasonably achievable.

3.5. The results of the evaluation of the PR in terms of the weight of evidence (according to the UN criteria) are divided into the following categories of evidence of risk:

category 1A (proven occupational risk) - based on the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions according to the criteria of the guide R 2.2.755-99, materials from periodic medical examinations, physiological, laboratory and experimental studies, as well as epidemiological data;

category 1B (estimated occupational risk) - based on the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions according to the criteria of the guide R 2.2.755-99, supplemented by individual clinical, physiological, laboratory, experimental data (including literature data);

category 2 (suspected occupational risk) - based on the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions according to the criteria of the guide R 2.2.755-99.

3.6. When establishing the risk based on the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions, an analysis of occupational morbidity, data from periodic medical examinations, an in-depth study of MTD, disability, short life, mortality and other socially significant indicators of the health of workers, incl. reproductive, as well as the health of their offspring according to specially developed programs.

Recommended biomedical indicators for assessing PR, depending on the results of the hygienic assessment, are given in Table 2, Appendix 1.

3.7. Categorization of PR according to Table 1 Appendix 1 is carried out preliminary according to the classes of working conditions (according to the results of a hygienic assessment of working conditions) and finally according to socially significant indicators of the health of workers selected according to Table 2 Appendix 1.

Note. In Table 1, Appendix 1, the classes of working conditions and categories of PR are based on the values ​​of the occupational morbidity index of IPD on its scale from 0 to 1. The following values ​​of medical and biological indicators correspond to the boundary between classes of harmful and extreme working conditions 3.4 and 4:

a) general somatic diseases and mutagenic disorders - relative risk over 5;

b) aging acceleration and short life - 10 years or more;

c) the risk of professionally caused mortality - over 7.

3.8. When assessing the severity of health disorders, one should be guided by the order of the Ministry of Health of Russia dated August 17, 1999 N 322, according to which industrial accidents are divided into two categories: severe and mild. Qualifying signs are the nature of the injuries received and the complications associated with them, as well as the aggravation of existing and the development of chronic diseases; the duration of the health disorder and the consequences of the injuries received. Signs of a serious accident are also injuries that threaten the life of the victim. They also include:

- long-term health disorder with temporary disability (60 days or more);

- permanent disability (disability);

- loss of professional ability to work 20% or more.

Note. The degree of loss of professional ability to work is determined according to the "Rules for establishing the degree of loss of professional ability to work as a result of accidents at work and occupational diseases" (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation N 789 of October 16, 2000).

4. Exposure assessment and risk characterization

4.1. Hazard and risk assessment includes 3 stages.

4.1.1. The first stage is an inspection of the workplace to identify:

- hazardous and harmful factors of the working environment that are present or may arise, including the organization of work;

- types of work in which workers may be exposed to identified hazards, including equipment maintenance, cleaning and emergency work.

4.1.2. Second phase:

- collection of information on hazardous and harmful factors to determine the degree of risk and possible protective measures;

- assessment of the exposure of workers by the level of the factor and the time of its action and its comparison with the standards.

4.1.3. The third stage is an assessment of the possibility of eliminating the hazard or reducing it to the minimum acceptable level or to a level that, in the light of current knowledge, will not lead to health problems with exposure duration throughout the entire working experience.

4.2. There are two stages in exposure assessment:

- testing and measurement;

- determination of exposure (by measurement or calculation) and risk assessment.

The first stage requires engineering and technical competence with appropriate metrological support, and the second - hygienic competence, so it must be performed by specialists with a certificate in occupational health.

Note. It is recommended to involve engineering, technical and scientific workers (chemists, physicists, biologists, ecologists, etc.) in the assessment of the PR, as well as to use international chemical safety cards, hazard sheets by profession, computer databases and data banks, mathematical programs and other modern technologies. .
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Occupational risk management is a set of interrelated activities that are elements of the labor protection management system and include measures to identify, assess and reduce the levels of occupational risks.

Occupational Risk is the probability of causing harm to health as a result of exposure to harmful and (or) dangerous production factors in the performance of duties by the employee employment contract or in other cases established by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, other federal laws.

The purpose of occupational risk management is to ensure the safety and health of the employee in the process labor activity.

The assessment and management of occupational risks is an integral part of the organization's labor protection management system, aimed at the formation and maintenance of preventive measures to optimize hazards and risks, including the prevention of accidents, injuries and occupational diseases.

Elements of the occupational risk management system:

I. Occupational risk management policy, goals and programs to achieve them

II. Planning work on occupational risk management

III. Occupational Risk Management System Procedures

IV. Monitoring the functioning of the occupational risk management system

V. Analysis of the functioning of the occupational risk management system

Requirements for the elements of the occupational risk management system:

1. Requirements for occupational risk management policy, goals and programs

The occupational risk management policy should:

• Correspond to the types of activities, the nature and extent of the risks of the employer in the field of safe conditions labor and health of workers.
• Include commitments to prevent injury and ill health of workers, and to continuously improve the Occupational Hazard Management System (OHMS).
• Include obligations to ensure compliance with applicable legislative and other regulatory requirements applicable to the employer, related to existing hazards arising from the activities and affecting the provision of safe working conditions and the health of workers.
• Reviewed regularly to ensure continued compliance with changing conditions, documented and kept up to date.
• Be accessible to all employees, including employees of contractors, and be in easily accessible places to familiarize themselves with it.

The employer's occupational risk management policy should be part of the occupational safety policy.

The employer must set goals in the field of ensuring safe working conditions and health for the relevant types of activities and organizational structure, ensure their achievement and updating. When setting goals, the employer must take into account its technological, financial, production capabilities, as well as assessed risks.

The employer must develop, implement and maintain up to date Programs to achieve occupational risk management goals. them to ensure safe working conditions and the health of workers.

Occupational risk management programs should include:

• Establishing responsibility and authority to achieve goals between individual professionals and managers.
• Technological, financial and production means to achieve the goals set and the time limits when these goals are to be achieved.

The goals and programs of the occupational risk management system should be explained to employees at the appropriate levels, including during training, counseling, etc. The employer must regularly review the implementation of programs at the appropriate levels, and, if necessary, take measures to correct them.

2. Requirements for planning the implementation of an occupational risk management system

The employer must plan activities for the formation and implementation of an occupational risk management system. Planning should be based on the results of the analysis background information, which is prepared at the level of the employer and at the level of its departments.

Planning should include an analysis of the following key inputs:

• Data for organizational structure, headcount, types of activities of the organization, work performed at the workplace, data on the production process and equipment.
• The results of the analysis of industrial injuries.
• The results of the analysis of occupational diseases.
• Results of preliminary and periodic medical examinations.
• Results of previous risk mitigation activities.

The employer must appoint an official responsible for the occupational risk management system and give him the responsibilities and rights necessary for its functioning and keeping it up to date. The person responsible for the occupational risk management system must submit to the employer a report on the functioning of the system in order to analyze its functioning and use it as a basis for improving the system.

The employer must appoint officials responsible for conducting hazard identification and risk assessment at the employer's workplaces, and ensure the creation of groups (teams) for hazard identification and risk assessment.

The employer must appoint officials responsible for conducting an internal audit of the occupational risk management system in the organization and ensure the creation of a group of specialists to conduct internal audits on an ongoing basis and prepare objective information for the employer in order to analyze the occupational risk management system by the employer.

The employer must establish the responsibilities of all officials who have responsibility for risk management in structural divisions, as well as in work areas, taking into account legislative, regulatory and other requirements applicable to the organization.

The employer must establish the duties of the official responsible for organizing and conducting monitoring of the health status of employees, as part of periodic medical examinations (surveys), to assess the health status of employees to detect and identify deviations from the norm.

The employer, if necessary, creates a management body (coordinating council, etc.), which ensures the analysis of the functioning of the occupational risk management system and the development of informed management decisions.

3. Requirements for the organization and implementation of a professional risk management system

As part of the organization and implementation of the occupational risk management system, the employer is responsible for ensuring the functioning of all necessary procedures.

The employer must ensure that the following procedures are in place:

• Education and training of personnel.
• Hazard identification and occupational risk assessment.
• Occupational risk management.
• Documentation of the occupational risk management system.
• Informing workers and their participation.
• Emergency preparedness and response.

4. Requirements for monitoring the functioning of the occupational risk management system

The employer must ensure control over the functioning of the occupational risk management system through the implementation of monitoring procedures and internal audit of the system.

Monitoring should include the following main components:

• Monitoring of working conditions and assessment of occupational risks.
• Monitoring (investigation) of accidents, deterioration in the health of workers, diseases, occupational diseases.
• Monitoring discrepancies in the field of ensuring safe working conditions and health of workers.
• Monitoring programs to achieve goals in the field of ensuring safe working conditions and health of workers.
• Monitor worker rehabilitation programs and financial costs associated with harm to worker health and safety.

Internal audits (checks) of the occupational risk management system are aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the occupational risk management system as a whole. Internal audit(verification) should be carried out in accordance with the Audit Program and audit criteria.

If you have a question, who in Tyumen and the Tyumen region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, YNAO selects the methodology and assesses the occupational risks of employees, please contact the Tyumen Interregional Center for Labor Protection, which conducts this assessment.

To date, the assessment of occupational risks as an integral part of the labor protection management system is compulsory event for organizations, regardless of ownership and organizational legal forms. Having studied Article 212 of the Labor Code, the employer understands that the creation of a labor protection management system is included in the list of his duties, that is, it is necessary to have a documented regulation on the labor protection management system (hereinafter referred to as the OSHMS) in his organization, developed on the basis of model provision on the labor protection management system and approved by the employer.

The absence of a documented OSMS by any of the employers is a violation of labor protection requirements contained in federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation. Penalty for violation provided for by Art. 5.27.1 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation - warning or imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount of 2,000 to 5,000 rubles; on the individual entrepreneurs, - from 2,000 to 5,000 rubles; at legal persons - from 50,000 to 80,000 rubles, for repeated violation- imposition of an administrative fine on officials in the amount of 30,000 to 40,000 rubles. or disqualification for a period of 1 to 3 years; for individual entrepreneurs - from 30,000 to 40,000 rubles. or administrative suspension of activities for up to 90 days; on the legal entities- from 100,000 to 200,000 rubles. or administrative suspension of activities for up to 90 days.

The purpose of assessing the level of occupational risks is to ensure the safety and preservation of the health of an employee in the course of work, since there is a possibility of an employee getting an occupational disease or injury at the workplace.

Don't be confused special assessment working conditions (hereinafter referred to as SAUT) with an assessment of the level of occupational risks of employees. SOUT is carried out at a specific workplace, and when assessing the risks, the hazards to which the employee is exposed during all his activities are identified.

In accordance with Article 209 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation and Article 3 federal law No. 125-FZ establishes two main indicators of occupational risk: the occurrence of an occupational disease as a result of exposure to HFPS (harmful and (or) dangerous factors of the working environment) and injury in an accident associated with production.

ANO "Tyumen Interregional Center for Labor Protection", being an expert in the field of labor protection (since 2005), have developed their own unique methodology for assessing occupational risks and are successfully implementing it in organizations with simultaneous training of specialists and subsequent support for the entire period of work with it.

After assessing professional risks with ANO "TMCOT", you get:

• a list of potential hazards (identification of hazards) present in the organization during the work process;
• determination of the severity of damage and the likelihood of its occurrence;
• determination of the magnitude of risks (risk assessment);
• classification of risks by significance;
• a list of occupational risk management measures necessary to ensure the safety and health of employees.

Thus, the identification, analysis and assessment of professional risks on industrial enterprises and organizations various kinds activities. Professional risk includes two types of assessments: the severity of damage and the likelihood of its occurrence.

By reassessing occupational risks after mitigation measures, one can analyze their effectiveness.

What is the relationship between the occupational risk management system and the labor protection management system? Let's reason sequentially. Thus, Article 209 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation defines the concept of "SMS" and further refers to the Model Regulations on the labor protection management system. Specified in Labor Code The Model Provision was approved by the Order of the Ministry of Labor No. 438 dated August 19, 2016 (hereinafter referred to as the Model Provision) and is mandatory for organizations of any organizational and legal forms, forms of ownership, and also regardless of the type of activity and the number of employees. Paragraph 29 of the Model Regulation clarifies that professional risk management is part of the OSHMS and the employer is required to organize occupational risk management.

Where to start managing professional risks, what methodology to use in assessing and managing occupational risks in labor protection, where to find a list of methods for assessing the levels of occupational risks in an enterprise, what are the criteria for assessing occupational risks, the frequency of assessing occupational risks, what is the procedure for assessing the level of occupational risk and by whom is it installed?

We will receive answers to these questions by referring to paragraph 33 of the Model Provision. Occupational risk management consists of the following activities (the procedure for analyzing and assessing the level of occupational risk):

a) identification of hazards;

b) assessment of the level of professional risks;

c) reducing the levels of professional risks.

By contacting ANO "TMCOT" you get an analysis and quantification professional risks, consisting of the following stages:

No. 1 Introductory (training),

#2 Drawing up a list of hazards by inspecting workplaces, communicating - interviewing employees and observing the progress of the work process, together with a specialist in the OT service, a representative of the employer,

No. 3 Detailed study of the duties of employees and timing observations (if any),

No. 4 Hazard identification,

No. 5 Risk assessment, classification of risks by significance (categories),

#6 Identification of moderate and high risks,

#7 Drawing up a risk management plan.

The occupational risk assessment system is a rather lengthy and painstaking process, as well as constant. Experts of ANO "TMCOT" conduct an assessment of professional risks with simultaneous training of specialists of organizations, which gives you the opportunity in the future to independently, having a package of documents on risk assessment, manage professional risks and adjust their assessment in case of changes in the organization in order to save the life and health of employees. In other words, you receive guidance on occupational risk assessment.

The introduction of an occupational risk management system helps to reduce the number of accidents and occupational diseases to zero and, as a result, the costs (time, money, mental) associated with them, and reduces the number of inspections by regulatory authorities that depend directly on risk categories assigned to the organization in accordance with the "Criteria for Classifying the Activities of Legal Entities and Individual Entrepreneurs Being Employers as a Certain Risk Category", which is an Appendix to the Regulations on Federal State Supervision of Compliance with Labor Legislation and Other Regulatory Legal Acts Containing Norms labor law, approved Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of September 1, 2012 No. 875 (Additionally included from March 1, 2017 by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of February 16, 2017 N 197).