An electronic digital signature is an analogue of a handwritten signature applied to an electronic document. The introduction and use of electronic document management systems in organizations of any form of ownership entails the need to use EDS to guarantee the authenticity of the transmitted data.
What is an ECP?
EDS is a parameter of an electronic document that has a digital representation. EDS is applicable only in the context of electronic data interchange and can have the same legal value as a handwritten signature on a paper document, if conditions are met that guarantee the authenticity and validity of the signed documents. The legal force of the EDS is legislated by the Federal Law No. 1 of January 10, 2002 and the Federal Law No. 63 of April 6, 2011, as amended on June 28, 2014.
Both Federal Laws on Electronic Digital Signature regulate the mechanisms for the use of electronic signatures when making transactions within the framework of civil law relations, the functioning of state and municipal services.
Significance of EDS
EDS provides a digital analogue of a signature and seal associated with the content of a signed document and used in the organization of electronic data exchange to confirm the authenticity of sent and received documents.
The functioning of the EDS allows:
- increase the security and confidentiality of electronic document management, protect the document from forgery;
- to give electronic data the legal force equivalent to paper documents with a signature and seal;
- optimize workflow processes by simplifying and reducing the cost of processing and storing documents;
- use single signature electronic auction, upon delivery different types reporting to state and tax authorities, when approving and working with financial documents;
- guarantee the authenticity of electronic documentation;
- ensure agreement with international systems workflow.
Scope of EDS
In any area where data exchange is regulated by information technologies:
- interior electronic document turnover between divisions of one organization, as well as branches;
- document flow in interorganizational systems of B2B and B2C class;
- access to specialized information resources, for example, systems of the "Client-bank" class;
- transfer of tax and financial statements to the tax authorities;
- reporting to the Pension Fund;
- transfer of customs declarations;
- participation in electronic auctions.
How does the ECP work?
The functional use of the EDS allows you to sign an electronic document, check the signature of the owner for authenticity, and the content of the signed electronic document for changes after signing.
Signing and authentication are based on encryption and decryption keys. The sender, using special software and a key, generates a sequence of characters that becomes part of the data being sent. The recipient uses the same software and decryption key to decrypt the received data and perform a series of checks. If the checks were successful, then the received data is identical to the sent data, i.e. not changed after signing. The sequence of characters generated in this process is the electronic digital signature.
To forge such a digital signature would require either stealing the sender's encryption key, or spending many years going through key options until a suitable one is found.
How and where to get an EDS?
So, let's look at the question of where to get an EDS for an individual and a legal entity. face. Certificates EDS keys is manufactured and issued by a specialized organization - a certification center (CA). The functions of the CA also include user registration, cancellation, renewal and termination of key certificates. UC provides the necessary technical support EDS work. To obtain an EDS, a participant in electronic document management must contact any authorized certification center.
The current list of authorized CAs is available on the website of the unified EDS portal in Russia.
The procedure for obtaining an electronic digital signature
The procedure for obtaining an EDS involves the following steps:
- fill out an application form on the website of the selected certification center or leave an application by the specified phone number and wait for a connection with a specialist - the method depends on the specific CA;
- collect all the documents necessary for issuing an ES certificate and send copies to the CA. The CA, on the basis of the completed application form and a set of documents, prepares an ES certificate;
- obtain an EDS certificate by providing original documents.
The terms for producing key certificates depend on the certification authority, but on average they are 3-5 days.
What documents are needed to obtain an EDS?
A digital signature can be obtained by both a legal entity, regardless of the organization of the form of ownership, and individual entrepreneur. Individuals can also obtain an EDS (for example, to participate in electronic trading).
An electronic digital signature certificate contains information about the owner of the signature, so only the person in whose name this certificate is issued can request and receive an EDS. In other cases, it is necessary to provide a power of attorney for the right to issue and receive an EDS, certified by a notary. The authorized representative, in whose name the power of attorney is issued, provides a passport of the Russian Federation and copies of the 2nd, 3rd pages and the registration page.
Package of documents of a legal entity
- A copy of the registration certificate certified by a notary.
- Original or certified copy of the extract from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities. The statute of limitations for an extract must be no more than 30 days;
- Application for the issuance of an EDS (the application form depends on the CA).
- A copy of the order on appointment to the position of the head, if the EDS certificate is made in his name, with the signature and seal of the organization.
If the authority to manage the organization is transferred to another management company or manager, then all the documents listed in paragraphs. 1-3 relating to the management company.
In addition, it is necessary to attach a notarized copy of the decision of the board of directors on the transfer of powers, if the form of ownership is OJSC or CJSC. If the form of ownership of the organization is LLC, then copies of the first and second sheets of the charter certified by a notary, a sheet indicating the possibility of transferring control to a third-party organization and a sheet with a mark of the tax authority are provided.
How to get an EDS for an individual entrepreneur: a package of necessary documents
- A copy and original of an extract from the USRIP, the limitation period of which is no more than 30 days from the date of issue.
- A copy of the TIN certificate, certified by a notary.
- Copy of certificate of state registration IP certified by a notary.
- Application for the issuance of an EDS.
What documents are needed to obtain an EDS for individuals?
- Copy of TIN certificate.
- Copies of the 2nd, 3rd pages of the Russian passport and the registration page. The passport of the Russian Federation must be provided when submitting a package of documents.
- Application for the issuance of an EDS.
The procedure for obtaining and applying an electronic digital signature is simplified as the legal culture in this area develops and information technologies improve. Electronic document management using EDS no longer causes mistrust both on the part of business partners and on the part of state and tax authorities.
Questions, where to get an electronic digital signature, what is the scope of its use, become a forced necessity if the business goes international.
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An electronic signature (ES) is not a new phenomenon for our country, but not familiar to everyone. Many people do not have a clear understanding of why and why to pay money for a similar product. Moreover, the cost of EP confuses. It depends on the range of services provided and varies on average. from 3 to 10 thousand rubles, although the upper bound can be increased many times over. So why do we need EP and how is its price formed?
What is an electronic signature (ES)
EP is legally regulated federal law"On the electronic signature" of 04/06/2011 No. 63-FZ. According to which the ES must be unique, indicate a specific person and be protected from copying. In fact, ES is the result of document processing by special programs with encryption elements.
Types of ES
According to Article 5 of the Federal Law No. 63-FZ, there are 2 main types of signature:
- Simple. Carries information about the signer using simple codes and passwords.
- Reinforced. It is divided into 2 main types.
- Unskilled. To form such a signature, a cryptographic algorithm with a key (a unique combination of characters) is used. The character sequence is generated by the program from the source document. This allows you to determine whether changes have been made to the signed document.
- qualified. It differs from an unqualified signature in that it is issued only in specially accredited centers licensed by the FSB.
To work on most sites, participation in the auction requires an enhanced qualified signature. 
Application area
The opportunities acquired with the receipt of an EP are quite large. Thanks to it, you can save time in numerous queues and do paperwork without leaving your home.
- Access to all services on the gosuslugi.ru portal. Without an electronic signature, work on this site will be limited to an appointment with specialists. With it, it will be possible to apply for a foreign passport, citizenship, visa or registration. You can file a tax return or register vehicle, apply for a pension, allowance, benefits.
- Organization of freelancing, signing labor and other contracts. In the case of remote work, the presence of an ES gives legal force to the signed documents, ensuring the safety of both parties.
- Participation in electronic trading on various platforms. Individuals have the right to participate in bidding, inquiries and auctions. Most often, this is the sale of bankrupt property, tenders for the performance of any work and procurement competitions (state and commercial).
- Registration of a legal entity or individual entrepreneur.
- Registration of patents.
- Submission of an application for admission to the university.
- Electronic document management (letters, appeals to official representations). Documents signed by ES have the status of official and legally significant. Representatives government agencies required to respond to such requests.
- Copyright protection against the threat of plagiarism. In the case of copying and using documents signed with an electronic signature, the fact of plagiarism is established in 100% of cases.
According to the legislation, the EP has full legal force. Therefore, its use guarantees the observance of the rights of the owner.
How to receive
EP, regardless of type, is issued for a period of 12 months, then it must be reissued. To obtain an EP, you will need the following package of documents:
- Application for the production of EP.
- Certificate of registration with the tax authority (TIN).
- Applicant's passport.
- SNILS of the applicant.
To obtain a simple ES, it is enough to contact any center that provides such services, where, after acquiring an electronic media, a simple ES will be recorded on it. The cost of the media depends on its type and is about 500-1000 rubles. Release time - within 30 minutes.
You can get an enhanced qualified ES at a specialized center accredited by the FSB. The term for issuing such an EP is 1-2 working days.
The price of EP is formed from the cost:
- Electronic media (from 900 rubles to 2.5 thousand)
- Software (from 650 rubles to 1.5 thousand)
- Signing key certificate. Its cost depends on what resources are accessed along with it. Depending on the specifics of the activity, access to certain sites or accreditation on electronic trading floors(ETP). The easiest option to access public information systems will cost 1.5 thousand rubles and more. Accreditation at the ETP will cost more than 2 thousand per site. You can buy access to the ETP association - from 3.5 thousand and more.
Total, enhanced qualified ES will cost an average of 3,000 rubles. For access to the ETP association, you will have to pay from 5,000 rubles. Each center sets its own prices for services, which may vary slightly from each other. In addition, you can use additional services for accelerated issuance (about 2,500), certificate maintenance (1,500), duplicate ES issuance (2,000) and others.
List additional services, as well as the possibilities of the ES certificate can be very wide. Therefore, when purchasing an EP, it is necessary to understand for what purposes it is planned to use it. This will save you from unnecessary expenses and overpayments.
An electronic signature (ES or EDS) is currently often used on the website of the State Service. It helps to sign any digital documents and is mainly used to get more online services. In our country, every citizen can receive electronic signature for the State Service portal. After the user issues an ES, more opportunities will be available to him when using electronic services and services hosted on the gosuslugi.ru online portal. Through a single portal, you can significantly speed up the receipt of public services, because. no need to bring extra paperwork state organizations. Citizens can apply for a service using a single portal at any time convenient for them, as well as monitor the status of a decision by the department directly on the website.
How can I get an EDS for public services
Every citizen can receive an electronic signature for public services absolutely free of charge. The user must pay only for the flash drive, as a rule, its cost does not exceed 500 rubles.
The service is provided when a citizen visits a certification center (CA), where you can directly obtain an electronic signature key for the State Service portal. A complete list of CA addresses can be found on the websites of the State Services (e-trust.gosuslugi.ru/CA) or the Russian Ministry of Communications (minsvyaz.ru/ru/activity/govservices/certification_authority/). After the flash drive has been received, it will be possible to use those services on the portal that were previously not available and required identification using a signature.
What you need to do to get an EP
To create an electronic signature for public services, you need to perform the following steps:
- Fill out an application for a personal ES on the website of the certification center you have chosen and indicate the phone number and mail for communication.
- The specialist of the center takes the application to work, contacts the future owner of the signature and sends the list of documents to the e-mail address indicated in the application. Phys. persons must bring an application for the issuance of a signature, their own, and. Legal entities upon receipt of the ES must provide an application, a certificate of state registration. IP registration, TIN, passport, SNILS and an extract from the USRIP. Sometimes you may need additional documents. In any case, the final list of necessary documentation for each citizen will be sent in a letter to the mailbox Email which was specified in the application.
- After providing the requested documents, the electronic signature is made in 1 day.
Types of electronic signature
On the this moment it is possible to obtain one of three types of electronic signature for public services: simple, unqualified or qualified (abbreviated as PEP, NEP or KEP).
A simple ES is used to certify authorship and when maintaining documentation in organizations. It does not give the documentation legal force and does not guarantee that there will be no changes in the papers after signing. The most relevant is the use of PES to enter the State Services portal.
The NEP acknowledges the authorship of the papers and guarantees that the content will not be changed. An unqualified ES is used for the circulation of documents within the company and for the exchange of documents between other companies with which an agreement has been established and the rules for using this signature have been determined. To create it, cryptoprotection is required to ensure data security.
A qualified ES has all the advantages of an unqualified one, but it can only be obtained at an accredited CA. CEP is used during the submission of reports to government organizations and for participation in online auctions. CEP certifies cryptoprotection tools federal Service RF security (for example, CryptoPro CSP). Accordingly, such an ES is a valid analogue of a live signature.
Checking the validity of the ES through the State Services
On the website of the State Service, verification of an electronic signature is carried out by checking the accuracy of the root (self-signed) certificate, which is included in the list of accredited CAs and in the list of trusted CAs of the Ministry of Communications of the Russian Federation. You can also check the EDS on the website of the State Service by verifying the correctness of the certificate received from an accredited CA.
In the "Select a certificate to verify" column, you need to specify the document whose ES validity must be confirmed, and select the "Check" button. Next, details of the reconciliation result will be displayed.
Electronic signature for individuals and legal entities
An individual is registered in personal account website of the State Service with the help of CEP. The correct certificate of this signature includes the full name of the owner and the SNILS number.
Legal entities for receiving public services are also registered with the help of CEP. In the certificate, the owner indicates an employee who can perform actions on behalf of this legal entity. The full name of the citizen, SNILS, full name of the legal entity, address and PSRN (main state registration number) must be indicated.
The validity period of the ES key may be different, but usually the certificate is valid for 1 year.
What can EP be used for?
Citizens who own an electronic signature can use it for the following purposes:
- Apply for a grant public services through the Internet;
- Take an active part in community initiatives;
- Fully enjoy online services;
- Send documents to higher educational institutions upon admission;
- Individuals can apply for loans online in an accelerated mode;
- Get expert accreditation;
- Send documents for registration of IP;
- Individuals with individual entrepreneurs can take part in supplies for government agencies;
- Send documents in order to obtain a patent.
How to use a digital signature
In order to use the EP, you need:
- Install a cryptographic information protection tool (CIPF) on your computer or laptop;
- Install the program for a closed flash drive (eToken, ruToken);
- Install the user's ES certificate;
- Install the certificate of the selected CA.
Usually, the use of EP does not cause difficulties and does not require special knowledge.
Important! Do not forget to timely check the validity period of the EDS through the State Services. If a notification appears that you are using an invalid electronic signature tool, you must definitely renew the certificate.
Conclusion
By applying an electronic signature on the State Services portal, the user is personally responsible for the correct use and is obliged to control the protection of keys from third parties. If there is even the slightest chance of violating the confidentiality of the signature, the ES user must immediately visit the CA in which the certificate was issued.
At the moment, the Gosuslugi portal has minor shortcomings regarding the ES, which are currently being preventive work: not all organizations are ready to work on new program workflow, not every user of the system has complete information about the benefits of using ES. The creators of the Gosuslugi portal are interested in making its use as convenient as possible for individuals and legal entities Therefore, they make every possible effort in this direction.
To obtain an electronic digital signature, as you know, you need to contact a certification center that has the right to issue enhanced qualified EDS. In total, there are several CAs in Moscow that produce and issue electronic signatures according to the same scheme, since this process is strictly regulated. However, the prices and the range of services included in the cost of the EDS differ.
The average cost of an electronic signature for individuals
In Moscow today you can easily order an electronic digital signature. Moreover, the cost of this important and useful tool relatively low: the average price varies within 3,500 rubles.
As you can see, the cost of an EDS in the capital is quite democratic. In addition, a signature for individuals is currently issued for 15 months, and not for a year (as is the case with legal entities). Thus, you can freely use the electronic key for more than a year without significant costs.
It should be understood, however, that the price of an EDS seriously depends on a number of factors, and may change in accordance with them.
What factors affect the cost of a signature for individuals:
- the scope of the electronic signature (one or more areas that interest you);
- urgency of production (from several hours to several days);
- completeness (only production or additional delivery, installation, maintenance of EDS).
Comparing the prices of different digital signatures
So, the first factor that determines the cost of a signature is the scope of the tool. The wider the possibilities of using EDS, the higher the cost. And vice versa, you can buy an electronic signature for one specific area of work quite cheaply.
What are the areas of application?
- public services portal;
- access to the tax service;
- access to the service of the patent service;
- exchange of electronic documents;
- participation in electronic platforms bankruptcy, etc.
The fact is that each of these areas requires a certain type of signing certificate. That is, this certificate contains encrypted data that meets the requirements of a particular service.
There are multifunctional and universal EDS kits - those in the certificate of which data of various services and systems are entered (public services, auctions, document flow, for example). Such a signature opens up more possibilities, but it also costs more, since the process of its production is more laborious.
Urgency and range of services
The cost of an electronic signature may also depend on the urgency of production, as well as on the number of additional services provided by the certification center. Urgent EDS issuance is possible within a few hours, and many CAs offer this service for an additional fee.
The price may also increase if the certification center charges for the delivery of the digital signature, installation and configuration software on the customer's computer. However, by contacting our CA, you will avoid such expenses, since we offer a full range of additional services (including express user training) free of charge - with us you pay only for the production of a signature certificate.
EDS for individualsappeared relatively recently and is not yet as popular as in business. What is an EDS for individuals, what opportunities it gives, where to go to get it - all this will be discussed in this article.
Digital signature - what is it?
The procedure for using an EDS when signing documents is regulated by the Law "On Electronic Signature" No. 63-FZ of 04/06/2011. An electronic signature is an analogue of a natural person's signature, which has the following properties:
- is unique;
- copy protected;
- indicates the person who signed the document.
From a technical point of view, the digital signature is formed by encrypting the information contained in the document and is a unique sequence of characters. It is either in the body of the signed file or attached to it. That is, the external expression of an electronic signature has nothing to do with a handwritten signature. Despite the fact that the purpose of the signature of both types is the same - the authentication of the document.
The law names 3 types of electronic signature:
- simple - serves to confirm that the document comes from a specific person;
- reinforced unqualified - not only indicates the person who put it, but also confirms that after it was put down, no changes were made to the document;
- enhanced qualified - has the characteristics of an unqualified EDS, but is issued only in specialized centers accredited by the Ministry of Communications.
We have selected excellent electronic reporting services for you!
It is a qualified signature, according to the law, that gives the document full legal force (that is, it fully replaces the handwritten signature, as well as the seal of the organization). It is required, for example, when submitting electronic reporting to the IFTS, PFR and other government agencies. Other types of EDS can be used in economic relations if the agreement between the parties provides for their use.
Why do individuals need an EDS?
Today, electronic digital signature is used to a greater extent in the work of legal entities. Its use is especially relevant for organizations that have a large number of divisions or enter into transactions with counterparties located at a considerable distance from them. However, with the transition of many types of activities to the virtual space, citizens often also need to obtain an EDS.
Don't know your rights?
We list the main areas in which the EDS is useful for individuals:
- Obtaining public services via the Internet. Possession of an EDS will allow you to fully use the services of the state portal. services (for example, track traffic police sanctions, fill out a passport application form, send a declaration to the Federal Tax Service, etc.).
- Applying for university admission. Every year more and more educational institutions introduces the practice of accepting applications from non-resident applicants, certified with an electronic signature.
- AT in electronic format You can submit an application to the tax authority, as well as documents for opening a legal entity. person or IP.
- The use of EDS allows you to formalize documents (for example, a contract for the performance of work) for individuals working at home and receiving orders via the Internet.
- When using an electronic signature, it will become possible to participate in electronic auctions (they often sell the property of enterprises declared bankrupt).
- It is possible to file an application for a patent for an invention in electronic form.
How and where to get a digital signature?
In order to obtain an EDS, you need to contact an institution called a certification center. A list of accredited centers and their addresses can be found on the website of the Ministry of Communications. These institutions exist in almost all major cities.
Although speaking technically correctly, the center does not issue the signature itself, but software to create it. With the help of these tools, the owner gets the opportunity to sign each electronic document with a unique digital signature (See . How to install an EDS on a computer and sign a document (Word, pdf)?).
To use the signature, 2 keys are issued: private (secret) and public. They represent encoded information of a certain volume. The private key is used to sign the document, and the public key is used to verify the signature (its owner provides this key to recipients of emails). The rights of the owner of the public key are confirmed by a certificate issued by a certification authority.
When applying for an EDS, a citizen will need a package of documents, the specific list of which may vary depending on the certification center. The following papers are most often required:
- an application for the issuance of an EDS;
- certificate of assignment of TIN;
- the passport;
- pension certificate (SNILS);
- document on payment for services of the center.
Most centers can apply online. As a rule, the process of making an electronic signature takes no more than a few days.
