Communications engineer- a specialist responsible for the operation of radio equipment and communications. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in physics, mathematics and drawing (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).
At present, the level of development of radio engineering and telecommunications indicates a high human need for information and communication. To find out about some event or news, it is enough to turn on the TV, radio or the Internet. Therefore, the profession of a communications engineer is becoming especially relevant. The concept of "communication" is extensive and includes local networks and the Internet, telephone and cellular communications, satellite dishes, PBX, IP telephony.
The profession of a communications engineer is no less complex and responsible than other professions in the field of "Engineers, technologists, masters". After all, a communications engineer must know perfectly not only the theory of his work, but also be an excellent practitioner. In the same time Information Systems are constantly changing, and to remain a valuable specialist, you need to constantly improve yourself.
Responsibilities of a Communications Engineer include:
- obtaining documentation permitting work to be carried out on a specific site;
- carrying out activities to prepare the working area and working materials;
- laying cable equipment (Internet, telephone and local networks), connecting stations, substations, users;
- testing, tuning and repair, troubleshooting work;
- monitoring the operation of radio technical support and communications;
- monitoring the organization's compliance with safety regulations and radio communication procedures, as well as the development of labor protection instructions;
- development normative materials, which establishes the timing of preventive examinations.
Required professional skills and knowledge
- knowledge of the features of network and telecommunication technologies: OSI, E1, OKS No. 7, EDSS, Internetworking, etc.;
- the ability to build ultra-reliable networks (STP, HSRP) and protective networks (VLAN, Firewalls, IPS, VPN);
- the ability to configure equipment, find sources of problems and eliminate them;
- experience in system administration of heterogeneous network equipment;
- knowledge in English(technical);
- Experience in designing GSM, Wi-Fi, VoIP systems;
- ability to build multiservice telecommunication networks;
- knowledge of the TCP / IP protocol stack, routing protocols, audio and video conferencing systems;
- knowledge of standards in the field of audio and video conferencing;
- knowledge of norms and standards project documentation applied in the industry;
- Knowledge of the paperwork approval process in regulatory organizations.
Personal qualities
- responsibility;
- attentiveness;
- accuracy;
- scrupulousness;
- ability to offer innovative solutions.
Place of work
- telecommunications firms;
- companies providing Internet services, cellular communications;
- integrating companies.
Salary and career
The most promising jobs for young professionals are large telecommunications companies, Internet providers and operators cellular communication. If you are just starting your career, join a large-scale project and gain experience in a good team.
Career prospects: senior engineer, chief engineer and, at the top, the owner of his own telecommunications company.
Communication engineer salary depends on experience and location. As a rule, the salary starts from 25,000 rubles.
I GENERAL PROVISIONS
This manual has been compiled on the basis of:
- Regulations on the development of job descriptions and a handbook qualification characteristics workers;
Regulations on the service of dispatching and technological management.
1. 1 Knowledge of this manual is mandatory for the engineer of the radio communication group, engineer of the 1st category, head and deputy. head of the SDTU service.
1.2 A person who has higher education in a specialty with a communication, radio engineering bias or secondary special education.
1. 3 The group engineer is appointed and dismissed by the order of the director of the enterprise on the proposal of the head of the SDTU service.
1.4 The Group Engineer reports to:
- SDTU electricians -1 person;
1. 5. The service engineer is directly subordinate to the 1st category engineer, chief and deputy.
head of the service.
1. 6. The engineer is re-certified for compliance with the position held in attestation commission enterprises once every three years.
1. 7. Workplace the engineer of the radio communication group is located in the radio communication laboratory
sl. SDTU on PS ***
.
1. 8. The main task of the engineer of the radio communication group is to ensure the reliable operation of radio communication equipment, dispatcher tape recorders.
2. QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS.
2. 1. Higher technical or secondary technical education in a specialty with a communication and radio engineering bias, with the 4th group in electrical safety.
3. SHOULD KNOW:
3. 1 a) PBEE, PPB and PTE rules to the extent specified in Appendix 1. rules for the use and testing of protective equipment, rules internal regulations, instructions for the release of the victim from the action of electric current, as well as the "Regulations on the investigation of accidents";
b) schemes for the passage of radio channels.
c) schemes and principle of operation of the main and reserve sources
power supply of radio stations;
d) measuring instruments (level meter, generator,
frequency meter, pulse width meter, multimeter),
the principle of their work and rules of operation;
e) volume and frequency of preventive maintenance of radio communication equipment;
f) block diagrams of radio communication equipment and power supply and its principle
work;
g) types of means of dispatching and technological control in
power systems and their purpose;
h) fundamentals of Ukrainian legislation on labor, labor protection, fire safety;
i) job descriptions and OT instructions for subordinate personnel;
j) Regulation "The system of labor protection management in
electrical network enterprises
approved 29. 11. 96, GKD-34. 20. 566-96 “Organization of emergency response work in the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine. Regulations UKPO "Energoprocess", Kyiv. 1996
3. 2 The engineer must be guided by:
Regulations on the SDTU service;
- norms process design control rooms
points and nodes SDTU power systems;
- technical documentation of manufacturers for
equipment;
- local operating instructions for the equipment;
- regulations on training, briefing and knowledge testing of employees of enterprises, institutions and organizations of the Ministry of Energy of Ukraine on labor protection and equipment operation;
- safety rules when working with tools and devices;
- rules for the use and testing of protective equipment used in electrical installations;
- decrees, ordinances, oblenergo and higher organizations, methodological, regulatory and other guidance documents and materials for the repair and maintenance radio communication equipment;
4. FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES.
4. 1. Organizes the current operation and repair of radio communication equipment.
4. 2. Makes plans for maintenance checks
equipment and organize their implementation.
4. 3. Draws up an annual schedule for the maintenance of radio communication equipment in accordance with the operating instructions.
4. 4. Maintains the necessary technical documentation, develops
local operating instructions for the equipment.
4. 5. Participates in the development specifications for the projected
and reconstructed communication systems.
4. 6. Participates in the control of the installation of new and capital
repair of existing equipment;
4. 7. Monitors compliance by subordinate personnel with the rules for the safe operation of electrical installations.
4. 8. Organizes the training of newly hired personnel and conducts technical training for the group's personnel.
The radio communication group engineer must:
- take part in the development of measures for the reliability of the operation of dispatching and technological control;
- take part in drafting annual report about the operation of the communication equipment of the radio group;
- take part in a comprehensive survey of dispatching and technological control facilities at the enterprise's facilities, in holding the OT day, on operational duty according to the next. SDTU;
- constantly improve their technical level of knowledge on their own and at refresher courses;
- organize work on the modernization, current operation and repair of radio communication equipment;
- participate in the development and implementation of devices and methods for diagnosing and monitoring the state of radio communication equipment;
5. RIGHTS.
The radio communication group engineer has the right to:
5. 1. Require subordinate personnel to comply with all instructions to ensure high-quality and uninterrupted operation of the assigned equipment.
5. 2. Require subordinate personnel to comply with the rules technical operation equipment, PBEE and PPB rules.
5. 3. Give suggestions to the head of the SDTU service on improving the technical condition and quality of service of radio communication equipment.
5. 4. Require subordinate personnel of the group to provide accurate information about the causes of damage to radio channels and the measures taken.
5. 5. Take part in resolving issues of material and moral incentives for employees of the SDTU service.
6. RELATIONSHIPS
6. 1. The engineer of the radio communication group interacts with the management of the service and subordinate personnel in accordance with the regulation on the service.
6. 2. Receives from the duty personnel of the SDTU service information about the operation of the equipment and the state of the local telephone network.
6. 3. Gives operational information to duty personnel about all changes and switching in radio communication equipment against signature in the log.
6. 4. Disagreements arising in the process of relationships
authorized by the head of the service.
7. RESPONSIBILITY.
The Radio Communications Engineer is responsible for:
1. Fulfillment of duties and full use of the rights provided for by this instruction and current legal acts.
2. Making decisions on issues related to the elimination of damage to radio communication systems.
3. Compliance with the rules of technical operation, labor protection, fire safety rules by an engineer and subordinate personnel.
4. Compliance with labor discipline.
5. Safety of equipment and property assigned to the group.
6. Ensuring state secrets, maintaining the secrecy of telephone conversations.
7. For downtime of radio communication channels in excess of the standard time.
8. For the implementation of the work plan of the radio communication group.
per century modern technologies As radio and landline telephones are used less and less, they have been replaced by cellular communications, the Internet and digital television. Under these conditions, a new and highly demanded profession in Russia is entering the labor market - a communications engineer.
It is a mistake to believe that the profession of "communicator" has not changed with the development of technology. It is no longer enough for people working in this field to simply be able to lay telephone cables, climb poles or monitor the switchboard. A modern communication design engineer must know the basics of design and have an understanding of programming interfaces. Also, he must not only know in theory how to create and maintain telecommunication lines, but also be able to apply all this data in practice.
A bit of history
It is believed that for the first time the profession of "communicator" arose with the widespread opening of telephone exchanges at the end of the 19th century. The people working for them had to ensure the construction of new lines and the smooth operation of the equipment. Not only the profession of a signalman appeared, but also a telephone operator, for which they preferred to recruit young and educated girls.
With the opening of 1888 begins its history wireless connection. This year, a method for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radio waves was invented. Already in 1896 A.S. Popov published an experiment in which the first information was transmitted over a distance of 250 meters, and a few years later the production of the first equipment was launched.
Now the field of communication has a large number of professions, one of which we will consider in more detail.
Profession training
To be able to work in the field of telecommunications, it is necessary to obtain a higher education at the Faculty of Electronic Engineering. Suitable specialties, for example, would be:
- Telecommunications and communication systems.
- Radio communication and broadcasting.
- A television.
Upon admission, one must be prepared to study mathematical disciplines (mathematical analysis, programming, etc.), subjects in the theory of communication (engineering and computer graphics, electronics, etc.). Studying at a university allows you to choose a permanent place of work already in the 4th-5th year, through practical training. As a rule, technical departments in these educational institutions work closely with large communication service companies and send their students there for internships.
Areas of work
Students who are pursuing a degree in communications engineering can easily take advantage of the opportunity to work, for example, in companies providing multimedia services (real-time data transmission, Internet broadcasting or video conferencing), large factories and factories, in the business sector. And of course they will be in demand in communication service companies (such as broadcasting or Internet and cellular service providers). They will also be useful in information technologies and communications.
The opportunities for self-realization are endless for a graduate, as signalmen are found in various sectors of the economy:
- telephone industry.
- Telecommunications.
- Post and telegraph.
- Energy.
- Production and design of household appliances.
- Research and development.
Naturally this list far from complete. It is very difficult to recall a field of activity where modern technologies related to communication have not yet been used. Almost any direction modern life closely related to the reception or transmission of certain information.
General features of the profession
So what does a communications engineer do? IN in general terms responsibilities look like this:
- Installation of linear cable structures and equipment.
- Operation of this equipment and facilities.
- Optimization of the development of communication networks.
In general, the competence of communication engineers includes everything without which communication is impossible - from connecting the Internet and creating local networks, prior to conducting telephone communications and installing various equipment (for example, satellite dishes).
For successful work in this field of activity, it is necessary to possess the following personal qualities:
- Accuracy.
- Patience.
- Mindfulness.
- Creativity.
- Learnability.
The last of these qualities is very important, since the current pace of development of communication technologies requires constant improvement from specialists in this field.
Salary
A cellular engineer in these conditions can count on quite high level wages. Salary is related to the difference in demand for specialists in this field and the availability of communication engineers in the labor market. This allows people with this education to easily select a suitable and well-paid position for themselves. But no one canceled the differentiation wages depending on work experience and region of residence.
So, an engineer can count on a salary in the amount of 25,000 to 30,000 rubles. Employers offer this wage to applicants with higher education and work experience of at least one year. In St. Petersburg, with the same conditions, you can count on payment for work from 22 to 26 thousand rubles. In Kazan, Rostov-on-Don and Chelyabinsk they will offer from 13 to 15 thousand.
A higher salary will be offered subject to two years of work experience and knowledge of Cisco equipment and certain types ATS. You will also need knowledge of the English language, which is required for studying technical documentation. In this case, a communication systems engineer can expect to pay up to 48,000 in Moscow, up to 40,000 in the northern capital, and up to 25,000 in other regions.
If the applicant has more than three years of work experience, and he has certificates of professional conformity, you can apply for a salary in Moscow of about 70,000, in St. Petersburg - 60,000, and in Russia about 35-40 thousand rubles. Experience in working for leadership positions, as well as the ability to create telecommunications networks from scratch.
Career Opportunities
Despite the demand for communication specialists and relatively high wage rates, this specialty cannot be attributed to professions with rapid career growth. In not large companies communication is usually provided by a very limited number of people whose positions are at the same level in the management hierarchy. Therefore, the increase in wages here rather depends on an increase in work experience or advanced training, and not on a change to a higher position.
In large companies with career advancement, everything is much simpler. A huge advantage of working in them is the high possibility career development both in the horizontal and vertical direction.
What do you need to know to be successful in the profession?
Of course, the required skills and abilities depend on the choice of the company and the area where the work is planned, but there is certain knowledge that is necessary in any company.
IN large organizations there is a division according to specializations, and the required skills are entirely dependent on the position held.
As for medium-sized organizations, here the communications engineer must be a generalist, and carry out all the work, if not independently, then within a very limited team. This requires significant skills and abilities from the specialist.
Required skills to work in a small company
Know software used at the station where you plan to work. It would be nice to know a few more different options for programming interfaces.
Be able to find faults on the line, using, for example, a reflectometer. Extend the cable with sleeves. Expand cabinets (places for bringing together telephone cables). Installing equipment and diagnosing damage to this equipment. Good understanding of drawings and diagrams. To be able to use the equipment of ip-networks.
In any case, not only the required skills depend on the place of work, but also what the communications engineer should directly perform. Responsibilities specified in the job description usually consist of planning, developing and installing a telephone network, installing, configuring and maintaining equipment. They also prescribe control over the operation of devices, ensuring the quality of established communication and trouble-free operation of equipment. In addition, the communication engineer's instruction may contain requirements regarding interaction with telecom operators. The topics of negotiations can be: the quality of services provided, the tariffs used, reporting.
Who is suitable for this profession?
It is generally accepted that the profession of a signalman is more suitable for men, however, with the development of modern technologies, representatives of the weaker sex are increasingly choosing this specialty. So, according to a study conducted in 2010, of all job seekers as a communications engineer, 18% were girls. In terms of age range, jobs in the profession of "communications engineer" are more often sought by young people (up to 35 years of age) with a special higher education.
