According to preliminary data, in 2015 Bosch invested in Scientific research and development of about 6.3 billion euros, and has applied for 5422 patents worldwide. Approximately 375,000 employees ensured a record turnover for the company in the 2015 financial year of 70 billion euros.
The Bosch Group comprises Robert Bosch GmbH and approximately 440 subsidiaries and regional companies in approximately 60 countries. Together with sales and service partners, Bosch is present in almost 150 countries.
Encyclopedic YouTube
1 / 4
✪ Robert Bosch GmbH
✪ Nachgefragt bei... Robert Bosch GmbH (Teil 1)
✪ Robert Bosch Campus Recruitment Procedure Academic Criteria
✪ Nachgefragt bei... Robert Bosch GmbH (Teil 2)
Subtitles
Story
1886-1900: Fine mechanics and electrical engineering workshop
Bosch was founded by the German entrepreneur and engineer Robert Bosch (1861-1942) in 1886 under the name "Workshop for Precision Mechanics and Electrical Engineering". The original staff of the firm consisted of one mechanic and one apprentice, and the authorized capital of 10,000 German marks was taken from the father's inheritance.
In the early years of its existence, the workshop was mainly engaged in the manufacture and sale of electrical equipment all types: from telephones to remote water level alarms. Robert Bosch's business boomed in the mid-1890s when electrification began and the company was awarded several contracts to install electrical equipment.
1901-1923: Transformation into an international supplier of automotive parts
In 1887, the Robert Bosch company developed the first magneto ignition system for one of the engineering companies. The basis was taken as an apparatus that generates an electric spark to detonate the air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine. Improved and adapted this system for a high-speed engine, Robert Bosch solved a major problem in the early history of the automotive industry - magneto ignition quickly replaced Daimler's dangerous glow tubes that used an open flame.
In order to independently produce components for the manufacture of magneto ignition systems in 1909, the company's first plant was opened in Feuerbach. The company's automotive range was supplemented by an electric starter (1914), a horn (1921), windshield wipers (1926) and direction indicators (1928).
Bosch also began to offer household appliances: in 1928, an electric hair clipper began to be produced, and in 1933 the first Bosch refrigerator appeared. In 1932, the company took over the production of thermoelectric equipment from Junkers, and in the same year, the Blaupunkt subsidiary launched the first mass-produced car radio in Europe on the market. In 1912-1913. Bosch car headlight was developed.
In the 1920s, Bosch constantly expanded its range of equipment for the automotive industry, producing bicycle lights, batteries, Bosch electric car signals, turn indicators and windshield wipers. A breakthrough was achieved in 1927 with the development of an injection fuel pump for a diesel engine for trucks, and since 1936 for cars.
In the period from 1933 to 1945, the Bosch management had to overcome serious contradictions: on the one hand, the company was involved in the economic structure of the National Socialist regime, on the other hand, Robert Bosch and other company leaders resisted the political regime [ ] . That's why [ ] Robert Bosch in 1937 transformed the company from joint-stock company into society with limited liability to keep the company solely in the hands of family members. After the end of the war in 1945, most Bosch factories lay in ruins as a result of air raids. But Robert Bosch did not see this; he died on March 12, 1942.
1946-1959: Recovery and economic miracle
After 1945, Bosch, despite the extremely difficult situation of the company, managed to achieve success. In the 50s, production was launched in India, Australia and Brazil. In 1952, the Blaupunkt subsidiary produced the first VHF car radio in Europe. In 1951, mass production of mechanical fuel pumps for gasoline engines of passenger cars began.
1960-1989: New lines of business and breakthroughs in electronics
As a result of the acquisition of a number of companies, Bosch has been developing the packaging technology business since 1963. The production lines of pneumatic and hydraulic equipment were subsequently merged into the department of automated technology. The period between 1960 and 1989 began discussions about traffic safety and ecology. Bosch has developed a system electronic control fuel injection for gasoline engines D-Jetronic (1967), the first anti-lock system ABS (serially installed on Mercedes-Benz W116 since 1978), an electronic diesel engine control unit EDC (1986), as well as the Blaupunkt TravelPilot navigation system (1989).
1990-2011: Responses to the challenges of globalization
In the 1990s, the course for innovation continued, entirely in the spirit of the current strategic slogan "Technology for Life". A technological breakthrough and commercial success was the development in 1995 of the ESP electronic stabilization program, the Common Rail injection pump system (1997), the DI-Motronic gasoline direct injection system (2000), driver assistance systems, for example, adaptive cruise control ACC (2000). In 2003, Bosch introduced the Ixo, the first cordless screwdriver with a lithium-ion battery. The first plug-in hybrid vehicles from Bosch were launched on the market in 2010, and the production of lithium-ion batteries began the same year.
The structure of the company
Activities in the CIS
Bosch is the organizer of the international conference of designers All-over-IP Expo 2015 - an annual event that brings together designers and technical specialists from Russia and the CIS countries. |
Bosch Group
Key developments
The company owns a significant number of innovations and technologies that have become a breakthrough in their field.
Automotive parts and accessories:
Power tool:
- 1932 - world's first [ ] electric hammer drill
- 1952 - world's first [ ] electrical insulating material of the body of the power tool
- 1984 - world's first [ ] cordless rotary hammer
- 1990 - introduction of the SDS-max system (instantaneous tool clamping)
- 1992 fastest in the world [ ] in its class, the 2 kg Bosch rotary hammer
- 1994 - the most powerful blow [ ] in its class - rotary hammer GBH 10 DC
- 1997 - world's first [
Robert August Bosch was born on September 23, 1861 in Ahlbeck near Ulm. Robert Bosch's father was a wealthy peasant. He dreamed that his son would become a priest, pharmacist or teacher. But he always loved to craft. It is no coincidence that the company he later founded was called the Fine Mechanics Workshop.
Robert Bosch was not only the inspirer and founder of the famous enterprise, but also one of the pioneers of industrial development. His insistence on the quality of the company's inventions and products has always been aimed at meeting the daily needs and needs of people. Throughout his long life (1861-1942), Bosch professed the primacy of practice over theory. By naming the company after himself, Robert Bosch embodied in it the values he created, which are still relevant today. He made the motto of his company the words: "It is better to lose money than trust."
Robert BoschAt that time, electrical engineering was in infancy and today's famous concern began with small workshops, but by the beginning of the First World War, Robert Bosch was already one of the most successful entrepreneurs in Germany, whose annual income was estimated at four million marks.
Success for him meant not only economic development, but also the improvement of living and working conditions. Bosch developed principles that are relevant today and give the right direction for the development of the future. Bosch's views on the organization of production were ahead of their time in many respects: back in 1906, he introduced an eight-hour working day at his enterprises, and was an ardent supporter of free trade and industrial arbitration.
Throughout his life, Robert Bosch sincerely believed that success in business is based on the trust of partners and high quality products. With his seemingly simple mottos: "Sell the best of the best", "The pleasure of your business partners is much more important than the momentary profit" - Robert Bosch turned his small workshop into a world-class business.
Bosch, RobertToday, as before, enterprises with the brand name of the inventor Bosch strive to produce practical technology. The company continues to create reliable and durable machines that make life easier for people who use them in everyday life. However, to win and justify the trust of customers in our time still means a little more, so we focus our attention on the careful handling of the environment and natural resources. This has become the goal of many Bosch innovations today. Those 100 million euros that we spend annually on environmental protection are not losses. It is an investment in gaining the trust of future generations.
The history of the Bosch company began in 1886, when he organized in Stuttgart a "Workshop for precision mechanics and electrical engineering", in which one mechanic and one apprentice worked. But in the mid-1890s, the company flourished on orders for electrification. hometown. The "skate" was an electronic "lighter" - a magneto. At first it was used in industry, but the real triumph came when Robert Bosch received an order to adapt the magneto for a three-wheeled carriage with an engine. internal combustion. He successfully completed the task. Over time, this three-wheeled stroller turned into a Mercedes, and the Bosch ignition system became indispensable in the automotive industry.
Robert Bosch. Photo: www.globallookpress.com
The company of Robert Bosch, which already bore the name of its founder and owner, except for the magneto, began to make almost all electrical equipment for cars. It was already a global business, with Bosch factories operating in the US and many European countries, and products sold all over the world. By 1926 he had moved away from direct management of the company, but continued to control the strategy of the business. During these years, Bosch dramatically expanded the scope of activities, turning the company from a manufacturer of parts for the automotive industry into a general electrical concern.
Third Reich
The Bosch company was actively developing, but in 1933 something happened that should have happened. The Nazis came to power in Germany, and the company joined the Teutonic superproject of the Third Reich: the Bosch electronic filling helped move not only civilian cars, but almost all military equipment, including aircraft. The company received not only profitable government orders, but also free labor force. Prisoners of war worked at its enterprises, their forced labor helped to build up the power of the German army.
Could it have been otherwise then? Could. Hugo Junkers, the founder and owner of the famous aircraft manufacturing concern, did not agree, and his company was taken away, turning it into a state-owned one. Robert Bosch chose to keep the company and get involved in military production, as well as in financing the NSDAP - the National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany. Robert himself did not participate in the famous meeting of the country's business circles with Hitler in February 1933, when an alliance was concluded between business and the Nazis. Thanks to the alliance, the Third Reich made a powerful breakthrough in industry and science and created the most perfect and powerful army in the world. But this meeting was attended by his own nephew Carl Bosch- the most famous organizer of industry, a Nobel laureate in chemistry and the head of the IG Farbenindustri superconcern. In those years, Karl was one of the ten most influential people in Germany. In fact, in the 1930s he became the head of the entire military economy of the country. Farbenindustri produced 85% of all chemical products used in the production of explosives, ammunition and military equipment. The concentration camp prisoners who worked in this chemical concern also produced the infamous Zyklon B gas, with which they were destroyed in the gas chambers. After the end of World War II, Farbenindustry was disbanded, creating 12 companies on its basis, the names of many of them are well known today. But Karl Bosch himself did not live to see this, he died of a heart attack at the beginning of World War II, in 1940.
In a narrow circle
His uncle Robert lived a little longer, dying in 1942 at the age of 80. But the industrial giants he created continued to forge Teutonic power. The country appreciated the talents of Robert Bosch, awarding him the honorary title "Pioneer of Labor" on his 80th birthday. He celebrated his anniversary in a narrow circle of friends in Baden-Baden, among whom was Hjalmar Shacht, one of the largest financiers of Nazi Germany, Reich Minister of Economics, head of the Reichsbank. It was he who organized that famous meeting of financial and industrial circles with Hitler in 1933, which was attended by the nephew of Robert Bosch, and it was thanks to him that the Nazis received powerful support from business. The circle of these people is narrow, and it seems that they had powerful ties not only with the military elite of the Third Reich, but also with the global financial and business elite. Through their firms and banks, she pumped Germany with the money she needed so much to carry out her aggressive plans, and often helped out technically. It seems surprising, but back in 1940, when the Anglo-Saxon world started a war with Hitler, the American Bendix Aviation Corporation transferred to Bosch the technology for the production of starters for aircraft and diesel engines, which Germany needed so much for military equipment. And then Bendix received deductions from them for a long time for help.
Guard of honor at the coffin of Robert Bosch. 03/18/1942. Photo: www.globallookpress.com
White on black?
Now they say a lot that Boshi's uncle and nephew were not ideological fans Hitler that they sponsored not only the NSDAP, but also the anti-fascists that defended the Jews. Probably, all this also happened - we still see how business “lays its eggs in different baskets”, sponsoring the entire spectrum of political parties. Moreover, Bosch was involved in the plot to assassinate Hitler. But after all, all this was in 1944, when his defeat, and hence the end of their business, seemed inevitable, and not in 1934, when they helped him subordinate the country to his crazy ideas. Most likely, this conspiracy was an attempt to keep the business and control levers in their hands. It is interesting that among the conspirators was the same Hjalmar Shakht. If the plot had succeeded, then the chancellor of Germany should have been Carl Goerdeler, a major figure in the Bosch company. It was planned that he would start negotiations with the anti-Hitler coalition, and then the company would certainly not have suffered after the war. But it turned out differently.
It is interesting that in the history of Robert Bosch there was also a communist "affair". In 1890 after the death of her husband Clara Zetkin returned to her homeland in Stuttgart and began to publish the social democratic newspaper Gleichheit ("Equality"). Her neighbor and aspiring entrepreneur Robert Bosch sponsored the publication. They were family friends - Clara arranged musical evenings, and their children talked a lot with each other. She was visited by prominent figures of the communist movement, including Lenin. Perhaps Robert Bosch even met him. Did he sponsor Vladimir Ilyich? An unanswered question, but by 1917 relations between Robert and Clara had become tense. Her husband, the famous artist Georg Zundel, fell in love with Paula - the daughter of Robert Bosch. The fiery revolutionary, who was 18 years older than her second husband, did not give a divorce for a long time. Georg and Paula were able to officially get married only in 1927. The father of the bride gave them the chic Berghof estate, now it houses the Georg Zundel Museum.
And another amazing detail: in 1932, when the Nazis won the elections, the oldest member of the Reichstag, Clara Zetkin, officially handed over the reins of power to the German parliament Hermann Göring, urging him in his speech to fight against fascism. What happened next, you already know.
There are many brands in the world that have been operating for more than one century, while maintaining the quality of their products at the highest level. One such global manufacturer is Robert Bosch GmbH. This company will be discussed in this article.
Specialization
Bosch (manufacturing country - Germany) is a German group large companies, which is considered one of the service and technology providers in the automotive industry and industrial technology, construction industry. The concern is based near the city of Stuttgart, in a village called Gerlingen.
History of creation and founding father
Bosch was founded by an outstanding German engineer and entrepreneur named Robert Bosch. November 15, 1886 is considered the official founding date of the company.
Robert is not just the founder of a world-famous enterprise, but also one of the pioneers of the global industrial breakthrough. It is the exactingness, pedantry, discipline and stamina of the German that led to the fact that the company successfully exists to this day. As a motto, Bosch chose the phrase now widely known in commercial circles: "It's not scary to lose money, it's much worse to lose confidence."
On the initial stage During its development, the concern was located in rather small workshops, where only a few people worked, but already at the start of the First World War, Robert had a solid annual income of about four million marks.
Leader's policy
The German leader himself has always believed that success is not only the steady development of the economy, but also a steady increase in the quality of life and improvement in working conditions. Bosch tried to develop as much as possible those principles of doing business that remain relevant to this day. For example, back in 1906, he independently decided to introduce an eight-hour working day for all his subordinates. He also advocated free trade and industrial arbitration. In addition, all his long life, Robert firmly believed that any business is primarily based on the exceptionally close trust of all partners to each other and the ideal quality of the products.
Important dates in the formation of the company
Robert Bosch GmbH in its long history has created many interesting things that have long been very firmly established in our daily lives. Let's get to know them better.
1933 The Leipzig Spring Fair was a real breakthrough in the field of refrigeration. The company's designers decided that the round shape could not interfere with the refrigerator, and released an eighty-kilogram unit. Also in Copenhagen, the world's first traffic light was installed.
1949 Rounded shapes are still in fashion, and pot-bellied refrigerators are already mass-produced by the company.
1950 At this time, cards are canceled, since food shortages are a thing of the past, and the Bosch brand launched the production of a kitchen mixer.
1956 The company produces the millionth copy of the refrigerator. At that time, no other company in the world could boast of such an indicator.
1958 Once again at the pinnacle of Bosch business achievements. The manufacturing country of the concern was the first in history where a full-fledged washing machine rolled off the assembly line.
1962 The company has become an undisputed favorite in the production of household appliances, because it was the first to produce a built-in cooker. Such a Bosch stove is a real decoration of absolutely any kitchen, because it combines quality, reliability, ergonomics and compactness.
1964 Dishwashers German companies are beginning to gain their popularity in the consumer environment.
1972 The Bosch stove is a thing of the past. The washing machine operating in automatic mode and having a program of such a popular full cycle now.
1978 The company managed to fill its equipment with various tricks and special options, thanks to which the food processor was born.
1984 Bosch (the country of origin of the company has remained unchanged to this day) was the first in the world to launch a small-sized microwave combination oven with a grill and roast function.
1987 The company has successfully mastered the production of automatic washing machines so beloved by all housewives of the world today, capable of working together with devices that provide economical consumption of washing powders.
Activities in the automotive sector
A Bosch review would be incomplete without a detailed look at the company's activities in the production of automotive parts and the provision of specialized services in this area.
The company's products include a wide range, which includes:
- A variety of spare parts for trucks, cars, motorcycles, yachts, minibuses (Bosch candles, filters, lamps, belts, brake elements).
- Details electronic systems and accessories.
- Engines.
- Comfort system for driver and passengers.
- Security systems.
The main automotive components of the company
Bosch Silver candles, which are designed for high thermal loads, deserve special attention. They can be used even in racing technology, since the central electrode of these parts is made of solid silver. And also these ignition elements have increased temperature properties and resistance to chemical attack.
As for batteries, each such battery combines optimal starting energy, high performance, safety, and the ability to start a car in cold weather. In addition, Bosch batteries are sealed and resistant to tilts up to 55 degrees, do not require maintenance, and are quickly recharged. Most of them work with a use that provides for the presence of absorbent fiberglass, which, in turn, provides the necessary degree of performance at the time of operation of these devices.
It is also worth noting another type of Bosch product, the manufacturing country of which is a recognized leader in car production. The company is one of the leading manufacturers of gasoline injection parts. Unlike its competitors, the German concern offers its customers a complete line of products, from small items to complete fuel systems.
Sphere of consumption
Bosch, according to 2014 data, had 9% of its income from the production of consumer goods. The company manufactures electrical tools for construction works, industrial activities and home use. Also german brand produces high-precision measuring and powerful garden equipment.
Industrial sector
The Bosch Rexroth subsidiary is today the world's leading supplier of advanced technologies in the field of hydraulic drive and automated systems management. In addition, there is a division called Bosch Packaging Technology, which in turn specializes in the production of packaging lines for the pharmaceutical and food industries.
Other activities
Bosch did not disregard thermal technology either. And that is why the company produces highly efficient energy-saving heating equipment, generates ideas in the field of hot water supply.
In parallel with this, the concern actively develops and sells equipment for video surveillance, various security systems, and fire alarms. The company is also interested in the sale to consumers of cost-effective energy saving solutions for commercial buildings and structures.
Activities in the CIS
Bosch products for the first time appeared on Russian market back in 1907, however, the official representative office of the company in the Russian Federation was opened only in 1997 in Moscow.
In Ukraine, the German giant acquired a production facility whose profile is the restoration of car starters. The company is located in the Lviv region, a village called Krakovets.
Today, Bosch is one of the most famous brands in the world. But it is difficult to imagine how much Robert Bosch had to go through so that these days we could use his goods. It is only worth mentioning that both world wars fell to the share of Bosch's empire.
Robert Bosch was born on September 23, 1861 in the German city of Ahlbeck and was the eleventh child in a family of Swabian landowners. He inherited his entrepreneurial spirit from his parents. His father, Servatius Bosch, owned an inn with the proud name "Crown", which included a brewery and extensive land. At one time, his father insisted that Robert graduate from a local technical school.
In 1879, an eighteen-year-old youth completed a course in fine mechanics and left for Cologne, where he began working as a copper smelter at the enterprise of his brother Carl Bosch. But work in the hot shop was not to Robert's liking, so after a few months he quit this occupation and went in search of a more suitable job. For six years, Robert Bosch managed to work at many German enterprises, mainly related to the production of electrical engineering, and even studied a little at the electrical engineering department of the University of Stuttgart.
The search for a young technician continued in New York, where Robert worked in the companies of Bergman and Edison. A few years later, the twenty-two-year-old technician was leaving America with mixed feelings of admiration for advanced manufacturing methods and outrage at the working conditions of the staff. Finally, having tried his luck in London with the Siemens brothers, Robert Bosch returned to his homeland with the firm intention of founding his own company.
November 15, 1886 Robert Bosch received official permission to open his own company in Stuttgart, called the "Workshop of fine mechanics and electrical engineering." The original staff of the firm consisted of one mechanic and one apprentice, and the authorized capital of 10,000 German marks was taken from the father's inheritance.
The company went through many trials in the first years of its existence. At first, she was engaged in the repair of telephones, typewriters and cameras. Orders were in short supply, and Robert personally rode a bicycle to customers, taking on the repair of the most trifling appliances. Gradually, the circle of clients expanded, and the number of hired workers increased. But this could not save the company from the economic crisis that swept the Old and New Worlds in the early 90s of the century before last. The company almost went bankrupt. To cut costs, Robert Bosch kept only three of his 25 workers at work, and to replenish working capital borrowed money from the bank under the guarantee of his relatives. And if it were not for the contract with the authorities of Stuttgart, who started the electrification of the city in the mid-1890s, it is not known how long the Bosch company would have existed.
With the end of the crisis, Bosch began new research, this time his interest was attracted by a car. The success of the Bosch company is inextricably linked with the invention of the magneto - a device for igniting the air-fuel mixture in internal combustion engines. His stylized image still adorns the company logo. In 1897, the Englishman Frederick Simms, owner of the Daimler Motor Company, asked Bosch to improve the magneto ignition system for his cars. So far, his cars have used a ignition system using an ignition tube or batteries. But the ignition tube threatened fire every minute, and the battery system could not provide a sufficient duration of the trip.
In those days, the magneto, with the help of which safe ignition was carried out for a long time, due to its dimensions, was installed only on stationary power plants. Bosch improved the design of the magneto, made it more powerful and compact, and by 1897, 55% of the company's income was brought by the sale of the new Bosch magneto. The culmination of the recognition of the Bosch magneto was the victory of the Frenchman Marcel Renault in the Paris-Vienna race in 1902 in a 14 CV car equipped with an already significantly improved ignition system - a high-voltage magneto, together with spark plugs, for the first time made it possible to create a high-speed engine.
New perspectives opened up after a successful experiment with the installation of magnetos on the machines of Frederick Simms prompted young entrepreneur to the opening of representative offices outside of Germany. However, shortly after the organization joint venture with Simms in London, Bosch discovered that his English partner, instead of ordering ignition systems from Stuttgart, was secretly manufacturing them under the "Simms-Bosh" brand. As a result, breaking in 1906-1907. all relations with Simms, Robert Bosch independently engaged in the production and promotion of his ignition systems in the UK, France, Belgium, Austria-Hungary and America.
The supply of Bosch ignition systems was fundamentally reflected in the development of the American automotive industry, as most of the local manufacturers used them in their cars. Despite this, the American authorities, protecting the domestic commodity producer, raised import customs duties up to 45%, thereby making Bosch magnetos uncompetitive. Thanks to the opening of the plant in Springfield, Bosch was able to bypass economic barriers. By the beginning of the First World War, the company already had 33 divisions around the world, and its turnover reached almost 27 million German marks.
The First World War dealt a crushing blow to Bosch's business, cutting it off from the world market. All patents for inventions were used for free by the victorious allies, which in one fell swoop deprived the company of more than half of its assets. Bosch property abroad was confiscated. But the greatest damage was done to the reputation of the company, under whose name the Americans continued to produce low-quality products. After the war, they even tried in court to prevent Bosch from using its own trademark within the US. Court hearings lasted for several years, after which the company, in order to protect its own trademark, began to use officially registered corporate logo and the inscription "Germany".
In mid-1925, Bosch organized a conveyor assembly of magnetos and spark plugs: cheaper cars and increased competition required cheaper components and assemblies. Nevertheless, the Bosch magneto remained quite expensive. For example, in the early 1930s, a magneto for a medium-sized car cost 200 Reichsmarks - two salaries of a Bosch worker and 10% of the cost of a small car. Therefore, the company continued research, developing a cheaper system - battery ignition, the principle of which is still used in the automotive industry.
1926 was marked by the first crisis in automobile sales and, accordingly, production - the market was close to saturation. Therefore, the company decided to turn to innovation again. Despite a near-monopoly position in the supply of ignition systems, Bosch did not want to put the company's success in a rigid dependence on one type of product. In case a new type of engine or ignition system appeared, Robert Bosch's enterprise began to develop electrical accessories for cars. The company's product range included systems that included electric headlights, a battery and a generator to recharge it. In a market dominated by acetylene headlights, which are rather inconvenient and dangerous to use, such a product was doomed to success.
Bosch then decided to diversify its business from a supplier of automotive parts to a multinational manufacturer of electrical equipment. This policy was implemented in part through own developments power tools and household appliances, and partly through the purchase of new divisions of the corporation. For example, the promising companies Junkers (manufacturer of gas water heaters), Idealwerke and Bauer (manufacturer of film projectors) were bought.
In 1938, the American and German branches of the company merged as the American Bosch Corporation (ABC). However, the success was short-lived. Three years later, the Bosch property was again requisitioned by the American authorities after the US entered World War II. No wonder Robert Bosch disliked Hitler. "I'm too old to pretend," the 72-year-old businessman used to say when the Nazis came to power. He himself used false documents to hide Jews in his factories who were threatened with a gas chamber. And his economic adviser, Karl Goerdeler, organized underground resistance groups with the money of the company and participated in organizing a conspiracy against Hitler.
Bosch died in 1942 in Stuttgart at the age of 81. In his will, he specified that dividends from the shares of his company should be directed to charitable purposes. And the heirs transferred their shares in "Robert Bosch GmbH" - charitable foundation, founded by Bosch during his lifetime and later named after him.
After Bosch's death, his company was headed by Hans Waltz, who continued Bosch's work with dignity. It fell to his share the need for the second in a row to restore the company literally from ruins. And Waltz succeeded in this largely due to Bosch's careful concern for the company's reputation during his lifetime.
Since then, many useful things have appeared to the world thanks to the developers of Bosch. The company holds the lead in the manufacture of electric hair clippers, electric drills and much more. Today, Robert Bosch GmbH is one of the largest German industrial concerns. The company operates in four areas: automotive equipment, communication technology, Appliances and means of production. 250,000 employees around the world work tirelessly to ensure that Bosch continues to be the leader in innovation worldwide. This is how Bosch's "workshop" has grown over the past 2 centuries. Meanwhile, 92% authorized capital The company is owned by the Robert Bosch Foundation, whose main goal is charitable work. The remaining 8% is at the disposal of the heirs.
In the fight for social justice
Robert Bosch, who in his youth drank the "happiness" of an employee, forever remained faithful to the pursuit of social justice. In 1894, eight years after its foundation, the working day at the enterprise was reduced from 10 to 9 hours, and from 1906 an eight-hour working day was introduced with a two-hour lunch break. Given that Saturday was a working day, work week lasted 48 hours. This was an out of the ordinary phenomenon at that time - two-thirds of German factories used wage labor 57 to 60 hours per week. Since 1910, in addition to a shorter working day on Saturdays, Bosch employees received financial compensation during their holidays. And in 1927 the prototype of the current pension funds"Bosch-Hilfe" (from German - Bosch-help) for the elderly.
The principles laid down once by Bosch are still alive in the company. Numerous social programs and high salaries are familiar today to every employee of the company, the only condition is tireless work on innovation.
