How to open a rabbit farm. Business plan for breeding rabbits

Meat is the most favorite food product for humans, and the dietary products of rabbit farms are in great demand.

And although the store shelves are full of a variety of meat products, the creation of animal breeding farms seems to be a cost-effective idea for starting your own business.

Despite the fact that the number of farms has increased significantly over the past ten years, Russia still has significant potential for the development of many livestock industries.

Among the most promising areas for the development of this area, leading positions are occupied by the idea of ​​​​opening a farm for breeding rabbits. There are a lot of rabbit lovers in our country, but it is not so easy to find the meat of this animal in the city.

In addition, it should be mentioned about the features of the products of the rabbit farm:

• Meat contains a lot of protein and very little cholesterol.
  Due to this ratio, it is positioned as a diet. Doctors recommend its use to people with kidney, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal diseases. Rabbit meat is also useful for children and people suffering from overweight.

• Fur animal is highly valued among clothing manufacturers.
  The low price of skins and the quality of the fur, which is not inferior to mink, makes this raw material very popular.

• Also available decorative rocks that are bred for the purpose of resale as a pet.
  They have a docile nature and are not demanding in care.

Preparatory stage of the project

Rabbits breed very well. During the year, one female brings offspring 5-6 times, and in each litter there can be 8-15 cubs, so their breeding, with the right organization of the economy, can become a very profitable type of business.

A novice entrepreneur will be pleased with the fact that in this field they will meet little competition and a great demand for manufactured products.

For effective implementation project, you need to take the planning process seriously, conduct market analysis and draw up step by step business plan setting up a rabbit farm. When making a plan you need to pay attention to the following points:

• Getting basic knowledge for breeding animals.
  You need to read specialized literature. You can also get practical advice from experienced rabbit breeders by contacting them through the forums.

• Farm Registration and obtaining permits.
  Usually, novice entrepreneurs are registered as an individual entrepreneur and draw up a personal subsidiary plot. You do not need a license to breed rabbits, but you need to obtain permission from the sanitary authorities.

• Selection of a site with a room and purchase of equipment.
  To organize a mini-farm for 1,000 heads, you need a plot of at least 6 acres.

• Breed selection for breeding.
  The potential and possible directions for the development of your project depend on this.

Let's look at some of these points in more detail.

Arrangement of the premises

To organize a business, you need a plot that you can both buy and rent.

The land for the farm should be away from residential premises. The ideal option would be to rent a summer cottage located in the countryside.

Cannot build farms in swampy areas and places with high humidity. The area around, if possible, needs to be asphalted.

When organizing a farm, the following types of premises should be provided on the site:

• sheds- areas where cages with animals will be located.
  If cells are arranged in two tiers, then about 60 cells can be placed in one shed.
• Barn where the feed will be stored.
  To reduce costs, it is recommended to purchase compound feed and grains in bulk. In this case, you will need a place to store it safely.
• Room for inventory.
• slaughter for rabbits with the presence of refrigerators for storing meat.
• Pit in which excrement will be stored. Manure is a very good fertilizer, which can be easily sold to agricultural enterprises.

The main habitat for rabbits will be cages. Depending on your budget, you can buy materials and build the cages yourself according to the drawings, or purchase ready-made cages. It is better for beginners to invest in industrial structures, the design of which takes into account many factors.

There must be a feeder and a drinker in the cages.

The cage room must be provided with water supply, electricity, heating and climate control.

Also in the process of drawing up a business plan it is worth considering the purchase of special equipment.

Breed selection

Today, about 200 breeds of rabbits are known, which are usually divided into 3 groups:

• meat skins,
• meat
• and downy.

Among the whole set, a maximum of 15 breeds are suitable for breeding at home.

You can see in the next article.

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We will talk about the prospects for the development of a dairy farm at. What should be included in a business plan?

Better for a budding entrepreneur opt for breeding meat-and-skin rabbits.

The most famous representatives of this group are:

• white giant
  Gross - 5-6 kg, net - up to 54% of the weight. The average fecundity is 8 rabbits per litter.
• Gray giant
  Gross - 5-5.5 kg, net - up to 58% of the total weight. On average, it brings out 7-8 rabbits per litter.
• Chinchilla
  Gross - 5 kg, net - up to 63% of the total weight. Average fecundity - 7 - 8 rabbits per litter.
• black brown
  Gross - 5 kg, net - up to 58% of the total weight. The average fecundity is from 8 or more rabbits per litter.

Organization of the process

Big Mikhailov's method is popular among rabbit breeders. Based on the physiological nature of animals, a scientist from St. Petersburg has developed a special method for breeding rabbits in cages.

This breeding system, taking into account all the key features of animal reproduction, allows you to bring the average weight of young animals to 4-5 kg ​​within 4 months.

Thus, the offspring of one female ensures the receipt of 30 kg of meat products within one year. You can get detailed information about the opening of Academician Mikhailov at the link http://fermerskii-dvorik.ru/25-mini-ferma-mihaylova.html .

For the success of the enterprise, it is worth paying attention to the following factors:

• Comfort.
  In order for rabbits to mate with high quality and often breed, it is necessary to properly equip their habitat.
• Food.
  According to the Mikhailov system, it is necessary to provide animals with Free access to nutrition. They should eat frequently and be able to eat up to 80 times a day.
• No stress.
  It is necessary to eliminate all irritants and minimize the risk of stress in rabbits.

What expenses should be included in ? The minimum profitability of the project.

In the video for the next one, we will talk about how to grow champignon mushrooms at home.

How to organize a pig breeding business, we will talk here. Example financial plan for the development of farming.

reproduction

Rabbits reach puberty relatively quickly. It takes them a maximum of 4 months. However, experts categorically prohibit allowing young animals to mate during this period. The mating with the male is arranged for the female only after reaching full maturation.

The process should be repeated at intervals of 1 week. When fertilization occurs, the female will no longer let males approach her, which means it's time to transplant her into a separate cage, where she will take care of the new offspring.

The young will feed on their mother's milk for 60 days.

Feeding

In conditions of auxiliary breeding of rabbits, they should be fed with special compound feed. It contains the nutritional components necessary for animals and meets all the requirements of the diet. In addition to feed in summer time it is advisable to give animals purified green grass from pastures, in winter you can limit yourself to hay.

For pregnant females, the diet should be diversified - this will allow you to get strong and healthy offspring. As additions to the main feed, it is necessary to use special vitamin and mineral supplements, including succulent feed.

To optimize costs and ensure food security, you need to stock up on feed for 2-3 months in advance.

The rabbit, during the year, brings offspring in the amount of 24 cubs:

• The female consumes up to 45 kg of compound feed per year.
• For a cub, the feed consumption rate will be approximately 12-13 kg.

Total 1 female with offspring accounts for about 0.34 tons of feed per year. The maximum price for it is 9 rubles per 1 kg.

An example of organizing a rabbit farm, see the video:

Financial calculations

We give approximate calculations for creating a subsidiary farm.

Expenses- 493 050 rubles. (at the beginning of the business and the first year of operation)

Investment - 164,000 rubles.

• Room equipment - 50,000 rubles.
• Registration - 10,000 rubles.
• Acquisition of cells - 50,000 rubles.
• Acquisition of livestock - 54,000 rubles. (60 animals maximum for 900 rubles)

Current costs - 329,050 rubles. (in year)

• Plot rent - up to 80,000 rubles.
• Feed costs - 157,050 rubles.
  (50 females with offspring * 340 kg * 9 rubles and 10 males * 45 kg * 9 rubles)
• Hay costs - 7,000 rubles. (2 tons * 3500 rubles)
• Expenses for a veterinarian - 15,000 rubles.
• Utility expenses - 50,000 rubles.
• Other expenses - 20,000 rubles.

Income- 863 400 rubles.

On average, by breed, by slaughter age, rabbits weigh 5.1 kg.

From one animal, an average of 2.9 kg of meat will be obtained (58% of the total weight).

Also, from one carcass, you can get fat up to 0.07 kg. Animal fat is actively used in medicine and perfumery.

We do not take into account the sale of manure and internal organs.

Based on this:

• Income from the sale of meat \u003d 1200 * 2.9 * 210 rubles. for 1 kg at the wholesale price = 730,800 rubles.
• Fur - 1200 * 100 r. (average price per skin) = 120,000 rubles.
• Fat - 1200*.07*150 r. = 12 600 rubles.

Profit before taxes will be - 863,400 rubles. - 493 050 rubles. = 370 350 rubles per year or 30,862.5 rubles per month.

Raising rabbits at home is a simple and not very expensive task, but when the hobby is ready to move to the business stage, it is necessary to think over the main issues related to keeping, raising rabbits and ways to sell meat. There are a few key points to pay close attention to when writing a rabbit breeding business plan.

A mini farm according to the Mikhailov method requires only a few hours a week for care

Drawing up a business plan

The business plan for breeding rabbits consists of several positions:

• initial costs;
• fixed costs;
• permanent income;
• additional income;
• profit calculation.

Initial investment

Part initial investment includes:

• purchase of a plot for construction (in the absence of your own plot);
• the cost of paperwork;
• the cost of building a farm (materials, workers' wages, communications);
• arrangement of the existing site (if necessary);
• materials for sheds with cages;
• necessary equipment (refrigerator, mini-tractor), feeders and drinkers or material for their manufacture;
• buying rabbits,
• feed (mixed feed, vegetables).

The cost of this item largely depends on the availability of land, premises and materials. When buying / renting a plot, you need to choose a place in a suburban area, but not near residential buildings.

The minimum desired area of ​​the future economy should be fifteen acres.

fixed costs

This item includes fees for veterinary accompaniment, feed and wages to workers, if any. When calculating feed for one production unit, a rabbit with offspring is taken. For a year, one female brings 24-25 rabbits. Rabbits are slaughtered in three to four months, while their meat is tender and there are no foreign odors in it. To get large excellent skins with lush thick fur, the animals are slaughtered after the autumn molts in November-December. However, rabbits born in the first months of the year are unprofitable to keep for so long, so they are slaughtered at the age of four months, seven to ten after the end of the first molt.

One female with offspring needs about three hundred and forty kilograms of feed per year, since the feed is purchased, its cost is included in the costs.

Farmers themselves prepare green fodder, branches, hay, reducing costs. Some farmers reduce this item by producing their own compound feed, purchasing the necessary equipment and buying raw materials (grain waste) in large quantities at local flour mills.

The same article includes all expenses for gasoline, electricity, water. The annual cost of veterinary support per production unit is more than three hundred rubles.

At Mikhailov's mini-farms, rabbits are kept outdoors all year round.

The fixed costs should include the organization of the slaughterhouse, that is, the purchase of knives, cutting tables, a waste container, a constant source of water to ensure the cleanliness of the premises, a blood source.

Do not forget about the periodic disinfection of the room and the presence of good ventilation in it.

Income

The main type includes income from the sale of meat and skins. It is easy to calculate them: the average carcass weighs more than two kilograms. Experienced farmers annually receive from three sheds to eight hundred - thousand carcasses. Thus, the annual output will be at least two tons of meat, it remains to multiply this figure by the selling price of meat to get the amount of income.

Animal skins can become an additional source of income or the main one if the goal is to obtain high-quality fur. There are many experienced rabbit breeders who professionally dress skins and sew hats, short fur coats, decor items from them, having their own market. Skins meat breeds can be conserved and sold to fur studios. Their cost is relatively low. If high-quality dressing is not possible, the skins must be given to professionals, and only then sold in the studio, then their price rises five to six times. Experienced breeders claim that in this case they have from a hundred rubles of net profit per head. You can go a little further and not sell dressed skins in the atelier, but donate them for tailoring fashionable products in demand, and sell them yourself, which will bring almost a fifty percent profit.

The third source of income is breeding rabbits. Once having invested money in the purchase of thoroughbred animals, you can easily make up for the costs by selling thoroughbred young animals.

Common Questions When Creating a Business Plan

Before proceeding with the preparation of a business plan, you need to familiarize yourself with and consider the legal side of the issue, methods of keeping animals, types of feed, and reproduction features.

The premises where the animals will be kept must be protected from drafts. In addition to proper nutrition, rabbits need proper care, namely:

• daily cleaning of feeders and drinkers, bedding,
• regular vaccinations,
• Fresh air,
• periodic disinfection of premises,
• timely isolation of sick animals.

When establishing a business, you need to decide on the goals of breeding - obtaining meat and / or skins and select the appropriate breed.

Meat breeds include rabbits "gray giant", "white", for fur - rex, butterfly, white downy.

To open your own farm, you need to have a room, a forage base (proximity to meadows, forests), start-up capital for buying rabbits - producers and making cages. And most importantly, to study the sales market in order to know how much meat can be quickly sold and at what price. To do this, it is better to bypass local shops and markets, cafes, restaurants, hotels and motels.

For information: about two to three kilograms of meat with bones are obtained from a five-kilogram rabbit.

The legal side of the issue

If you want not just to engage in rabbit breeding, but to make it your business and have an income, you need to start with organizational and legal issues.

Personal subsidiary plot

Breeding rabbits as a business involves having your own or rented land in a holiday village. You will need an appropriate certificate of personal subsidiary plot (LPH). The main advantage of private household plots is complete tax exemption. The main disadvantage of this form of activity is that there are restrictions on the circle of potential buyers. These include shops, supermarkets, restaurants and cafes, which place high demands on product quality.

To sell meat in markets and shops you will need:

• a certificate from a veterinarian or from a veterinary laboratory that the rabbits are healthy and have
• all necessary vaccinations;
• they are packed in compliance with all the rules;
• sanitary book for the car on which the meat is transported;
• certificate from the veterinary laboratory with blood and carcass tests (meat safety).

Here it is necessary to take into account the fact that the form and number of the listed certificates are determined by the decisions of local authorities, therefore, at the first stage, it is good to go to the local veterinary station and find out the list of documents required for the sale of meat.

Individual entrepreneur

This is a more prestigious status than private household plots, but more expensive due to taxes.

You can minimize taxes by choosing a form of taxation in the form of a single agricultural tax on income in the amount of six percent.

The second way to pay this tax is on the difference between income and expenses, its value ranges from five to fifteen percent, depending on the rate adopted in this particular region. An individual entrepreneur must have a certificate for a rabbit farm, a declaration of compliance with GOST RF and a phytosanitary certificate. Controls the activities of the IP Rosselkhoznadzor.

Shed rabbit rearing system

Rabbits are bred in the most different conditions and farms, but for a home business, a shed system is more acceptable. Shed is a mini-farm where you can breed rabbits. It allows you to optimize production processes, facilitates the calculation of feed requirements. The disadvantages of the shed system are the time spent on entry, a certain inconvenience of maintenance, but this method is distinguished by the simplicity of erecting the structure and minimal monetary costs.

In essence, a shed is two batteries of cages under one roof. The length of the battery depends on the area of ​​​​the room, the accepted width is standard - three meters. It is important to note that this means that the cages are arranged in three rows/tiers on both sides of a one and a half meter wide passage. Before installing the cages, the entire floor in the room must be sheathed with boards or poured with cement, arrange a spillway.

You can make cages in two sections, then two neighbors will have one nursery for hay and branches, one nest. Such cells have the following dimensions:

• length - one meter,
• width - half a meter,
• nest size - thirty by fifty centimeters,
• compartment for walking - fifty by seventy centimeters.

You can make cages, shelves and feeders yourself - this will significantly reduce costs. Cages are made of wood, plywood, metal, metal profiles and other materials. A metal mesh is used for the front wall, but it is not recommended to make a mesh on the floor. If the cage is completely made of wood, a window is made on the back wall for light and fresh air, which is covered with a mesh. Each cage must be closed with a lock so that the animals do not run away.

Breeding rabbits

When breeding rabbits, one of the most popular options for housing animals is the option with eighteen female rabbits and two rabbits. A ten-meter-long shed will accommodate sixty cages, in which four hundred individuals can be obtained in a year. Nine females and one male will be placed in each row, the remaining forty are intended for the growing young.

If the female is covered for the first time in February - March, then in a year she will bring at least twenty - twenty-five rabbits from three births. Please note that in order to obtain healthy offspring, it is important that the suckling period lasts two months. This will avoid exhaustion of the rabbit at three births per year - out of six possible. It should also be taken into account that experienced specialists do not cover the bulk of the rabbits in winter so that the females maintain the necessary fatness until the new breeding season.

One rabbit brings 30-40 rabbits a year

If the area allows, there are sales markets and cheap quality feed, you can cover the rabbit in the winter, but then you have to warm the nests. For this purpose, a piece of polystyrene foam / polystyrene is placed under the bottom of the nest, and the nest is filled with hay.

Feeding rabbits

Drawing up a business plan is impossible without the calculation of feed and the availability of a good forage base. Domestic rabbits eat juicy, green, coarse and concentrated foods, and that diet depends on the time of year.

So, adult rabbits weighing four kilograms require 20-25 g of compound feed in summer, about 500-800 grams of greens / grass, in winter 35 grams of concentrate, 200 grams of hay and succulent feed.

For pregnant females, the amount of feed is increased to 700 grams, and 70 grams of compound feed, in winter - 170 grams of hay, 85 grams of concentrates (including 10 grams of cake), 200 grams of succulent feed. During pregnancy, females need additional minerals and vitamins, for which they are given 11 grams of honey, 12 grams of salt, 60 grams of meat and bone meal, one gram of fish oil and vitamins. This is just one of the many options for essential supplements.

It is necessary to include in the plan the acquisition of a sufficient number of drinking bowls.

By following these simple recommendations and thinking through all the main points, you can create a productive and stable rabbit farm. The main thing is to pay enough attention to the preparation process and market research. More than half of the company's success depends on it.

Running a farm or a small private economy has recently gained popularity as a source of main or additional income. The main thing in this activity is to choose the right livestock industry and provide pets with the conditions of detention. Rabbit breeding will bring you profit or supply your family with food. But first you need to draw up a business plan for breeding rabbits, which includes calculations initial capital, items of expenses and income, additional profit. It is useful to familiarize yourself with the features of caring for animals.

Rabbits can bring good profit

The meat of these animals is characterized as dietary, has a delicate taste, is absorbed by the body and does not cause an allergic reaction. Included in the menu of patients suffering from metabolic disorders.

Income will bring both meat and skin areas in rabbit breeding.

Advantages

Rabbits are characterized by a number of advantages that will become a source of profit:

• fertility;
• a short period of sukrolnost;
• productivity: both meat and skin.

Breeding rabbits is beneficial even for a novice businessman:

• quickly pays off;
• brings profit with little time and effort;
• does not require a large start-up capital;
• not subject to high taxes;
• does not require big expenses for keeping animals.

Minus - losses among the young.

The cost of rabbit breeding quickly pays off

Varieties

Choose meat breeds, since the main source of income from a rabbit farm is meat. Among these varieties are popular:

• New Zealand red - weight up to 5 kilograms, early maturity;
• New Zealand white - quickly gaining weight, already in three months they weigh up to three and a half kilograms;
• the Californian is a broiler breed, by five months the specimen weighs four and a half kilograms, with an increase of up to 45 g daily.

Breeders acquire representatives of these breeds at special fairs and exhibitions of agriculture. Avoid buying livestock from bird markets.

Red New Zealand rabbit - a representative of the meat direction

Where to begin?

Opening a rabbit farm does not require large initial contributions. So, for the maintenance of a herd of up to 1 thousand heads, a plot of no more than a standard six acres will be required. Homemade cages and devices for eating, water will affect the cost reduction.

Before you start rabbit breeding, choose how you want to register your activity. For a mini-enterprise, a personal type of subsidiary farm is better suited. Another option is to obtain documents of an individual entrepreneur. The decision is associated with the ways of selling products.

If you have thought over the sales market (meat sold to friends or exhibited at rural production fairs), then a personal subsidiary farm (LPS) is suitable for you.

You will save on taxes. The choice of the activity of an individual entrepreneur (IP) will fully promote the business, but with some disadvantages:

• increase in expenses for the organization of entrepreneurial activity;
• permits are required.

Rabbit cages take up quite a lot of space

To open a rabbit farm, you will need a place where you build it. This can be done on your own or rented garden plot. Calculate the losses from the registration of the enterprise. A separate item of expenditure is the arrangement of the entrance and the water drainage system. You will also need materials for the construction of shed structures:

• fine mesh with galvanization;
• wooden bars;
• metal sheets and profile;
• roof materials.

Homemade feeders and drinkers will reduce payments, but refrigeration units and equipment for preparing compound feed are store purchases. If you plan to hire workers for the rabbit farm, then their wages are an additional cost.

LPH or IP?

When choosing a private household plot, you will need the following documents to start a business:

• confirmation of the rights to the land plot;
• your health record;
• sanitary book of the car on which rabbit meat is delivered (if this is your personal vehicle);
• a certificate from a veterinarian on the condition of the rabbit population;
• safety assessment of meat products received from a veterinary laboratory.

Documents that will be required to register an individual entrepreneur and engage in rabbit breeding:

• certificates: farms for breeding rabbits, phytosanitary control;
• declaration of conformity state standards quality.

IP status implies the payment of taxes

Private household plots are not taxed, for individual entrepreneurs they pay a single tax on Agriculture.

The activities of private household plots are controlled by the bodies of the rural or city administration, and Rosselkhoznadzor is responsible for the individual entrepreneurs. Your code economic activity- A.01.25.2, that is, "breeding of rabbits and fur-bearing animals on a farm", and a ban is imposed on skin-skin production from an animal caught by hunters.

Building conditions

• find out in local administration distance requirements between agricultural buildings and residential buildings;
• choose a flat area on a hill to avoid flooding during the rainy season or when the snow melts;
• choose a quiet place, away from noisy roads;
• avoid wetlands with high humidity (rabbits get sick from this);
• lay asphalt on the territory of the rabbit farm, arrange moisture removal.

Humidity is contraindicated for rabbits

Fixed Cost Items

If a kilogram of such food costs an average of no more than 9 rubles, then the cost of feeding a rabbit family will be 3,000 rubles. Three shed devices annually consume feed for approximately 126,000 rubles.

Home-made mixed feed from cereals and grass flour with vitamin and mineral supplements will reduce food costs. You can prepare juicy feed and hay with your own hands, but it is not recommended to spend money on this when farming more than a thousand heads.

Set aside 300 rubles or more per head for veterinary care. For three sheds, each of which contains 14 queens, you will need more than 12 thousand rubles. Add to this payments for electricity (1500 rubles) and hay (2000).

Rabbits may need a vet

Items of permanent income

The sale of meat products is the main income in rabbit breeding. Net lethal output from the head - 2 kg. Three shed complexes annually produce up to 1000 livestock of young animals, a total of 2000 kilograms, 250-300 rubles each.

At such prices, the profit from the sale of meat will amount to 500 thousand rubles a year. If we subtract the expenditure items from this amount, then 360 thousand rubles remain (30 thousand monthly).

Separately, calculate the yield of offal - the liver and kidneys (plus two thousand per year). Rabbit breeding will pay off within six months.

Additional profit

They also help out money for rabbit skins, which are best preserved during the slaughter period in the summer. In studios or factories they are accepted for 30-40 rubles, dressed are more expensive (up to 150). Selling a thousand skins annually, the breeder receives up to 150,000 rubles.

It is advisable to use rabbit droppings for the production of vermicompost, which is obtained after fermentation of excrement in biogas plants.

Biohumus from rabbit droppings will bring additional income

Markets

Build your own customer base. On the early stages It will include relatives, friends, etc. Advertise in the newspapers, post ads on the streets. They sell meat products directly from the rabbit farm. If dealers turn to you, then show them a certificate from a veterinarian.

For cooperation with restaurants, you will need a certificate from a veterinarian of form No. 2.

In addition to the veterinary department, visit the SES, the local center for standardization and metrology, in order to navigate the marketing standards for meat products.

It is unlikely that a network of large supermarkets will become a promising market for you. Such suppliers offer too low wholesale prices for meat.

Restaurants willingly buy rabbit meat

Organization of livestock care

For breeding, 45-50 heads of breeding young animals are bought (expenditure up to 13,500 rubles). The most convenient system, which presents the possibilities of automating the keeping of animals and saving space, are cage batteries (shed system).

The two batteries are connected by means of a roof. The shed body is made of wooden or metal raw materials, the passage between the batteries and the floor are sheathed with boards or poured with concrete.

With the system of sheds, the cells themselves and additional utility rooms are placed on one hundred square meters, on which up to a thousand copies are grown annually (in square meters):

• three complexes of sheds (20 * 2.4 * 2.8 meters) - 360;
• a room for compound feed, grain, with an entrance - 200;
• inventory storage room - up to 50;
• a place for slaughter and refrigeration units for meat (with ventilation and compliance with sanitary standards) - up to 50;
• concreted manure pit up to three meters deep, under a canopy - 30;
• the rest are passages for a small tractor.

In the shed, 60 cells with parameters of 1.3 * 0.7 * 0.55 meters are placed using the two-tier method. To make cages, use a galvanized mesh with small cells (in mm) 18 by 18, 20 by 20, 16 by 48. To install the floor at an angle, set the back wall of the room 20 centimeters below the front. This will make cleaning easier. Arrange a double floor covering so that the roof of the lower segment serves as a collection for the litter of the inhabitants of the upper floor (a double floor is also needed in the lower tier).

The slaughterhouse is supplied with a drain for blood and an oven in which waste is burned after slaughter. If you equip nearby refrigeration units, this will facilitate the processing of meat and save time.

Cell batteries are the most convenient option for keeping rabbits

Feeding and breeding

Separate rooms are allocated for the female rabbits and the breeding male in the upper segment of the shed (14 cages plus one). In the remaining 45 cells, young animals live, 7-8 specimens per group. Maintain cleanliness, change flooring in time and remove litter, disinfect.

Rabbits are ready for breeding immediately after giving birth, but farmers at home allow them to the male 3-4 times a year (spring, summer and autumn).

6-8 rabbits are born, which the female feeds for at least two months. In total, keeping fourteen female rabbits in a shed brings from 250 to 350 heads annually, and an enterprise in which there are three sheds will produce up to a thousand rabbit carcasses.

Between the places of eating and nests in the cages are placed a nursery from a grid of 35 (25) by 35 millimeters, filled with hay. Feeders and drinkers are installed under them.

Concentrated food (cereals, compound feed) is stored in a special dry room. Homemade feed is cheaper. It is more useful than purchased, which contains synthetic vitamins and substances undesirable for animals. In the summer, they are given dried fresh grass, and hay is harvested for the winter. The menu of lactating and pregnant females is more varied and nutritious, includes juicy varieties of feed and supplements of mineral and vitamin elements.

Compound feed for a rabbit can be bought or prepared independently

For self-production of compound feed, purchase a grain crusher and an extruder for granulation. One of the homemade food recipes contains (as a percentage):

• ground grains of oats and wheat - 30;
• ground barley and corn grains - 45;
• wheat bran - 12;
• cake - 12;
• chalk - 0.5;
• salt - 0.5.

Per day, an adult rabbit consumes (in grams):

• forbs - up to 1500;
• bean hay - 1200;
• branch feed - 600;
• carrots - 600;
• cabbage for food - 600;
• fodder beet - 200;
• bran - 100.

Additives to the main menu - flour of animal origin (15 g), salt- 2.5 g, crushed chalk - 2 g. In the morning, the herd is fed with juicy and green fodder, at lunchtime and evening time- mixed fodder, grain crops. Pour fresh, clean water, slightly heated, into the drinkers.

The market niche of rabbit meat is now underoccupied, unlike chicken or pork.

Even as a beginner breeder, with a sound business plan, you can make money with little expense. Rabbit farming, which used to be almost neglected, is gradually becoming a profitable business venture.

- the idea is not new, but, despite this, it is not very popular. Farmers prefer to raise other animals such as pigs or cows, whose meat is in high demand. It is very rare to find a rabbit on store shelves or in the market. Although its meat is considered dietary and is highly valued among consumers.

Business on rabbits - underdeveloped niche and this is its main advantage. The low level of competition and the demand for fresh homemade meat will make it easy for farmers to start their own business and achieve high results in it.

People who own a large farm have the opportunity to breed several types of animals for themselves. For example, when engaged in pig breeding, they keep several cows for their own consumption. Rabbits are usually kept in small numbers in order to enjoy the delicious meat themselves and treat the neighbors. Is it profitable to breed rabbits for sale? Let's consider several aspects.

1. rabbit meat- a rather rare product that can not always be found in pavilions or supermarkets. Chicken, beef, pork and even turkey - this is the list of the most common meat products. It can be concluded that rabbit breeding as a business is in its infancy, and this is a great chance to become someone who can take this business to a new level.
2. The rabbit has proven itself well as precocious animal. On average, one female is capable of producing 55-60 cubs per year. The age at which rabbits can be sold is 3 months. During this time, they turn into individuals weighing up to 4-5 kg. There are also relatives of a larger size, which is not always good. Since selling a carcass weighing more than 5 kg is a little problematic.
3. In order to start a rabbit business, no big start-up capital required. As the saying goes, "Moscow was not built immediately." It is enough to first organize a mini-farm, which is quite simple to do. The cages do not take up much space, they can be kept in a shed or other utility room. As for the feed, the main part (grass and hay) can be made independently.

And yet, breeding rabbits as a business: is it profitable or not? If there is any doubt, we will give a powerful argument: not only meat brings income, but also the skin of an animal. Rabbit breeding is quite promising business , which does not require huge investments and can be developed at home. To start doing this, you need to know the basics of creating a farm.

First of all, you need to decide on the organizational and legal component of your activities. There are two options here: individual entrepreneur or private household. Each of them has its pros and cons. In the first case, you will have to pay taxes, but there will be more opportunities for development. So, what is required for breeding rabbits?

The topic of rabbit breeding is revealed by the successful Russian entrepreneur, professionally engaged in various areas in agribusiness for more than 15 years. Participated in the creation and development of both his own and third-party projects. He has extensive knowledge in many areas of agricultural production. The article contains a brief but very capacious business plan for breeding rabbits (up to 1000 heads per year) with specific figures for income and expenses.

 

You probably know the saying: The surest way to throw money away is to invest in agriculture". Well, the time has come to completely refute this saying and forget about it once and for all. After all, we will talk about one of the most stable and profitable areas - rabbit breeding as a business. Namely, about creating your own rabbit mini-farm, which will provide you with a constant source of income all year round.

Firstly, rabbit meat has exceptional dietary properties. In addition to the fact that rabbit meat contains all the essential amino acids, it is absorbed by the human body by 90% (pork, beef and lamb by only 60%) and helps regulate metabolism. And these properties of rabbit meat can be played well. Agree that there are more than enough people who are on a diet for one reason or another.

Secondly, the market for rabbit meat is practically not busy, and it will not be difficult to wedge into it. This is primarily due to the fact that no one can compete with rabbit meat: neither poultry farms, nor pig farms, nor livestock complexes, that is, this niche is actually empty. Yes, and ask yourself how often do you see an abundance of rabbit carcasses on the shelves of supermarkets domestic production?

Organizational and legal aspects of running a rabbit business

Before opening a mini-farm, we will consider the two most acceptable forms of doing business: peasant farms and individual entrepreneurs.

KFH (peasant farming).

In fact, the activity of a peasant farm is the same as an individual entrepreneur, but with only one difference: it can include citizens who jointly own the property of an enterprise and have the right to exercise any economic activity. At the same time, the KFH does not have its own statutory documents, memorandum of association and own name. By registering a KFH in your own name, you become its head, or more precisely, an ordinary individual entrepreneur.

But whether it is worth accepting new equity holders into it or not depends on the situation, but I would answer this - no. Since in case of success, problems with partners (shareholders) will inevitably arise, which can lead to the complete liquidation of the enterprise. In addition, according to the law, you have the right to manage the peasant farm in one person. The advantage of a peasant farm is that it can count on state support in the form of various subsidies and tax incentives.

IP (individual entrepreneur).

To be honest, in my opinion, this is the most acceptable form of business organization for a rabbit mini-farm. The fact is that the legal field of KFH has no clear boundaries, and constant disputes have been going on around this for a whole decade. And the so-called advantage of peasant farms in obtaining state benefits and subsidies is completely broken against a bureaucratic wall.

For example, to get a preferential loan for agricultural producers, you need to apply to the local district administration. As part of the commission considering such applications, there will be good uncles and aunts who are vitally interested in obtaining these same loans. Now guess who will win the soft loan tender?

Form of taxation for rabbit breeding

As a taxation system for this type of activity, it is worth choosing from two forms of taxation: Simplified tax regime, income minus expenses or the Unified Agricultural Tax.

Code of type of economic activity

OKVED with encoding - A.01.25.2 is suitable for you. What does it mean: breeding rabbits and fur-bearing animals on a farm. This group has restrictions prohibiting the production of skins and skins of animals obtained as a result of hunting and catching them.

Organization of the material and technical base

In order to mechanize the entire process of growing and keeping rabbits as much as possible, it is best to use a shed system. A shed is a wood or metal framed shed that combines cages with rabbits under one roof.

Place for a mini-farm

No special permission is required to build a mini-farm. All you need is to have a piece of land outside the city, owned or leased. The only catch is the allowable distance of the mini-farm from residential buildings. Things like this are regulated. local authorities self-government, so ask in advance where you can put the farm, and where it is unacceptable.

The place for the farm itself should be on a hill or on a plot of land with a slight slope.

Try to avoid lowlands, as rabbits do not tolerate high humidity. Ideally, the entire area under the farm should be asphalted, concreted or gravel, as well as arrange storm sewers and a water drainage system.

So, the mini-farm project will allow you to get 700-1000 rabbit carcasses per year, and the farm area will be about 800-1000 m² of land.

• Sheds - 3 pcs. Total area - 360 m².
• Feeding shop and car access to it - 200 m².
• Room for inventory and spare building materials - 40-50 m².
• Slaughterhouse and refrigeration equipment - 40-50 m².
• Manure collector - 30 m².
• The rest of the area is passages and driveways for a mini-tractor.

Shedy.

Sheds for rabbit breeding

Due to the fact that cages in sheds are located in one place, this significantly saves building materials and time for their maintenance. Cages in sheds are set in two tiers, on both sides of the covered passage. In order to get more light and fresh air into the cages with rabbits, windows of 20x100 cm in size are made on their back walls, with removable hinged planks. The length of the shed can be arbitrary (in our case, it is 20 m), height - 240 cm, width of the passage - 120-140 cm. The floor in the passage is concreted or asphalted with a slope towards the cages.

Rabbit cages

The cage for the main herd has a length of 100-130 cm, a width of 60-70 cm, with a front wall height of 55 cm, a rear wall of 35-40 cm. upper layer cells. A similar pallet should be for the cells of the lower tier.

All cells are best made from galvanized welded mesh(cell size 18X18, 20X20, 16X48 mm).

Cages in sheds are divided into two compartments - feed and nest, and a mesh nursery is placed between them (cell size 35X35 or 25X50 mm), but feeders and drinkers are placed under the nursery, which significantly saves space. Thus, one shed contains 60 cages, in which up to 400 young animals can be grown per year.

feed shop

A feed shop is a room where an impressive stock of concentrated feed (compound feed, grain) will be stored, which should be enough for 2-3 months. If desired, the feed shop can be equipped with a professional grain crusher (production of at least 500 kg / h) and a granulator in order to independently produce compound feed and save on this cost item.

Also on the territory of the mini-farm there should be a room for spare equipment (feeders, drinkers, etc.) and building materials (netting, boards, fasteners, etc.).

Slaughterhouse and refrigeration equipment

With the mass slaughter of rabbits, it is necessary to build a separate room, or rather an extension to the building where the refrigeration equipment will be located. In the slaughterhouse, a separate place for slaughter is allocated, which is equipped with a blood drainer and special. an oven for burning offal (heads, paws, entrails, illiquid skins, etc.). This approach allows you to create a continuous process for processing rabbit carcasses. That is, they scored, butchered, immediately packed and froze.

manure collector

The manure collector is an ordinary pit with concrete walls and an open roof (canopy). The depth of the pit is not less than 3 meters, the width and length are arbitrary. The manure collector is located in the farthest corner of the farm and as far as possible from the sheds, feed shop and refrigeration equipment.

Business process: rearing and feeding rabbits.

Consider business processes for raising rabbits for meat.

What breed of rabbits is profitable to breed?

Since the main product of a rabbit-breeding mini-farm is meat, the breeds of rabbits must be meat, respectively. There should not be any downy, meat-skin, and even more so crossbred rabbits. At first glance, there is no difference in weight between adult rabbits of meat and skin breeds, however, by the age of 3 months, the latter reach a live weight of up to 3.5 kg. There are only three of them: New Zealand red, New Zealand white and Californian.

• New Zealand red. Adult rabbits reach a live weight of 4.5-5 kg. They are distinguished by high energy of growth, especially at an early age.
• New Zealand White. These rabbits are also distinguished by high growth vigor, fleshiness and precocity. The live weight of young animals already at the age of three months is 2.7-3.5 kg.
• California. The average daily growth of young animals of this breed is 40-45 gr. per day until the age of two months, as a result of which these broiler rabbits reach a weight of 4.5 kg by 5 months.

My advice to you: do not buy breeding stock in bird markets. The best place purchases are specialized agricultural. Exhibitions. Here you can find good suppliers of pedigree rabbits, evaluate their products on the spot and compare the offered rabbits with breed standards.

Organization of feeding

I very often heard the opinion that rabbits are herbivores and on grass alone you can get tons of rabbit meat. Believe me, but it's not.

Juicy and grassy feeds (grass, hay, straw, etc.) in the diet of rabbits make up only 15-20% in terms of nutritional value, the rest is grain meal. At the same time, there is a huge number of rations for feeding rabbits, as well as the characteristics of the feed given to them. In order not to confuse you in all sorts of comparisons, below I will give a table of the combined type of feeding. Be aware that the succulent and grassy foods in this table are interchangeable.

Table No. 1: Maximum daily allowances of basic feed for rabbits in grams.

Stern	adult rabbits	Juveniles aged, months
		1 to 3	3 to 6
Grass of natural meadows	1500	200-500	500-900
legume grass	1200	150-400	400-700
Green hardwood branches	600	50-200	200-400
beet tops	200	50	50-100
fodder cabbage	600	100-150	250-400
cabbage leaf	300	100	100-200
Carrot	600	100-250	250-400
fodder beet	200	100	100-200
Sugar beet	600	100-250	250-400
Turnip, swede, turnip	400	50-100	100-200
boiled potatoes	400	50-150	150-300
Raw potatoes	150	50	50-250
Silage	300	20-80	80-200
Hay	300	100	100-200
Cereal grain	150	30-60	60-100
legume grain	50	10-20	20-30
Shrovetide grain	20	5-10	10-15
Bran	100	5-20	20-80
Cakes and meals	100	5-20	20-80
Meat and bone meal	15	5-10	10
Salt	2.5	0.5-1	1
Chalk	2	0.5-1	1

But the following table will help you understand not only the annual feed rate for each category of rabbits, but also calculate the need for feed up to each day.

Table No. 2: Annual feed requirement for rabbits with a combined type of feeding.

Physiological state	Annual count feed day	Feed in kg.
		concentrates	hay	roots	green stern
Rabbit and male in a non-roaming period	33	3.46	1.19	3.23	4.48
Rabbit and male during breeding season	32	4.16	1.44	3.84	5.6
Baby rabbit	120	16,8	6	15,6	23,1
Rabbit lactating	180	62,4	21,1	57.2	83,35
For one head of young animals from 45 to 120 days	75	10,14	3,14	-	11.97
Total for 24 heads of young animals	-	243,36	75,36	-	287,28
Annual need for replacement young animals	42	5,25	1,89	5,67	8,19
The annual requirement of the male	365	47,50	16,40	44	64
Share of male per female rabbit	-	5,93	2,05	5,5	8
For one rabbit with offspring (24 heads up to 4 months of age)	-	341,36	109	91	420

In the morning, rabbits are given juicy food and greens, and in the afternoon and evening - concentrates (compound feed, grain). At the same time, rabbits must be provided with clean drinking water around the clock.

rabbit breeding

In breeding rabbits, I use the following scheme. At 60 cells, the upper tier of cells is occupied by females (14 cells) plus one male (1 cell). The remaining 45 cells are used to raise young animals. From each rabbit I get 3 births: spring, summer and autumn. I keep rabbits with a female together up to 2 months of age, and sometimes more (in the late autumn period). About 25 rabbits come out of one female per year, which in total amount to 300-350 units of young animals (14 females multiply 25 rabbits).

It is impossible to determine the exact number of young animals, since a waste among rabbits is inevitable, so we will take a minimum of 300 pieces. This number of young animals is freely placed on the remaining tiers with cages (7-8 pieces per cage). As a result, we have the following data: 3 sheds are multiplied by 300 pieces. rabbits and at the output we get 900 rabbit carcasses per year.

But I would not advise you to keep a separate herd for purebred breeding. If we recalculate the maintenance of such a herd for the time and money spent on feed, then it will be easier to buy breeding replacement young animals every two years.

How to save on feed

As you understand, the main expense item in rabbit breeding as a business is feed. It is very expensive to feed rabbits with purchased compound feeds, it is impossible to grow cereals on your own, it is also impossible to reduce the norms for giving feed, as this will lead to a sharp decrease in productivity. Therefore, the only way to reduce this item of expenditure is to do own production compound feed.

All you need is a powerful corn crusher and a feed pelletizer, as rabbits are reluctant to eat ground grain. And, of course, raw materials in the form of grain and grain waste. This is precisely the essence of savings, because grain waste is half the price of mixed fodder.

Below I will give 3 concentrate feed recipes for rabbits of all ages.

1) Recipe No. K-92-1 mixed feed concentrate for adult rabbits.

2) Recipe No. K-91-1 mixed feed concentrate for young animals.

3) Recipe for compound feed concentrate for rabbits of all ages.

Do not try to prepare for the winter such juicy food as silage and root crops. It's one thing when you keep 20-30 rabbits, and quite another thing when their livestock exceeds 1000 pieces. Harvesting and growing such feed will not only take a lot of time, but will also require impressive investments to pay hired workers. The only exception is hay, since it is rather difficult to buy well-leafed and vitamin hay.

Try as much as possible mechanize all manual labor. A good option in this case is a mini-tractor, on which you can bring feed to the sheds and take out manure. Also take care of automatic feeding water for rabbits.

Ways of implementation

So we come to the main component of our rabbit business - the sale of meat. And here you need to consider all possible ways.

Own customer base

Building your own customer base can be a good start. That is, acquaintances, relatives, acquaintances of acquaintances, and so on. This category of people should not be underestimated. There were times when almost the entire regular batch of rabbits left me right from the yard. Someone took live, someone finished carcasses, but something else is important, how to create this database quickly and efficiently?

With friends and relatives, everything is clear, they called, came, bought, but strangers are attracted through advertising. Use any kind of advertising: ads in newspapers, on the street, etc. The main thing is acceptable price policy. You should not raise the price of meat to the sky, make it affordable for all categories of buyers, and those who want to taste tender, homemade rabbit meat will not be long in coming.

You can sell meat directly from the farm without any permits. An exception is resellers who need the usual certificate from the veterinarian that you have a livestock of rabbits.

Sale of rabbit carcasses through restaurants

The sale of rabbit carcasses through restaurants seems very attractive at first glance. However, be prepared for the fact that almost every restaurant will refuse you. And all because most restaurants do not have rabbit dishes on the menu.

Therefore, you should not directly contact the administration of such establishments with an offer to buy rabbit meat. It is better to contact the chef, and with a proposal not to buy meat, but simply cook it and present him with 2-3 rabbit carcasses. For many, this approach will seem ridiculous, but believe me, it works great. Of course, not all restaurants will become your customers and at first you will lose some profit, but those who agree will become a stable distribution channel.

However, here, unlike selling meat from the yard, you a veterinary certificate form No. 2 is required. In addition to the local veterinary administration, be sure to contact the local SES, the regional center for standardization and metrology. The fact is that all kinds of norms governing the sale of meat are constantly changing, so you should get advice in the above instances.

The shops

Wholesale depots, shops and supermarkets within our project are not an option. It's just that everything depends on the volume of meat produced, and our volumes are small - 2 tons of meat per year, which are made up of the following indicators: 1 rabbit carcass - 2 kg, 1000 carcasses - 2000 kg. It's all about the certification of the farm itself, the slaughterhouse, the processing shop, etc. The annual execution and confirmation of all these documents will eat up the bulk of the profits. But if you decide to use this option, then I advise you to contact the points of sale directly and resolve such issues on an individual basis.

Trying to sell rabbit meat through retail chains, you will come across large wholesale suppliers, and these are extremely low prices for your product. And they are low to such an extent that they can completely ruin your enterprise. Such a way of realization is appropriate only if the produced volumes exceed 5-6 tons of meat per year and additional sources of income will be added to this.

Additional sources of income

Consider how to use by-products to generate additional income.

rabbit skins

For the majority of the population, rabbits are not only tasty and dietary meat, but also fur. However, the situation with the sale of skins is terrible, but not a dead end.

When slaughtering rabbits, be sure to preserve the skins, and it doesn’t matter what they are, summer or winter, as there is a buyer for each product. It's just that the price for them is quite low, somewhere around 30-40 rubles. a piece. Buy them mostly large enterprises for the manufacture of leather and fur products. Therefore, in free time Be sure to look for them in your area. Of course, on this income item you won’t earn much, but at least pay back part of the same feed.

Litter

Natural organic fertilizers have always been and will be in price, but you can’t raise a lot of money on manure, due to small volumes. Biohumus is another matter. Biohumus is a liquid, highly concentrated fertilizer obtained as a result of manure fermentation in special, biogas plants. Surely you have heard about this, when natural gas methane is obtained from animal waste, but biohumus is a by-product of processing. A similar fertilizer, poured into plastic bottles, I saw in stores for summer residents, and they willingly bought it. So no one bothers you to do such a business, besides, biohumus has a long shelf life.

Inventory

Bunker feeders, rabbit watering systems and battery cages are always in demand. many owners country houses prefer to grow small animals for their own needs in the warm season. For example, a 3-cell cell battery made of galvanized mesh and metal. profile, as well as equipped with feeders and drinkers, the market costs about 5-8 thousand rubles.

Income and expenses of a business for raising rabbits

initial investment.

And here, dear rabbit breeders, I can’t give exact figures for the initial investment with all my desire. And take them from the ceiling to draw beautiful picture(as it is done everywhere), looking at which one gets the impression of easy and multimillion-dollar earnings, I will not. After all, it all depends on the specific situation.

Firstly, the prices for building materials in each region are different. Secondly, someone already has the necessary equipment, supplies of building materials, the same mini-tractor, etc., while someone will have to start from scratch. Therefore, I will simply give a list of the necessary equipment and building materials, based on which you can easily calculate the initial costs for yourself.

• Building materials - metallic profile, galvanized mesh, roofing and lumber.
• Registration of documents for the land. Owning is expensive, renting is almost free.
• Improvement of a mini-farm - storm sewer, water drainage, asphalt, concrete or crushed stone.
• The cost of building a farm - wages to hired workers or own labor costs.
• Equipment - mini-tractor, freezers, grain crusher, feed granulator.
• Breeding rabbits - at least 50 pieces at the age of 3-4 months.
• Possible costs - the purchase of inventory (I do not advise, it's better to do it yourself).

Income per month and per year

Annual expenses.

• Feed consumption per 1 unit of production - 340 kg multiplied by 5 rubles. per kg, we get 1700 rubles. and add to this amount 300 rubles. for other expenses: paperwork, fuel, etc. As a result, one unit of production costs us 2 thousand rubles. in year.
• In a mini-farm of 3 sheds, we have 42 production units (14 females in each of the sheds), 42 units are multiplied by 2000 rubles, and the annual expense will be 84 thousand rubles. But, as you know, everything is beautiful on paper, but in reality it’s different, so let’s add a couple of force majeure to this figure and round it up to 100 thousand rubles. in year.

Annual income.

• One production unit is 50 kg of rabbit meat (25 carcasses of 2 kg each). Let's be realistic, as most of your customers will not pay any attention to the nutritional and health benefits of rabbit meat. For them, the main thing is the price of the product, so we will set it within 200 rubles. per kg. And we get such a figure - 10 thousand rubles. from one production unit.
• Further, everything is simple, from 10 thousand rubles. we subtract our expenses - 2000 rubles. and we get net profit- 8 thousand rubles, which we multiply by 42 production units - 336 thousand rubles. in year. This is about 30 thousand rubles per month.

Of course, these are not petrodollars, but not a meager salary on some municipal enterprise. Such an income will fully correspond to your labor costs on a mini-farm, which will amount to 3-4 hours a day.

Last argument: no one bothers you to expand production over time. As soon as the system works and justifies itself, and you realize that you are capable of more, then boldly go forward, mastering more and more new markets.