Work in the system "Man - Sign System", "Man-Man".
A linguist, a translator is a specialist who has a deep knowledge of the main subject, i.e. language (Russian or foreign), because linguistics is the science of language, its social nature and functions, the laws of functioning and historical development, and the classification of specific languages.
The functions of a linguist-translator are extensive and varied and depend on where he works: in a research institute or in a teaching job. In the most general form, they can be defined as follows: compiling dictionaries, writing a grammar of a language, various kinds of reference books, translating from one language to another, developing scientific, technical and special terminology, improving the alphabet and spelling, Scientific research in the field of phonetics, morphology, syntax, the study of dialects and the colloquial version of the literary language, the interpretation of ancient cultures through the facts of their language, teaching the language.
object professional activity specialist are: theory of foreign languages, foreign languages and cultures, theory of culture and intercultural communication.
In accordance with the training received, a linguist-translator can perform the following activities: teaching, socio-pedagogical, organizational and managerial, scientific and methodological, educational, cultural and educational. Areas of application of professional knowledge: travel companies, agencies, bureaus; international companies and organizations; hotels and restaurants; presentations, negotiations, business meetings; museums, galleries, exhibitions; educational institutions.
Depending on the choice of the field of activity, the linguist interpreter organizes and conducts excursions to cultural and historical places for foreign citizens. Accompanies foreign citizens during their visits to the country. Makes translations at presentations, business meetings, negotiations (simultaneous translations). Carries out written translations (specialized scientific, technical, fiction, journalistic literature). Makes information-thematic plans, reports. Accompanies Russian-speaking groups abroad. It translates foreign TV and radio programs, films.
Working conditions: indoors, outdoors, mobile. Tools of labor: dictionaries, office equipment, literature, reference books, people.
PROFESSIONAL KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS
Must know:
- foreign languages in perfection;
- practical grammar and phonetics;
- lexicology;
- practice of speaking and writing,
- the history of the language;
- theory and practice of translation;
- principles of interpersonal and mass communication;
- the phonetic and grammatical structure of the studied languages, the specifics of the semantic structure of words, phraseological units, the compatibility of lexical units.
- a wide range of knowledge in the humanities: sociology, philosophy, psychology, cultural studies, pedagogy, ancient culture, foreign literature, stylistics of the Russian language
Should be able to:
- synchronously translate oral speech;
- carry out written translations;
- organize and conduct excursions to cultural and historical places;
- make quick decisions in a changing situation;
- present the material taking into account the characteristics of each specific audience;
- quickly establish, establish contacts with strangers of different ages, gender, social status and culture;
- communicate your ideas clearly and concisely.
Professionally important qualities
- Developed analytical thinking, flexible thought processes,
- good long-term structured memory, memory for auditory images,
- concentration and attention span,
- developed verbal and logical thinking,
- communication and organizational skills, the ability to hear and listen
- verbal abilities, well-delivered speech, a rich vocabulary,
- high level distribution of attention;
- emotional stability, patience, thoroughness, punctuality, curiosity of the researcher,
- physical and mental endurance.
Medical contraindications
The profession has no pronounced medical contraindications.
Related professions (specialties)
Foreign language teacher, translator, specialist in intercultural communication.
Education
Higher educational institutions.
Translator profession- one of the oldest. The need for it arose as soon as national languages \u200b\u200bthat were different from each other developed. Suffice it to recall the well-known biblical story about the Tower of Babel and how helpless people have become, ceasing to understand each other.
Several attempts were made to create and use a universal, universal language "Esperanto". However, these attempts did not receive universal recognition. After all, each language, each dialect carries a national identity, reflects the history and culture of each people. Therefore, the need for translators remains and grows with the development international tourism and international relations.
AT qualification handbook duties of an interpreter include:
1. Translates scientific, technical, socio-political, economic and other specialized literature, patent descriptions, regulatory and technical and shipping documentation, materials of correspondence with foreign organizations, as well as materials of conferences, meetings, seminars, etc.
2. In the process of cooperation with foreign firms, direct contact of representatives of foreign firms with specialists from enterprises, institutions, organizations, translates speeches at conferences, symposiums, congresses and other international meetings.
3. Performs oral and written, full and abbreviated translations, while ensuring the exact correspondence of translations to the logical, stylistic and semantic content of the translated texts, compliance with established scientific, technical and other terms and definitions. Translates technical documentation requiring written translation. Carries out the necessary editing of translated texts.
4. Works to clarify and unify the terms, concepts and definitions found in the texts on the relevant sectors of the economy, knowledge, science and technology. Prepares thematic reviews, annotations and abstracts on foreign sources of scientific and technical information. Participates in the preparation of reports on meetings and negotiations, as well as maintaining the necessary records and execution of technical documentation. Participates in commissioning, in ensuring the fulfillment of the terms of contracts with foreign firms, in organizing services for representatives of these firms (leisure, providing medical care, meetings with representatives of the press, the public, etc.).
5. Performs work related to the transfer of information through various communication channels and the systematization of information materials about the translations performed and the work done.
6. Prepares abstracts and abstracts foreign literature and scientific and technical documentation. Participates in the compilation of thematic reviews on foreign materials. Works on the unification of terms, improvement of concepts and definitions on the subject of translations in the relevant sectors of the economy, science and technology, accounting and systematization of completed translations, annotations, abstracts.
Qualities that ensure the success of the professional activities of an interpreter:
| Capabilities | Personal qualities, interests and inclinations |
|
Communication skills (the ability to establish, establish contacts with people of different ages, gender, social status and culture); Verbal abilities; - (the ability to coherently and clearly express one's thoughts, well-delivered speech, a rich vocabulary); High level of organizational skills; Good mnemonic abilities (good memory); Flexibility of thought processes; High level of attention distribution - (the ability to pay attention to several objects at the same time); Ability to make quick decisions in a changing situation; The ability to present the material taking into account the characteristics of each specific audience; Physical and mental endurance. |
Politeness, tact; upbringing; Resourcefulness; Wit; Energetic, perseverance; Self-esteem; erudition; Decency; Consistency. |
Qualities that impede the effectiveness of professional activity:
- isolation;
- aggressiveness;
- irritability;
- rudeness, bad manners;
- inattention;
- passivity;
- lack of communication.
The specialty of a translator is chosen by people who are seriously passionate about the language and who know what they want to achieve. Each stage in the development of economic, scientific, cultural interaction between representatives of these and other areas, speaking different languages, imposes its own requirements on translators. However, there is a foundation that has been formed for thousands of years, from the first attempts of a person to negotiate with strangers, resorting to linguistic mediation and the help of those who own the most unique resource of human communication - the ability to hear a thought, understand the purpose of what was said and find the most accurate equivalent in a foreign language system for information and communication. emotional expression of the meaning sent to the communication partner.
breadth and wealth creativity Interpreter's abilities are manifested in the ability to broadly comprehend what was said and process the information expressed in words, to see the thought behind them, which must be immediately flexibly and adequately conveyed in another language. The French writer Valerie Larbeau, who spoke four foreign languages (English, German, Italian and Spanish) and did a lot of translation of English literature, said: “A true translator certainly combines the most valuable and rarest human qualities: self-denial and patience, even mercy, scrupulous honesty and intelligence , vast knowledge, rich and agile memory.
This thesis can be confirmed by the example of the vagueness of the English syntax, demonstrating the translation of the phrase: “He swore the day he was born”, which with the same right can be translated: He cursed the day he was born. and He cursed the day he was born. Or another example: He went to the United States never to return . He went to the United States to stay there forever. He went to the United States and stayed there forever. ( ambivalence is a double function of syntactic constructions).
In the first translations of the Bible, which were considered sacred or standard, there was a desire of the translator to literally copy the original, which often led to ambiguity or even complete incomprehensibility of the translation. Therefore, some of the translators tried to theoretically substantiate their right to greater freedom of interpretation of the original and the need to convey not the meaning of the written word or the literal reproduction, but the meaning of the tests or the general impression.
The two most important skills that a translator must have be fluent in the target language and have an idea of the essence of the translated text . The translator must be prepared for the fact that he will be offered a variety of topics. Therefore, he needs to educate himself all the time and be sure to read articles on topics in which he wants to improve his knowledge. In other words, general development, erudition, breadth of outlook are necessary qualities for a professional translator.
In addition to language and subject skills, the translator must be able to document translation to linguistically right job looked aesthetically pleasing.
In the process of negotiations, he does not just translate from one language to another - it largely depends on him whether the necessary atmosphere will be created that will help achieve the required mutual understanding. The participation of a linguist proficient in psychological , often increases the chances of a successful completion of negotiations, since politicians or representatives of the business world are most often the “pupils” of the most different cultures, they have their own vision of business methods, each of them has his own approach.
For example, the expressive American business principle " time is money, so today you need to do the maximum» does not work with representatives at all Latin America, Asia or the Middle East, who prefer long feasts and negotiations. The Western mentality has developed the most responsible attitude towards the contract, and Asian partners are very skeptical about any signatures in documents. If for Americans the passion for alcohol is a sign of weakness, then for the Japanese it is a sign of resilience and endurance. In the Western mentality, it is unacceptable to ask questions about age, while in the East, age is respected as a status in the social hierarchy. Participating in interlingual communication, a good translator should be a kind of artist who knows the art of disguise .
In addition to its mediating role in the process of interlingual communication, the translator sometimes performs communicative functions that go beyond linguistic mediation when he directly communicates with participants in interlingual communication. In this case, the translator, at the request of one of the interlocutors, can take on the role of an independent source of information, giving additional explanations, drawing conclusions from the content of the original, pointing to possible mistakes etc. Interpretation and translation can be combined with activities informant, editor, critic etc. The linguistic mediator should use his knowledge not to tell negotiators how to solve their problems, but to help them figure out what they want to say to each other. Interpreter has no right to express his opinion , adding from himself what was not said by the interlocutor, as well as transfer confidential information .
Professional translation is not only an adequate reproduction of the style of the written original or the speech of a person speaking another language, it is the ability to use terminological dictionaries and understand the field of science and technology to which the original belongs. A professional translator is not a robot with a certain program, but a person who participates in the complex communication of other persons,
and therefore it is extremely important for it to have developed analytic skills and fast reaction , since when translating even a small phrase, there are always several options. He understands the thought with all its semantic nuances, which is not available to a computer. Finding the meaning of a term that is not available in one language can sometimes take hours.
Translation is always a creative work, where personal experience, ability to read between the lines, intuition and culture are of decisive importance. Translation is always more difficult than retelling thoughts in another or native language, and what a computer most often gives out cannot even be called interlinear. No existing electronic resource can replace the intellectual work and professional skills of a translator. Automated translation tools can only be of great help to a professional.
The translator must understand both the "dry" language of mathematics and philosophical reasoning, so he must be well-read, have great erudition, be broad-minded and keep up with linguistic changes , as the language is influenced by the economy, and the development of new technologies, and moral and cultural values. The translator must be a comprehensively developed person, constantly ready to replenish his informational and general cultural stock. V.G. Belinsky wrote: “Human knowledge does not consist of one mathematics and technology, because it is not attached to one railways and cars. On the contrary, this is only one side of knowledge, it is still only the lowest knowledge, - the highest encompasses the moral world, contains in the field of its knowledge everything that is high and sacred to human existence.
The opinion that anyone who knows a foreign language can translate is very common, but not everyone can become a translator. The traditional translator qualification formula consists of knowledge of two languages and subject of speech. But by itself, this knowledge, including a large vocabulary and conversational skills, does not provide the ability to translate competently and is only a prerequisite. Necessary master the technology of translation and own a system of tools and techniques , i.e. learn how to convey information by changing two very different language codes flexibly.
When translating scientific and technical literature, political, marketing, commercial and other "business" materials, it is necessary to understand not only all the details, but also the ability to overcome differences in the structures and rules of functioning of different languages. The translator's potential is manifested in the ability to comprehend what was said, to catch the idea and flexibly and adequately convey it in another language, reproducing the "tonality" of the original, but not all people are able to speak and write correctly, clearly and expressively. If a person does not know how to express his thoughts in his native language, then even having understood the content of the original, he will not be able to adequately state it. Even the most versatile translators have strong and weak sides, it is easier for one to translate from a foreign language, for another from a native into a foreign language.
A professional translator understands the speaker's thought with all its semantic nuances, i.e. speaks a foreign language at a level close to the native language. The profession of translator requires virtuoso mastery of the native language. Downplaying the importance of speaking and writing in one's own language is one of the problems translators face. Immersed in a foreign language and culture, they lose their linguistic sense and begin to think like native speakers. Getting used to working quickly in both languages, they create structures in their native language that sometimes seem correct only because they were correct in the source language. It is called " linguistic schizophrenia". (I already live in Russia for 25 years.)
how long have they building the house? - How long do they built house? (already under construction) We have been waiting for you for two hours - we we wait you already two hours. Thank you for the book. I "ve been wanting it for ages. - Thanks for the book. I long wanted have her.
1) When describing an action that began in the past and did not have time to end by the time of speech or ended shortly before the moment of speech, both Present perfect and Present perfect continuous can be used.
how long have you learned Russian?- How long you studied / study Russian?
how long have you have been learning Russian? - How long you studied / study Russian?
He has worked for six hours. He has been/has been working for six hours.
He has been working for six hours. He has been/has been working for six hours.
2) If need to do emphasis on most described action, which by the time of speech may be how it's finished, So and not finished, use Present perfect continuous. If the emphasis is on the completion of the activity or on the result achieved with its help, the Present perfect is used.
Jane has been painting the house and she is very tired. — Jane dyed home and very tired (important process painting the house, a side effect of which is Jane's fatigue).
Jane has painted the house and now it is green. — Jane dyed house, and now it's green (important result, which was aimed at, which was the goal of the activity: the house is now painted).
An international association of more than 100 professional associations of translators, interpreters and terminologists (FIT International Federation of Translators), uniting more than 80,000 translators from 55 countries, has established special standards and levels of professionalism.
Skills
Language and Literacy:
Understanding the original language.
Writing skills in the target language.
Reading proofreading and editing.
Communication (communication):
Clarity of expression.
Establishing contact.
Providing and processing feedback.
Listening and questioning.
Observation and verification of understanding.
Cultural level:
Knowledge of history, traditions and customs.
IT knowledge:
Hardware and software used to perform translations.
Electronic file management.
Electronic commerce.
Efficiency:
Ability to make decisions.
Possibility of counseling.
Thinking.
Analysis and evaluation.
Fact setting.
Project management:
Resource coordination. ( relevant reference materials. In the process of translating technical documentation, the translator must be guided by the documents provided by the customer as reference material, state regulatory documentation GOST, SNiP; reference literature, glossary of terms, special dictionaries, spelling and explanatory dictionaries, etc.)
Terminology research.
Control.
Quality control.
A serious requirement for the qualities of a professional translator is health, which is checked by special testing for professional suitability. For example, psychological tests, since the profession of an interpreter requires a huge concentration of attention and energy costs. Written translation is an 8-10 hour job that requires utmost composure and accuracy . Add to this frequent rush jobs if the translation should be done "yesterday". To master the profession of an interpreter, one needs not only abilities, but high motivation and hard work.
On average, it should take a good translator about a week to translate one author's sheet (40,000 printed characters, including spaces) of medium complexity, the actual level of productivity on average is about 300 words per hour.
In addition to the highest language qualifications, the requirements of good health and.
Simultaneous translation can be performed by very few translators. Such work requires such strong mental stress that sooner or later every third interpreter's nervous system is depleted, and closer to the age of 50, every second simultaneous interpreter develops serious illnesses. Even experienced synchronized swimmers can effectively work no more than 3-4 hours, so they work as a team.
Professional translator able to speak and listen at the same time respond instantly and have a certain automatism and competently and concisely translate what was said. If the translator often asks again, clarifies the meanings of words, corrects, etc., he slows down business communication and begins to be perceived not as an assistant, but as an interfering factor.
For a translator, it is very important background knowledge . This is where his associative memory comes into play. Necessary learn to adequately identify semantic units highlighting the most important, because the translation process consists of two stages: analysis during the perception of information and synthesis at the time of direct speaking. The translator must be able to correctly divide speech into phrases and grammatical constructions that will be convenient for the listener to understand.
The founders of the famous Geneva School of Translators have a good joke: “At international conferences, a translator is not paid for translation, but for how he speaks and looks.” The translator is part of the face of the company, and he must look presentable. When choosing your style, it is important to understand where you have to work and turn clothes to your advantage. A well and properly dressed person always has a positive effect on the interlocutor. For example, financial sphere assumes respectable images, and jurisprudence and consulting recommend a conservative image. Dress code in a business image is always restrained and functional. The word "suit" in Latin means "way of life" and the appearance of a person can say: "I am a businesslike and collected person. You can trust me".
There are psychological studies, according to which 55% of the first impression of a person is formed on the basis of how he looks, 38% - on the sound of the voice, and only 7% - on the meaning of the spoken words. Therefore, to appearance should always be taken seriously.
CONCLUSIONS:
The translator must have a sense of language and love this language;
Must be able to switch from one style of language to another ;
- convey the meaning of the original, and not just perform a "readable" translation of words;
The translator must have a creative streak ;
The translator must have good knowledge , how original language , So and regional culture ;
The translator must have a clear understanding of the subject , which is being discussed.
4. "Translator" - a profession-medium or "post horse of civilization".
Sustained attention to translation in Russia is associated with the reforms of Tsar Peter I. Developing Moscow's economic and cultural contacts with Western Europe, he founded the Foreign College and opened a school of foreign languages to train translators. In 1735, the first professional organization of translators, the Russian Assembly, was established at the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Translators contributed to the formation of the literary norm of the Russian language, which was significantly enriched thanks to the translations of M. Lomonosov, N. Karamzin, V. Zhukovsky, A. Pushkin, M. Lermontov. They were the first to introduce Russia to the works of Western culture, and it was not for nothing that A.S. Pushkin called translators "the post horses of civilization." In the publishing house "World Literature", created on the initiative of M. Gorky, such talented masters of translation as B. Pasternak, S. Marshak, L. Ginzburg, N. Tikhonov worked.
In the second half of the 20th century, the need for translation of political, social, business, scientific and technical information increased. In institutions and industrial enterprises entire translation departments were created. The demand for professional translators has increased significantly, and in some technical universities translation faculties and departments were created.
At present, the profession of "translator" has moved from the category of "elite" to the ranks of "working" specialties, has turned into a multifunctional machine. The more active business international relations, the wider the range of areas where this irreplaceable person is invited, despite the fact that English language teach more and more children and adults around the world. But professional translators will not have competitors for a long time, since a translator is not just a profession, it is a lifestyle.
This style dictates its own rules, which professional translators constantly improve by discussing the problems of their craft in the professional journal Bridges, which is published by R. Valent” since 2004 ( [email protected] or [email protected]).
Practicing professional translators have their own holiday "Translator's Day", established in 1991 by the International Organization of Translators (FIT). It is celebrated on September 30 and was established in honor of St. Jerome of Stridon (circa 340-420), who translated the Bible into Latin, for which he is considered the patron saint of translators.
Blzh. Jerome was born in the Balkans to Christian parents, but was educated in Rome, where he learned Latin and Greek. He traveled extensively, and in the course of a long ascetic life in the wilderness he learned Hebrew and Chaldean.
Over the translation of the Bible Blzh. Jerome worked in Constantinople, in Rome, in Bethlehem, using Hebrew and Greek texts. It is his translation that is still the official Latin text of the Bible (Vulgata). Blzh. Jerome also owns many theological texts, letters, comments on Holy Scripture, and historical works.
Recognition blzh. Jerome as a patron of translators is not unreasonable: he paid great attention not only to the practice, but also to the theory of translation; He talked about the boundaries and limits of the concepts of "correct" and "adequate translation", about the benefits of comparative translations and the use of interlinear translations in different languages.
There is a legend that it was Blzh. Jerome was the creator of the Glagolitic (despite the fact that the Glagolitic seems to have appeared about 500 years later, around 860). However, in some sources you can find the term "Hieronymian" for the Glagolitic alphabet.
Until his last days, Saint Jerome led an ascetic life. He is revered in the Catholic and Orthodox churches. The Orthodox name for this saint is Blessed Jerome; he may also be referred to in texts as Saint Jerome; in the Catholic tradition, he may also be referred to as his full name as Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus.
Saint Jerome of Stridon, Bible translator, patron saint of translators
In the pictures blzh. Jerome is usually depicted as a scholar surrounded by books, scrolls, or even bent over a human skull. At the feet of blzh. Jerome can often be seen peacefully sleeping, a lion tamed by him.
Troparion Jerome:(Church hymn in honor of Orthodox holiday or saint)
Great has thee a representative, the Wise God, / Orthodox assembly, / as if you were the interlocutor of the venerable ones / and partaker of divine wisdom, / taco, wonderful Jerome, / praying to Christ God / grant us great mercy
Professiogram "translator"
Dominant activities of the translator profession:
- organizing and conducting excursions to cultural and historical places for foreign citizens;
- accompaniment of foreign citizens during their visits to the country;
- assistance in accommodation and residence of foreign citizens;
- translations at presentations, business meetings, negotiations (simultaneous translations);
- implementation of written translations (specialized scientific, technical, artistic, journalistic literature);
- preparation of information-thematic plans, reports;
- accompanying Russian-speaking groups when traveling abroad;
- translation of foreign television and radio programs, films;
- teaching activity.
Areas of application of professional knowledge:
- travel companies, agencies, bureaus;
- international organizations, companies;
- hotels, restaurants;
- presentations, negotiations, business meetings;
- museums, galleries, exhibitions;
- educational institutions.
The qualification of a linguist can be obtained at the GrSU. Yanka Kupala at the Faculty of Philology, studying in the specialty:
Linguistics- the science of natural human language as the most important means of communication in society and of all languages of the world as its individual representatives.
Linguist, teacher of foreign languages- professional qualification of a specialist with higher education in the field of linguistics and linguodidactics, owning a set of competencies required for specialists with knowledge of a foreign language, and able to carry out their professional activities in the field of teaching foreign languages in various types of educational institutions, including in the system of higher vocational education and in other areas of activity that require specialists with knowledge of foreign languages at a professional level.
History of the profession
The science of languages has been around for thousands of years. History mentions linguists interpreting ancient texts and compiling alphabets that belonged to different centuries and different civilizations. Back in the 5th century BC. e. clerics and scientists of India formed the foundations of modern linguistics: the division of words into parts of speech, the classification of sounds and many other innovations at that time. Also, the laws of sentence formation, the division of words into syllables and other observations were described by the linguists of Greece, China, the Arab countries and some other peoples. In the Middle Ages, which were characterized by a slowdown in the development of science, linguists worked mainly with Latin and Arabic. The rapid development of this field of knowledge began in the first half of the 19th century and continues to this day. It is characterized by the creation of so many works on linguistics that had not been written for many centuries before.
Dominant activities:
The study of the phenomena of speech, rules, the evolution of languages, kinship with other dialects and adverbs;
compilation of dictionaries, description of the grammar of the language, reference books;
development of scientific, technical and special terminology;
improving the alphabet and spelling;
scientific research in the field of phonetics, morphology, syntax;
study of dialects and colloquial variant of the literary language;
interpretation of ancient cultures through the facts of their language, teaching the language.
Qualities that ensure the success of professional activities:
Capabilities:
Lexical and linguistic abilities;
high level of verbal-logical thinking;
ability to systematic and comparative analysis;
the ability to generate new ideas (creativity);
ability for an interdisciplinary approach in solving problems;
possession of scientific concepts and the ability to perceive and understand various terms;
good long-term memory.
Personal qualities, interests and inclinations:
Organization, accuracy, clarity, composure;
perseverance, self-control;
curiosity, interest in research in the field of linguistics;
propensity to develop scientific, technical and special terminology, propensity to work with information;
propensity to work in the field of communication, the study of dialects;
desire for self-knowledge, self-development, professional growth and high quality labor results.
Qualities that impede the effectiveness of professional activity:
Disorganization, irresponsibility;
lack of inclination to research activities;
inattention;
lack of communication.
Areas of application of professional knowledge:
Translation agency;
travel agencies;
international companies;
research organizations;
educational institutions.
Basic knowledge area No. 1 and their level
Basic knowledge area No. 2 and their level
Professional area
Interpersonal interaction
Dominant interest
Additional interest
Working conditions
interpreter
adaptation– formalization
humanitarian sciences
, level 3, high (theoretical)
filanguage, foreign languages, level 2, intermediate (practical use of knowledge)
foreign language
rare
social
entrepreneurial
in room ,outdoor, mobile
Dominant activities:
organizing and conducting excursions to cultural and historical places for foreign citizens;
accompaniment of foreign citizens during their visits to the country;
assistance in accommodation and residence of foreign citizens;
translations at presentations, business meetings, negotiations (simultaneous translations);
implementation of written translations (specialized scientific, technical, artistic, journalistic literature);
preparation of information-thematic plans, reports;
accompanying Russian-speaking groups when traveling abroad;
translation of foreign television and radio programs, films;
teaching activity.
Qualities that ensure the success of professional activities:
Capabilities:
communication skills (the ability to establish, establish contacts with people of different ages, gender, social status and culture);
verbal abilities (the ability to coherently and clearly express one's thoughts, well-delivered speech, a rich vocabulary);
high level of organizational skills;
good mnemonic abilities (good memory);
flexibility of thought processes;
high level of distribution of attention (the ability to pay attention to several objects at the same time);
the ability to make quick decisions in a changing situation;
the ability to present the material taking into account the characteristics of each specific audience;
physical and mental endurance.
Personal qualities, interests, inclinations:
politeness, tact;
upbringing;
resourcefulness;
wit;
vigor, perseverance;
self-esteem;
erudition;
decency;
consistency.
Qualities that hinder the effectiveness of professional activityawn:
isolation;
aggressiveness;
irritability;
rudeness, bad manners;
inattention;
passivity;
lack of communication.
Areas of application of professional knowledge:
travel companies, agencies, bureaus;
international organizations, companies;
hotels, restaurants;
presentations, negotiations, business meetings;
museums, galleries, exhibitions;
educational institutions.
History of the profession
The profession of a translator is one of the oldest. The need for it arose as soon as national languages \u200b\u200bthat were different from each other developed. Suffice it to recall the well-known biblical story about the Tower of Babel and how helpless people have become, ceasing to understand each other.
Several attempts have been made to create and use a universal, universal language "Esperanto". However, these attempts have not received universal recognition. After all, each language, each dialect carries a national identity, reflects the history and culture of each people. Therefore, the need for translators remains and grows with the development of international tourism and interethnic relations.
Some professions that may suit a person with this type of whetherfeatures (social and entrepreneurial):
lawyer;
referee;
social worker;
salesman;
insurance agent;
nurse.
1 Romanova, E.S. 99 popular professions. Psychological analysis and professiograms. 2nd ed. St. Petersburg: Peter, 2003. - 464 p.: ill.
Profession name
Dominant way of thinking
Basic knowledge area No. 1 and their level
Basic knowledge area No. 2 and their level
Professional area Interpersonal interaction Dominant interest Secondary interest Working conditions
interpreter
adaptation - formalization
humanities, level 3, high (theoretical)
philology, foreign languages, level 2, intermediate (practical use of knowledge)
foreign language
rare
social
entrepreneurial
indoor, outdoor, mobile
Dominant activities: organizing and conducting excursions to cultural and historical places for foreign citizens; accompaniment of foreign citizens during their visits to the country; assistance in accommodation and residence of foreign citizens; translations at presentations, business meetings, negotiations (simultaneous translations); implementation of written translations (specialized scientific, technical, artistic, journalistic literature); preparation of information-thematic plans, reports; accompanying Russian-speaking groups when traveling abroad; translation of foreign television and radio programs, films; teaching activity.
Qualities that ensure the success of professional activities:
Capabilities:
communication skills (the ability to establish, establish contacts with people of different ages, gender, social status and culture); verbal abilities (the ability to coherently and clearly express one's thoughts, well-delivered speech, a rich vocabulary);
high level of organizational skills; good mnemonic abilities (good memory);
flexibility of thought processes;
high level of distribution of attention (the ability to pay attention to several objects at the same time); the ability to make quick decisions in a changing situation; the ability to present the material taking into account the characteristics of each specific audience;
physical and mental endurance.
Personal qualities, interests and inclinations:
politeness, tact; upbringing; resourcefulness; wit; vigor, perseverance; self-esteem; erudition; decency; consistency.
Qualities that impede the effectiveness of professional activity: isolation; aggressiveness; irritability; rudeness, bad manners; inattention; passivity; lack of communication.
Areas of application of professional knowledge: travel companies, agencies, bureaus; international organizations, companies; hotels, restaurants; presentations, negotiations, business meetings; museums, galleries, exhibitions; educational institutions.
History of the profession
The profession of translator is one of the oldest. The need for it arose as soon as national languages \u200b\u200bthat were different from each other developed. Suffice it to recall the well-known biblical story about the Tower of Babel and how helpless people have become, ceasing to understand each other.
Several attempts have been made to create and use a universal, universal language "Esperanto". However, these attempts have not received universal recognition. After all, each language, each dialect carries a national identity, reflects the history and culture of each people. Therefore, the need for translators remains and grows with the development of international tourism and interethnic relations.
Some professions that may suit a person with this type of personality (social and entrepreneurial): lawyer; referee; social worker; salesman; insurance agent; nurse.
Educational institutions teaching this profession:
The profession of a translator can be obtained in higher educational institutions.
Moscow State University them. M. V. Lomonosov. 117234, Moscow, Leninskiye Gory. Tel. 939-13-89. Moscow State Pedagogical University. 119435, Moscow, st. M. Pirogovskaya, 1. Tel. 932-47-53, 246-60-11. Moscow City Pedagogical University. Moscow, passage 2nd Agricultural, 4. Tel. 181-77-21, 181-66-05. Moscow State Open Pedagogical Institute. 109004, Moscow, st. Upper Radishchevskaya, 18. Tel. 376-03-31, 227-20-53. Moscow State Linguistic University. 119034, Moscow, st. Ostozhenka, 38. Tel. 245-06-12,245-02-02.
