Occupational Safety Instructions! Legal Requirements and Best Practices! Requirements for labor protection at the end of work.

The instruction on labor protection is normative document establishing safety requirements when performing work in industrial premises, on the territory of the enterprise, on construction

TOURISM COMMITTEE OF THE MOSCOW REGION

On approval of instructions in the field of labor protection

According to

I order:

approve the attached:

Instruction on labor protection at;

Instructions on labor protection when working on multifunctional devices, copiers and other office equipment;

Instruction on labor protection for administrative and managerial personnel, specialists and employees.

Head of the Tourism Committee

Moscow region in the rank of minister

N.V. Galkina

APPROVED

for tourism of the Moscow region

in the rank of minister

Instruction on labor protection when working on a personal computer (IOT-1)

1 area of ​​use

1.1. This instruction on labor protection (hereinafter - IOT-1) regulates the basic requirements for the safe performance of work and is intended for conducting primary at the workplace, repeated briefings on labor protection for employees who use in their work constantly or periodically Personal Computer(hereinafter referred to as the PC), employed at the PC for at least half of their working time.

1.2. IOT-1 requirements are mandatory for the employee.

1.3. In accordance with Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation

1.4. In accordance with, the employee is obliged:

2.1. Persons who have passed a preliminary medical examination are allowed to work independently on a personal computer.

The following persons are allowed to directly work with a personal computer:

without medical contraindications. From the time of pregnancy, women are transferred to work not related to the use of a PC, or the time for working with a PC is limited for them (no more than 3 hours per work shift), subject to the hygiene requirements established by the Sanitary Rules;

who have passed the initial briefing at the workplace, who have passed the annual briefing and the assignment of the first qualification group in electrical safety.

2.2. Dangerous and harmful production factors when performing work on a personal computer are:

a) physical:

increased levels of electromagnetic radiation;

increased levels of x-rays;

increased levels of ultraviolet radiation;

increased level of infrared radiation;

increased levels of static electricity;

increased levels of dust in the air of the working area;

increased content of positive aerophones in the air of the working area;

reduced content of negative aerophones in the air of the working area;

low or high humidity in the working area;

reduced or increased air mobility of the working area;

increased noise level;

increased or decreased illumination level;

increased level of direct brilliance;

increased level of reflected brilliance;

increased level of blindness;

uneven distribution of brightness in the field of view;

increased brightness of the light image;

increased level of pulsation of the light flux;

increased voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body;

b) psychophysiological:

eye strain;

tension of attention;

intellectual loads;

emotional stress;

long static loads;

monotony of work;

a large amount of information processed per unit of time;

irrational organization of the workplace.

All PCs (video monitors) must have a hygiene certificate, including, among other things, an assessment of visual parameters.

2.3. It is forbidden to carry out repairs of personal computers directly in the working premises.

2.4. Premises where workplaces with a PC are located are equipped with protective grounding (zeroing) in accordance with technical requirements for operation.

2.5. In relation to the light openings, workstations with a PC should be located so that natural light falls from the side, mainly from the left.

2.6. The working chair (armchair) must be up and swivel and adjustable in height and angle of inclination of the seat and back, as well as the distance of the back from the front edge of the seat, while the adjustment of each parameter must be independent, easy to carry out and have a secure fit.

2.7. The screen of the video monitor should be at an optimal distance of 600-700 mm from the user's eyes, but not closer than 500 mm, taking into account the size of alphanumeric characters and symbols.

2.8. In rooms with a personal computer, wet cleaning should be carried out daily.

2.9. Premises with a personal computer should be equipped with a first aid kit and carbon dioxide fire extinguishers.

2.10. The keyboard should be placed on the table surface at a distance of 100-300 mm from the edge facing the user, or on a special height-adjustable work surface, separate from the main tabletop.

2.11. The duration of continuous work with a personal computer without regulated breaks should not exceed 2 hours.

2.12. During regulated breaks, in order to reduce neuro-emotional stress, fatigue of the visual analyzer, and prevent the development of fatigue, it is advisable to perform sets of special exercises according to Appendix 1.

2.13. In order to reduce negative influence monotony, it is advisable to apply the alternation of meaningful input of text and numerical data (changing the content of the work), the alternation of text editing and data entry.

2.14. In cases where visual discomfort and other adverse subjective sensations occur among those working with a PC, despite compliance with the sanitary and hygienic, ergonomic requirements of work and rest regimes, an individual approach should be applied in limiting the time of work with a PC, correcting the duration of breaks for rest, or changing activities to other, not related to the use of a personal computer.

3.1. Before starting work, you must:

inspect and fix workplace;

adjust the illumination at the workplace, make sure that there is sufficient illumination, no reflections on the screen, no oncoming light flux;

check the correct connection of the equipment to the mains;

make sure that there is a protective ground and that the shield conductor is connected to the processor case;

wipe the surface of the screen and protective filter with a special cloth;

check the correct installation of the chair (chair), the position of the equipment, the angle of the screen, the position of the keyboard and, if necessary, adjust the working chair, as well as the location of the computer elements in order to eliminate uncomfortable postures, prolonged stress and in accordance with the requirements of ergonomics.

3.2. When turning on the computer, the employee must follow the following sequence of turning on the equipment:

turn on the power supply;

turn on peripheral devices (printer, monitor, scanner, etc.);

turn on the system unit (processor).

3.3. It is forbidden to start work if a hardware malfunction is detected, there is no protective grounding of computer devices.

3.4. To reduce the impact of harmful factors, it is recommended:

prepare the workplace in such a way as to exclude uncomfortable postures and prolonged stress;

eliminate screen glare.

The wall or any surface behind the display should be lit at about the same rate as the screen.

The distance from adjacent terminals must be at least 1.2 m.

The center of the image on the display should be at a height of 0.7-1.2 m from the floor level.

3.5. Inspect the workplace and remove foreign objects.

4.1. The employee during work must:

perform only the work that has been assigned to him and for which he has been instructed;

keep all ventilation openings of the devices open;

if it is necessary to stop work for some time, correctly close all active tasks;

observe the rules for operating the equipment in accordance with the operating instructions;

when working with textual information, choose the most physiological mode for representing black characters on a white background;

comply with the regulated work breaks established by the working hours and perform the recommended eye exercises in accordance with Appendix 1;

observe the distance from the eyes to the screen within 60-80 cm.

4.2. An employee during work is prohibited from:

touch the monitor screen and keyboard at the same time;

touch the back panel of the system unit (processor) when the power is on;

switching connectors of interface cables of peripheral devices when the power is on;

clutter the top panels of devices with papers and foreign objects;

perform power off during the execution of an active task;

make frequent power changes;

allow moisture to get on the surface of the system unit (processor), monitor, working surface of the keyboard, disk drives, printers and other devices;

turn on heavily chilled (brought from the street in winter) equipment;

to independently open and repair equipment.

4.3. One of the preferred modes of operation is: 40-45 min. work on the computer and 15-20 min. break.

4.4. During continuous operation, the screen should be in the center of the field of view, the documents should be placed on the left on the table or on the music rest in the same plane with the screen.

5.1. The employee is obliged:

in all cases of detecting breaks in the power wires, grounding faults and other damage to electrical equipment, the appearance of a burning smell, immediately turn off the power and report the emergency to the immediate supervisor, representative of the engineering service of the organization providing services for maintenance computer technology, office and network equipment;

upon detection of a person under voltage, immediately release him from the action of the current by turning off the power supply and, before the doctor arrives, provide the victim with the first medical care;

in case of any failure in the operation of technical equipment or software immediately call a representative of the engineering and technical service of an organization providing maintenance services for computer equipment, office and network equipment;

in case of pain in the eyes, a sharp deterioration in visibility - the inability to focus or focus on sharpness, pain in the fingers and hands, increased heart rate, immediately leave the workplace, report the incident to the work manager and consult a doctor;

in the event of a fire in the equipment, turn off the power and take measures to extinguish the fire using a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher, call the fire brigade (by phone 112) and report the incident to the work manager.

5.2. In the event of a power failure, stop working. Do not try to find out and eliminate the cause yourself. Remember that tension can also appear unexpectedly.

5.3. In case of fire or fire, remember that electrical installations should be extinguished with a carbon dioxide fire extinguisher to avoid electric shock.

5.4. When creating an emergency situation, the employee is obliged to: stop work, warn employees about the danger, notify the immediate supervisor of the work.

5.5. In the event of an accident at work, the employee must be able to provide first aid to the victim, call ambulance by phone 112 (if necessary, accompany him to the medical center); immediately notify the immediate supervisor of the work, maintain the situation at the workplace in which the accident occurred, and do not start work until the dangerous situation is eliminated.

6.1. Upon completion of work, the employee must observe the following sequence of turning off the equipment:

close all active tasks;

turn off the power of the system unit (processor);

turn off the power of all peripheral devices;

turn off the power supply.

6.2. Upon completion of work, it is necessary to inspect and tidy the workplace.

Appendix 1. Complexes of exercises for the eyes

Attachment 1

work on a personal computer

Exercises are performed while sitting or standing, turning away from the screen, with rhythmic breathing, with a maximum amplitude of eye movement.

Option 1

1. Close your eyes, strongly straining your eye muscles, at the expense of 1-4, then open your eyes, relaxing the muscles of the eyes, look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

2. Look at the bridge of your nose and hold your gaze at the expense of 1-4. Do not bring your eyes to fatigue. Then open your eyes, look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

3. Without turning your head, look to the right and fix your eyes on the count 1-4, then look into the distance directly on the count 1-6. Exercises are carried out in a similar way, but with fixation of the gaze to the left, up and down. Repeat 3-4 times.

4. Move your gaze quickly diagonally: right up-left down, then straight into the distance at the expense of 1-6; then left up right down and look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

Option 2

1. Close your eyes, without straining the eye muscles, at the expense of 1-4, open your eyes wide and look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

2. Look at the tip of the nose for a count of 1-4, and then look into the distance for a count of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

3. Without turning your head (head straight), make slowly circular movements with your eyes up-right-down-left and in the opposite direction: up-left-down-right. Then look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

4. With a motionless head, move the gaze with fixing it to the count 1-4 up, to the count 1-6 straight; then in the same way down-straight, right-straight, left-straight. Make a movement diagonally in one direction and the other with the translation of the eyes directly to the account 1-6. Repeat 3-4 times.

Option 3

1. Keep your head straight. Blink, without straining the eye muscles, at the expense of 10-15.

2. Without turning your head (head straight) with your eyes closed, look to the right for a count of 1-4, then to the left for a count of 1-4 and straight for a count of 1-6. Raise your eyes up to a count of 1-4, lower them down to a count of 1-4 and look directly at a count of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

3. Look at the index finger, at a distance of 25-30 cm from the eyes, at the expense of 1-4, then look away at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 4-5 times.

4. At an average pace, do 3-4 circular movements to the right side, the same amount to the left side and, having relaxed the eye muscles, look into the distance at the expense of 1-6. Repeat 1-2 times.

Appendix 2. Principles of correct and safe work on a personal computer

Appendix 2

to the Instruction on labor protection when

work on a personal computer

Principle 1. Correct working posture:

throughout the entire time of work, it is necessary to ensure that your body occupies an optimal ergonomic position;

do not slouch;

do not bend the spine in its lower part back;

do not sit cross-legged;

do not cross your feet;

try to maintain right angles in the elbow, hip, knee and ankle joints;

find a position of the head in which the neck gets the least tired;

adjust in accordance with this position the height of the chair, the angles of inclination;

if during the working day you have to repeatedly rise from the chair and sit down in it again, when lifting, try to keep your head and torso straight;

when sitting down, lower your body lightly and gently, do not "flop" into the chair from all over, do not injure your spine.

Principle 2. Proper breathing and relaxation:

breathe rhythmically and freely;

when sitting, be careful to keep the body in a relaxed state, especially in the forehead (eyebrows), neck, back and lower jaw;

keep your shoulders and arms relaxed;

if you feel tension in any part of the body while working, use a simple and affordable relaxation technique: take a deep breath, strain this part of the body (as much as you can), then hold your breath for 3-5 seconds;

relax on the exhale;

repeat if necessary.

Principle 3. Proper organization of the work of the visual apparatus:

blink every 3-5 seconds;

blinking is a natural way of moisturizing, cleansing the eyes, it serves to relax the facial and frontal muscles;

make sure that only the eyelids move when blinking, but in no case the face or cheeks;

keep your forehead muscles relaxed;

when working, try to see not only the screen, but also, using peripheral vision, the surrounding space, table, walls, people, etc .;

look into the distance more often; a short look into the distance every 2-3 minutes helps to relax the eye muscles;

if possible, adhere to the established sanitary norms and rules of operation;

short, but regular breaks will allow you to restore working capacity.

do not work on the keyboard continuously for more than 30 minutes;

change the nature of your work during the day;

use the opportunity to periodically get up and warm up;

warm up before long work.

APPROVED

by order of the head of the Committee

for tourism of the Moscow region

in the rank of minister

Instruction on labor protection when working on multifunctional devices, copiers and other office equipment (IOT-2)

1 area of ​​use

1.1. This instruction on labor protection (hereinafter - IOT-2) regulates the basic requirements for the safe performance of work and is intended for conducting primary at the workplace, repeated briefings on labor protection for employees using multifunctional devices, copiers and other office equipment in their work.

1.2. IOT-2 requirements are mandatory for the employee.

1.3. In accordance with article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employee who has not passed in due course briefing on labor protection, internship at the workplace and testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements, is not allowed to fulfill their job duties.

1.4. In accordance with article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employee is obliged:

conscientiously fulfill their labor duties assigned to him by the employment contract;

observe the rules of internal labor regulations;

observe labor discipline;

comply with established labor standards;

comply with the requirements for labor protection and ensuring labor safety;

take care of the property of the employer (including the property of third parties held by the employer, if the employer is responsible for the safety of this property) and other employees;

immediately inform the employer or immediate supervisor about the occurrence of a situation that poses a threat to the life and health of people, the safety of the property of the employer (including the property of third parties held by the employer, if the employer is responsible for the safety of this property).

2. General labor protection requirements

2.1. To work with the use of multifunctional devices (hereinafter referred to as MFPs), copiers and other office equipment, persons are allowed who have the qualifications appropriate for the work performed, who have passed the introductory and primary safety briefings at the workplace, trained in labor safety when working with office equipment.

2.3. For work with office electrical equipment you should study the instructions for its operation, be instructed and get the first skill group on electrical safety.

2.4. Employees performing work using MFPs, copiers, facsimile machines and other office equipment, regardless of qualifications and length of service, at least once every six months, must undergo re-instruction on labor protection.

In case of violation of labor protection requirements, with a break in work for more than 6 months, employees must undergo an unscheduled briefing.

2.5. Employees who have not been instructed on labor protection in a timely manner and do not have the first qualification group in electrical safety are not allowed to work independently.

2.6. Workers admitted to independent work must know:

regulations technical operation and safety requirements when working with office equipment;

ways of rational organization of the workplace;

sanitary and hygienic requirements for working conditions;

dangerous and harmful production factors that can have an adverse effect on humans.

2.7. An employee sent to participate in work unusual for his profession must undergo targeted training on the safe performance of upcoming work.

2.8. Employees are prohibited from using tools, fixtures and equipment, the safe handling of which they are not trained.

2.9. During work, the employee may be exposed to the following main hazardous and harmful production factors:

prolonged static tension of the muscles of the back, neck, arms and legs, which can lead to static overload;

static electricity;

moving parts of copiers;

contamination of hands with chemicals that are part of paints, powders of copiers;

insufficient illumination of the workplace;

electric current, the path of which, in the event of a short circuit to the body, can pass through the human body.

2.10. To prevent the possibility of a fire, all employees must comply with fire safety requirements themselves and prevent violations by other employees.

2.11. To prevent and prevent influenza and acute respiratory viral infections (hereinafter referred to as SARS), you should know and follow the rules of personal hygiene.

In case of illness, feeling unwell, lack of rest, you should report your condition to your immediate supervisor and seek medical attention.

2.12. If an employee witnesses an accident, he must provide first aid to the victim and report the incident to the manager.

2.13. Employees must be able to provide first aid, incl. in case of electric shock, use a first aid kit.

3. Labor protection requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work, the employee should rationally organize his workplace.

3.2. Before starting work on office equipment, it is necessary to inspect it and make sure that it is in full working order, incl. visually check that the electrical cord, plug and socket that power this equipment is in good condition.

3.3. Before starting work, you need to make sure that the lighting of the workplace is sufficient and uniform; in addition, there should be no sharp shadows, and all objects should be clearly distinguishable.

4. Labor protection requirements during work

4.1. The employee must include office equipment in the work in the sequence determined by the operating instructions.

4.2. To connect office equipment to the electrical network, you must use the power cord supplied with the equipment; homemade electrical cords should not be used for this purpose.

4.3. In order to reduce visual and musculoskeletal fatigue, the established regime of work and rest should be observed.

4.4. All work on copiers must be carried out in accordance with the operating instructions.

Copiers must be equipped with a flexible cord with a working plug.

4.5. Copiers that have any defects or malfunctions that affect labor safety should not be allowed to operate.

4.6. To avoid the possibility of fire, do not allow the accumulation of paper dust on the structural elements of copiers.

4.7. To avoid fire in the room where copying and duplicating work is carried out, it is forbidden to smoke and use open electric heaters.

4.8. To avoid cases of electrical injury, perform any work, incl. for the maintenance of copying equipment, which is energized by the electrical network is prohibited.

5. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

5.4. In case of an accident at work, the employee must be able to provide first aid to the victim, call an ambulance by calling 112 (if necessary, accompany him to the medical center); immediately notify the immediate supervisor of the work, maintain the situation at the workplace in which the accident occurred, and do not start work until the dangerous situation is eliminated.

5.5. In the event of a fire, it is necessary to immediately inform the fire brigade, the work manager and proceed to extinguish the fire with the available fire extinguishing equipment.

5.6. Each employee, upon detecting a fire or signs of burning (smoke, burning smell, fever, etc.), is obliged to immediately notify the fire brigade by calling 112.

6. Labor protection requirements at the end of work

6.1. At the end of work, the employee must turn off the equipment.

6.2. Tidy up the workplace, remove the documentation.

APPROVED

by order of the head of the Committee

for tourism of the Moscow region

in the rank of minister

Instruction on labor protection for administrative and managerial personnel, specialists and employees (IOT-3)

1 area of ​​use

1.1. This instruction on labor protection (hereinafter - IOT-3) regulates the basic requirements for the safe performance of work and is intended for conducting primary at the workplace, repeated briefings on labor protection for administrative and managerial personnel, specialists and employees.

1.2. IOT-3 requirements are mandatory for the employee.

1.3. In accordance with Article 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, an employee who has not been instructed in the prescribed manner in labor protection, an internship at the workplace and a test of knowledge of labor protection requirements is not allowed to perform his job duties.

1.4. In accordance with article 21 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employee is obliged:

conscientiously fulfill their labor duties assigned to him by the employment contract;

observe the rules of internal labor regulations;

observe labor discipline;

comply with established labor standards;

comply with the requirements for labor protection and ensuring labor safety;

take care of the property of the employer (including the property of third parties held by the employer, if the employer is responsible for the safety of this property) and other employees;

immediately inform the employer or immediate supervisor about the occurrence of a situation that poses a threat to the life and health of people, the safety of the property of the employer (including the property of third parties held by the employer, if the employer is responsible for the safety of this property).

2. General labor protection requirements

2.1. This instruction has been developed for administrative and managerial personnel, specialists and employees (hereinafter referred to as the employee).

2.2. An employee is allowed to work independently after passing:

introductory briefing on labor protection;

initial briefing at the workplace, conducted by the head of the structural unit;

training in safe working methods;

teaching elementary rules of electrical safety, testing knowledge of electrical safety.

2.3. The employee is obliged to know and comply with the Official Regulations of the Committee for Tourism of the Moscow Region, instructions for labor protection, fire safety rules.

2.4. The employee must perform his duties during working hours in accordance with the job description.

2.5. An employee operating electrical equipment in the performance of work duties must:

have an elementary familiarity with the electrical equipment in operation (know the operating instructions, the place and methods of connecting and disconnecting electrical equipment, grounding, grounding, etc.);

know the basic precautions for labor protection, observe organizational and technical measures when performing work;

have a clear idea of ​​the danger of electric shock and the danger of approaching live parts (dangerous voltage, dangerous current, electrical safety classification of the room, ground resistance value);

have practical skills in providing first aid to victims of electric current.

During the operation of electrical equipment, a dangerous production factor is electric current. The maximum permissible value of alternating current is 0.3 mA. With an increase in current to 0.6-1.6 mA, a person begins to feel its effect.

The factors that determine the degree of electric shock are the strength of the current, the duration of the impact of the electric current on a person, the place of contact and the path of penetration of the current, the condition of the skin, the electrical resistance of the body, the physiological state of the body.

Types of electric shock:

electric shock (paralysis of the heart and breathing);

thermal burn (electrical burn);

skin electroplating; technical damage;

electrophthalmia (inflammation of the eyes due to the action of an electric current).

2.6. Smoking is prohibited at workplaces, and is allowed only in specially designated and equipped smoking areas.

2.7. The employee must comply with fire safety regulations. Blocking and littering of premises, passages, driveways is not allowed.

3. Labor protection requirements before starting work

3.1. Before starting work on electrical equipment, an employee must:

examine the equipment (personal computer, multifunctional device, copiers and other office equipment, hereinafter referred to as equipment);

check the serviceability of the cable (cord) by external inspection.

3.2. If defects are found in the equipment, equipment malfunctions, the employee is obliged to inform his manager about this and not to operate the faulty electrical equipment.

Start work only after eliminating malfunctions or equipment malfunctions.

3.3. Turn on the equipment by inserting a working plug into a working socket for household appliances.

3.4. The employee during work is obliged to maintain order in the workplace.

3.5. When working with electrical equipment, it is prohibited:

leave switched on electrical equipment without supervision (if this is not provided for in the operating instructions);

delegate work on the equipment to persons who do not have the right to work with it;

strike electrical equipment; pull the lead wire to turn it off; pull, twist and bend the supply cable; put foreign objects on the cable (cord);

allow the cable (cord) to touch hot or warm objects.

3.6. The employee is obliged to perform on electrical equipment only the work for which the electrical equipment is intended. If during operation a malfunction of electrical equipment is detected or the person working with it feels at least a slight effect of the current, work must be immediately stopped and the faulty electrical equipment must be handed over for inspection or repair.

3.7. Switching off electrical equipment must be done:

during a break in work;

at the end of the workflow.

3.8. The employee must turn off the electrical equipment by removing the serviceable plug from the serviceable outlet.

The worker must ensure that switching on the equipment does not endanger anyone.

4. Labor protection requirements during work

4.1. An employee of the organization during work must:

perform only the work that is defined by his job description, which he was entrusted with and in which he was instructed;

during the whole working time to keep the workplace in order and cleanliness;

keep open the ventilation openings with which devices and equipment are equipped;

do not clutter up the equipment with foreign objects that reduce heat transfer;

comply with sanitary standards and observe work and rest regimes;

follow the rules for the operation of electrical equipment in accordance with the operating instructions;

observe the established working hours, regulated work breaks and perform the recommended exercises for the eyes during physical education breaks.

4.2. When operating electrical equipment, electrical appliances and lighting networks, an employee is prohibited from:

use cables and wires with damaged or lost insulation properties;

leave energized electrical wires and cables with uninsulated ends;

use damaged sockets, junction boxes, knife switches and other wiring accessories;

tie and twist electrical wires, as well as pull wires and lamps, hang lamps (except for open lamps), etc. on electrical wires;

use rollers, switches, plug sockets for hanging clothes and other items, as well as seal sections of the electrical wire with paper;

to wrap electric lamps with paper, cloth and other combustible materials;

use broken switches, sockets, cartridges and other faulty electrical fittings;

use non-standard (self-made) electric heaters for the purposes of space heating.

allow the workplace to be cluttered with paper in order to prevent the accumulation of organic dust;

turn on heavily chilled (brought from the street in winter) electrical equipment;

to independently open and repair electrical equipment;

clutter up the escape route with furniture, equipment and other items.

4.3. Do not allow untrained and unauthorized persons to work.

4.4. Follow the rules for moving in office premises, use only the established passages.

While moving around the territory and production premises, the employee must be careful not to be distracted from the performance of his duties.

4.5. To prevent electrical injuries, do not step on electrical cables or cords while walking.

4.6. Do not use random objects (boxes, barrels, etc.), equipment for sitting.

5. Labor protection requirements in emergency situations

5.1. If any malfunctions in the operation of office equipment are found, it is necessary to stop working, turn off the machine and inform the immediate supervisor, a representative of the engineering and technical service of the organization providing maintenance services for computer equipment, office and network equipment.

5.2. The employee should not fix the technical problems of the equipment himself.

5.3. When creating an emergency situation, the employee is obliged to: stop working; warn other workers of the danger; notify the immediate supervisor.

5.4. In case of an accident at work, the employee must be able to provide first aid to the victim, call an ambulance by phone (if necessary, accompany him to the medical center); immediately notify the immediate supervisor of the work, maintain the situation at the workplace in which the accident occurred, and do not start work until the dangerous situation is eliminated.

5.5. In the event of a fire, it is necessary to immediately inform the fire brigade, the work manager and start extinguishing the source of fire with the available fire extinguishing means (using a fire extinguisher, internal fire water supply, fire extinguishing installation, etc.).

5.6. Each employee, upon detecting a fire or signs of burning (smoke, burning smell, temperature increase, etc.), is obliged to immediately notify the fire brigade by phone.

6. Occupational safety requirements during a local business trip

An employee performing his duties on a local business trip must:

6.1. When walking:

rules must be followed traffic for a pedestrian

when crossing motorways it is necessary to use pedestrian bridges and tunnels;

in the absence of pedestrian bridges and tunnels, cross roadways at a green traffic light signal at a designated zebra crossing;

in the absence of engineering structures or traffic lights, standing on the side of the road or on the sidewalk, assess the distance to approaching vehicles, the conditions for crossing the road and cross the road in a perpendicular direction in the absence of transport and the safety of the crossing;

railroad tracks to pass through pedestrian tunnels and bridges;

6.2. When driving a company car:

when using a company car equipped with a seat belt, the employee must be fastened with it;

the employee is obliged to get into and out of the company car from the sidewalk or curb, landing from the side of the carriageway is possible provided that it is safe and does not interfere with other traffic participants.

when driving in a company car or in another vehicle, an employee is prohibited from distracting the driver from driving while the vehicle is moving and opening the vehicle doors while it is moving.

7. Occupational safety requirements during a local business trip

7.1. Tidy up the workplace, remove documentation, etc.

7.2. Notify your immediate supervisor of all comments, malfunctions of equipment and equipment identified in the course of work.

7.3. At the end of work, the employee must turn off office equipment.

Electronic text of the document

Hello friends! I invite you to read an interesting article by our colleague and part-time active subscriber Artyom Vlasenko. It will be, as you may have guessed from the title, about labor protection instructions in the context of legal requirements and best practices. Artyom's note was highly appreciated in our official VK group, and so will you. Before publishing on the site, I added something about the approval of the instructions, otherwise all the information is from Artyom.

Let's deal with the basics of labor protection, namely with the instructions for labor protection, an experienced specialist will naturally ask himself the question, what is there to understand? Everything is elementary! A beginner will naturally become interested, and will try to find answers for himself to many questions on this topic that have tormented him more than once. But even experienced specialists may find something useful for themselves, but for beginners it will be a must-read material.

So, let's start with the basics, what is an occupational safety instruction? This is a local regulatory legal act of the employer containing labor protection requirements.

Now let's turn to the legislation, what does it tell us about labor protection instructions? In this matter, the law does not really tell us much. The Labor Code of the Russian Federation, within the framework of Article 212, obliges the employer: to develop and approve the rules and instructions for labor protection, taking into account the opinion of the trade union of the organization or the authorized worker for labor protection in the organization. Familiarize employees with labor protection requirements. That's all mandatory requirements concerning instructions on labor protection, unfortunately or fortunately come to an end.

Let's summarize the requirements:

1. Instructions on labor protection in the organization should be.

2. Labor protection instructions are approved by the employer.

3. Labor protection instructions are agreed with the trade union or with an authorized labor protection worker.

4. The employee must be familiar with the instruction on labor protection.

Few specifics, right? After all, a number of questions immediately arise, and who should develop instructions for labor protection in an organization? What if there is no trade union or authorized worker? How many and what instructions should be in the organization?

About everything in order. Who specifically should develop instructions for labor protection? The employer must answer this question, it is his will and competence. It turns out that the employer himself determines who will develop labor protection instructions, and for many employers, nothing better comes to mind than to puzzle a labor protection specialist with this question, which from a certain point of view is quite a logical decision, but still wrong. Instructions on labor protection, as a rule, are developed by type of work or by profession, based on this, how a labor protection specialist can formulate and set out in the form of an instruction on labor protection specific requirements for the profession, especially regarding the operation of complex technical devices, and all work usually comes down to rewriting intersectoral labor protection rules into instructions. Now let's look at a more correct option. The instruction on labor protection should be developed jointly with a labor protection specialist, as well as with responsible managers and employees, but the developer of the instruction who will put his signature should be the manager or specialist who has competence in the area for which the instruction was developed. The development work should be carried out collegially, the labor protection specialist in this regard should serve as an assistant to the others, correct errors, evaluate legal requirements for the process and profession.

Now let's answer the question of what and how many instructions an organization should have. Here again, the employer is given freedom of choice, but as a rule, instructions are developed by profession or type of work, which simplifies and systematizes this process, but still contains a number of disadvantages, since the number of professions can be limited to a dozen, but the types of work can be hundreds, and the question arises, what, to draw up an instruction on labor protection during operation, for example, an electric kettle? Of course not, here you need to approach the issue with common sense, by expert means collectively determine the most dangerous types of work in the organization, as well as professions for which it is mandatory to develop instructions for labor protection, this list can be fixed by order of the organization.

What about union approval? If he is not in the organization or there is no authorized employee for labor protection in the organization? Since the creation of a trade union and the appointment of an authorized worker is the right of employees, and not the obligation of the employer, the organization may legally not have them. In such cases, it is advisable to make a note in the instruction that at the time of approval of this instruction, the trade union has not been created, and the authorized worker for labor protection in the organization has not been selected.

How should OSH instructions be approved? The answer to this question is, if not in all rules on labor protection, then in relatively new and not yet cooled down after the publication of rules with approximately the following wording: on the basis of the Rules, the employer develops instructions for labor protection, which are approved by the local regulatory act of the employer, taking into account views of the relevant trade union body or another representative body authorized by employees (if any). The local normative act is the order on the approval and introduction of labor protection instructions.

How to familiarize yourself with the instruction on labor protection? In this matter, there is again freedom of choice, since this process is not specified, but the generally accepted practice is a sheet of familiarization with the instruction on labor protection, this allows you to confirm the familiarization of a particular employee, at a particular point in time, with a certain instruction on labor protection, which will help us , let's say, within the framework of an accident investigation, to confirm that the employee saw the instruction, read it and studied the requirements, which he confirmed with his signature on the sheet.

For how long is the instruction developed and when to make changes to it? The generally accepted period is traditionally considered to be 5 years from the date of approval of the instruction, but this is just a recommendation. The instruction on labor protection can be valid from the moment it is approved by the employer until the moment it is officially canceled by the same employer at any time, the time frame is not established by law, but with the introduction of new equipment, new technological processes, as well as new legislation, changes to the instruction on protection labor must be contributed.

How to make changes to the instructions? In this matter, we again have freedom of choice: you can issue new edition instructions and re-approved by the employer, you can make changes to the text of the existing one and issue it with an order for the organization, but here again the employer’s obligation to familiarize himself with the requirements of labor protection arises, since they have been changed, which means again draw up a familiarization sheet.

We have dealt with the main issues. Now it is worth turning to the good practice of organizations. In most cases, labor protection specialists use the Guidelines for the development of labor protection instructions approved by the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation on May 13, 2004. Many labor protection specialists mistakenly believe that the requirements of this document are mandatory and strictly follow the requirements of this document. The above recommendations are a good enough guide to how to develop instructions, but still for most they contain redundant information, turning labor protection instructions into a document with more than a dozen pages, which leads to inefficiency, since workers simply cannot absorb such a volume of information, which for the most part is repeated in each instruction, and does not carry practical benefits. In this regard, the specialist should clearly understand why and what information should be set out in the labor protection instructions and not overload this document with unnecessary requirements.

What data and information should be used when developing instructions for labor protection?

When developing instructions, the following information should be taken into account and used:

• Intersectoral, sectoral, standard and other rules on labor protection.
• Standard instructions for labor protection.
• Equipment manufacturer's instructions.
• State standards (GOSTs).
• Sanitary rules and regulations.
• Measures taken as a result of investigations into accidents at work.
• Risk assessment results.
• Results of the investigation of accidents, incidents, cases of first aid (microtrauma) *.
• Information from passports* and documentation for chemical substances used in the technological process.
• Norms for the issuance of PPE and instructions for the use of PPE.
• *GOST 30333-2007 Safety data sheet chemical products. General requirements.
• *GOST R 54934-2012/OHSAS 18001:2007 Occupational safety and health management systems. Requirements. clause 3.9.

Visualized model of the information used in the development of labor protection instructions

It is good practice to use words that have the meaning of a direct prohibition of certain actions, as well as an explanation of why such a prohibition is established.

Let's take an example.

Wrong version of the wording of the prohibition:

It is not allowed to mount or dismantle scaffolding and scaffolding at a height of open places with a wind force of 10 m/s or more, as well as with heavy snowfall, rain, thunderstorm or ice.

Correct option:

It is forbidden to mount or dismantle scaffolding and scaffolding at a height in open places with a wind speed of 10 m/s or more, as well as during heavy snowfall, rain, thunderstorms or ice, this can lead to destruction of structures and injuries to workers.

It is also good practice to use visualization and highlight important information, as well as combining it with safety signs. Consider this example:

Such blocks, combined with safety signs, as well as highlighting with appropriate colors, draw the attention of the employee to the most important and significant safety rules.

One of the good practices that have come down to us since the days of the USSR are brief extracts from labor protection instructions, such extracts are usually placed near the equipment, and they set out the basic safety rules for handling equipment.

An example of an extract from an instruction on labor protection with visualized blocks

There are also modern solutions that have come to us with the advent and spread of mobile devices, such as tablets and smartphones. Many companies use corporate equipment issued to employees, with the help of which they diagnose equipment, and can also fill out checklists. These devices provide instant access to electronic versions various labor protection instructions and other local regulations of the employer. One of the good practices is also considered to be the placement of QR (Quick Response) codes, for example, on equipment, with a link to labor protection instructions, and the employee, at any time, using a mobile device, can get instant access to information and refresh his knowledge.

An example of placing a QR code on equipment

The application of such practices will significantly improve the quality of labor protection instructions, as well as allow employees to receive prompt information about the safe operation of equipment.

That's all.

If you liked the article, then do not skimp on the rating stars, they rightfully belong to Artyom Vlasenko. Feedback in the comments is also very welcome.

To be continued …

This labor protection instruction for administrative and managerial personnel is available for free viewing and downloading.

1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION

1.1. This instruction establishes the requirements for labor protection in the performance of official duties by the administrative and managerial personnel of the organization in all structural divisions, offices and workplaces.
1.2. Persons with vocational training corresponding to the position held, in the absence of medical contraindications to admission to the profession, after passing an introductory briefing on labor protection, initial briefing at the workplace and, if necessary, after training and testing knowledge of labor safety requirements.
1.3. When an employee performs the duties of administrative and managerial personnel, the following harmful and dangerous production factors are possible:
- increased levels of electromagnetic, soft X-ray, ultraviolet and infrared radiation when working with a PC or damage in the circuit of zero protective conductors;
- an increased level of static electricity in case of damage in the circuit of zero protective conductors;
- dangerous voltage in the electrical circuit, the closure of which is possible if the insulation of the electrical wiring, electrical power cords, connecting cables and insulating cases of the PC, PC peripherals, office equipment, air conditioners and other equipment are damaged;
— moving parts of PC peripherals and office equipment;
- increased or decreased air temperature in the workplace;
— increased humidity and air mobility;
- increased content of positive and reduced content of negative air ions when working with a PC and electrophotocopying equipment;
- insufficient illumination of the working area;
- physical overload due to a long stay in an uncomfortable working position;
- neuropsychic and emotional overload;
- overvoltage of visual analyzers;
- Faulty furniture or its inconvenient location;
- falling objects from a height (from cabinets, shelves);
- sliding on a floor clogged with scraps of paper or not wiped dry after washing the floor, as a result of which a possible fall to the floor and getting bruises on standing furniture is not excluded;
- the occurrence of fires and poisoning by combustion products;
- other unfavorable factors.
1.4. Each employee of the administrative and managerial staff is obliged to:
1.4.1. Perform only those types of work that correspond to his qualifications, are provided for by job descriptions and instructions of his managers, which do not contradict the requirements of labor legislation and labor protection, as well as the requirements of local documents in force in the organization.
1.4.2. Know and follow the operating instructions to the extent necessary computer science and office equipment available at their workplace, and other tools and devices used in the work (fax machines, copiers, paper shredders, laminators, etc.).
1.4.3. Fulfill the requirements of their official and production instructions, instructions on labor protection and fire safety measures, internal labor regulations.
1.4.4. Use in work only for its intended purpose and only serviceable furniture, fixtures, office equipment and other workplace equipment.
1.4.5. Do not allow foreign objects to interfere with work at your workplace.
1.4.6. Do not allow unauthorized persons to be present at your workplace without production necessity.
1.4.7. Know how to provide first aid.
1.4.8. be able to use primary means firefighting.
1.4.9. Observe the rules of personal hygiene.
1.4.10. Report any concerns to your immediate supervisor.
1.5. Working time, the established breaks in work, the time for a break for rest and eating are determined by the internal labor regulations in force in the organization and instructions on labor protection.
1.6. Employee protection means are:
- protective insulation of wires and cables, current-carrying parts of equipment and parts of equipment that may be energized;
- hinged or built-in protective filter of the PC screen.
For work on a PC it is recommended to use special spectral glasses.
1.7. Each case of an accident, industrial injury, as well as cases of violation of labor protection requirements must be analyzed or investigated in order to identify their causes and take measures to prevent them in the future.
1.8. The employee bears disciplinary and financial responsibility in accordance with his job descriptions and current legislation for:
1.8.1. Non-compliance job descriptions and instructions for labor protection, fire safety requirements and industrial sanitation if it could lead or has led to an accident, accident or fire and damage to the enterprise or individuals.
1.8.2. Failure to comply with internal labor regulations.

2. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. An employee performing the duties of administrative and managerial personnel, before starting work, must:
2.1.1. Remove from the workplace foreign objects and objects that are not required for the current work (boxes, bags, folders, books, etc.).
2.1.2. Make sure by visual inspection that there are no mechanical damages to power cords and housings of office equipment, as well as that there are no mechanical damages to electrical wiring and other cables, electrical sockets, electrical switches, lamps, air conditioners and other equipment.
2.1.3. Check whether the furniture is in good condition and conveniently located, whether the equipment of the workplace and the materials necessary for work are conveniently placed on the desktop, whether the approaches to the workplaces are free.
2.1.4. In case of detection of damage and malfunctions of the PC, peripheral devices, office equipment, furniture, accessories, electrical wiring and other cables, electrical sockets, electrical switches, lamps, air conditioners and other equipment, do not turn on the equipment, do not start work, call technical personnel and inform your direct supervisor.
2.1.5. Check if the work area is adequately lit. In case of insufficient illumination, it is necessary to organize local lighting, and arrange local lighting fixtures so that when performing work, the light source does not blind the eyes of both the worker and those around him.

3. HEALTH REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. An employee performing the duties of administrative and managerial personnel during work is obliged to:
3.1.1. Keep the workplace clean and tidy, avoid cluttering it with documents.
3.1.2. Keep free passages to workplaces, do not clutter up the equipment with objects that reduce the heat transfer of office equipment and other equipment.
3.1.3. Monitor the serviceability of office equipment and other equipment, follow the rules for their operation and labor protection instructions for the relevant types of work.
3.1.4. In case of a long absence from the workplace, disconnect office equipment and other equipment from the mains, with the exception of equipment designated for round-the-clock operation (fax machines, network servers, etc.).
3.1.5. Be attentive, do not get distracted and do not distract others.
3.1.6. In the event of a paper sheet (tape) jamming in the output devices, before removing the sheet (ribbon), stop the process and disconnect the device from the mains, call technical personnel or inform your immediate supervisor about this.
3.1.7. Disconnect office equipment and other equipment from the mains, only holding on to the plug of the power connector.
3.1.8. Do not pull, twist, kink or pinch the power supply cords of the equipment, wires and cables, do not allow any objects to be placed on them and come into contact with heated surfaces.
3.1.9. During breaks in work established for physical culture exercises, perform recommended exercises for the eyes, neck, arms, torso, legs.
3.1.10. Avoid moisture on the surface of the PC, peripheral devices and other equipment. Do not wipe with a damp or wet cloth equipment that is energized (when the plug of the power cord plug is plugged into the socket).
3.2. During work it is not allowed:
3.2.1. Touch moving parts of office equipment and other equipment.
3.2.2. Work with removed and damaged casings of office equipment and other equipment.
3.2.3. Work in low-light workplace.
3.2.4. Touch the elements of office equipment and other equipment with wet hands.
3.2.5. Switch interface cables, open cases of office equipment and other equipment and independently repair them.
3.2.6. Use homemade electrical appliances and electrical appliances that are not related to the performance of production duties.

4. REQUIREMENTS FOR LABOR PROTECTION IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS

4.1. In the event of an emergency, an employee must:
4.1.1. Immediately stop work, disconnect office equipment and other electrical equipment from the mains and report the occurrence of an emergency and its nature to the immediate supervisor, and in his absence - to the senior manager; if necessary, leave the danger zone.
4.1.2. Under the guidance of the immediate supervisor, take part in the liquidation of the emergency situation, if this does not pose a threat to the health or life of workers.
4.1.3. In the event of malfunctions in the operation of office equipment or other equipment, as well as in the event of malfunctions in the operation of the electrical network (the smell of burning, extraneous noise during the operation of office equipment and other equipment, or the sensation of an electric current when touching their cases, flashing lamps, etc. .) disconnect office equipment and other equipment from the mains, call technical staff and inform your immediate supervisor about this.
4.1.4. In case of detection of malfunctions of furniture and fixtures, stop using them, call technical staff and inform your immediate supervisor about this.
4.1.5. In the event of a temporary power outage, disconnect office equipment and other electrical equipment from the mains.
4.1.6. Do not start work until the damage and malfunctions of office equipment and workplace equipment are completely eliminated or the emergency situation is eliminated.
4.1.7. In the event of a fire, it is necessary to stop work, call the fire brigade, disconnect office equipment and other equipment from the mains, notify nearby people about the fire, take measures to evacuate people from the danger zone and take part in extinguishing the fire with the available primary fire extinguishing equipment, and if it is impossible to eliminate fire, leave the danger zone, acting in accordance with fire safety instructions and evacuation plans.
4.1.8. Extinguish the fire with the help of powder or carbon dioxide fire extinguishers with the obligatory use of personal protective equipment.
4.1.9. In case of accidents at work with other workers, provide the victim with first aid, help deliver him to a health center or the nearest medical institution, if necessary, call medical workers to the scene.
4.1.10. Immediately notify your line manager of an accident that has occurred to or through the employee's fault, as well as any accident involving other employees of your own or outside organization that the employee witnessed.
4.1.11. Take measures to preserve the situation of the accident, if this is not associated with a danger to the life and health of people.
4.1.12. When investigating an accident, the employee must report all the circumstances of the incident known to him.
4.1.13. When committing terrorist acts or the threat of committing them, act in accordance with the emergency safety recommendations in force in the organization.
4.1.14. If violations of labor safety requirements are found in the office premises that cannot be eliminated on their own, as well as in the event of a threat to the life or health of the employee or other employees, inform their immediate supervisor about this, suspend work and leave the danger zone.

5. REQUIREMENTS FOR HEALTH AND SAFETY AFTER THE END OF WORK

5.1. Upon completion of work, the employee must:
5.1.1. Disconnect office equipment and other equipment from the mains, with the exception of equipment that is defined for round-the-clock operation (fax machines, network servers, etc.).

21.08.2019 12:50:00

There are quite a few professions and jobs in which certain safety measures must be observed. And the employer should teach such measures to employees. And for this it is necessary to develop a lot of instructions, which is one of the obligations of employers established Labor Code. However, such instructions are by no means available in all organizations, and sometimes they are, but they were adopted, as they say, under Tsar Pea. In the article we will tell you how and by whom instructions on labor protection are developed, how they are approved, what should be included and where to be stored.

By virtue of Art. Art. 212 and 225 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the obligation to ensure safe conditions and labor protection lies with the employer. To this end, he must first of all instruct employees on labor protection, organize training in safe methods and techniques for performing work, provide employees with protective equipment, overalls, etc.

And of course, like any other norms, all safety and labor protection rules in a single organization must be fixed in local regulations. The obligation to develop and approve the rules and instructions on labor protection for employees, along with other obligations of the employer, is directly enshrined in Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation.

And now let's figure it out. But first, we note that the Ministry of Labor approved the Guidelines for the development of instructions for labor protection on May 13, 2004 (hereinafter referred to as the Recommendations), which we will refer to further.

QUESTION:

What instructions on labor protection should be in the organization and are they needed for each employee?

Labor protection instructions are drawn up for each position, profession or type of work performed. For example, according to the position (profession), these can be “Instruction on labor protection for a loader driver”, “Instruction on labor protection for a welder”; according to the type of work performed - "Instruction on labor protection when performing loading and unloading operations", "Instruction on labor protection during sports events", "Instruction on working with a computer". These may not be instructions, but rules, for example, "Rules for working with copiers." Such acts apply to a group of employees engaged in one type of work.

In addition to instructions on the position (profession) and types of work, there may be instructions that apply to all employees of the organization, for example, “Instruction on fire safety”.

The legislation does not require that instructions be developed for each employee. This document should be developed for each position (profession), and then it will apply to all employees holding such positions.

QUESTION:

What can be used as a basis for the development of labor protection instructions?

An instruction on labor protection for an employee is developed on the basis of an intersectoral or industry standard instruction or labor protection rules. For example, Order No. 213 of December 23, 1998 of Rosleskhoz approved the Standard Instructions on Labor Protection for the main professions and types of work in forestry. For some industries, the Ministry of Labor has developed separate Methodological Recommendations, for example, on the development of labor protection instructions for the main professions and types of work in furniture production (dated 05/11/2004), for workers engaged in consumer services (dated 05/18/2004).

If there are no standard instructions, the employer develops them independently, guided by the safety requirements set forth in the operational and repair documentation of equipment manufacturers, the technological documentation of the organization, sanitary and hygienic rules. The working conditions characteristic of the relevant position or job are also taken into account.

QUESTION:

Which of the employees of the organization can the employer entrust the development of instructions? Should an occupational safety specialist do this?

According to part 2 of Art. 212 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the employer must ensure the development and approval of labor protection instructions. But as to who exactly the employer should impute this labor function, no recommendations are given. Many believe that this should be the responsibility of an occupational safety specialist.

However, in accordance with professional standard"Specialist in the field of labor protection", approved by the Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated 04.08.2014 No. 524n, the labor function of such a specialist, in particular, includes:

• interaction with representative bodies of employees on issues of working conditions and labor protection and coordination of local documentation on labor protection issues;
• revision of local regulations on labor protection in the event that new ones come into force or amendments are made to existing acts containing norms labor law;
• providing methodological assistance to the heads of structural divisions in the development of programs for training employees in safe labor methods and techniques, instructions on labor protection.

If you are guided by this Professional Standard, the development of labor protection instructions for positions and types of work should be entrusted to the heads of departments (divisions), since it is they who have complete information about labor functions his subordinates, and the labor protection inspector assists in such development. It can also be connected to legal department and personnel department. In addition, as a rule, the already developed draft instruction is officially coordinated with the labor protection inspector.

Note! Whichever employee is involved in the development of instructions, this task should be included in his job responsibilities (in labor contract, job description).

QUESTION:

What should I pay attention to when developing instructions?

When compiling an instruction on labor protection, it is recommended to adhere to the structure established by the Recommendations, in particular, to include the following sections and paragraphs in it.

1. "General requirements for labor protection." This section recommends that:

• instructions on the need to comply with internal regulations;
• requirements for the implementation of work and rest regimes;
• a list of hazardous and harmful production factors that may affect the employee in the course of work;
• a list of overalls, footwear and other personal protective equipment issued to employees in accordance with established rules and regulations;
• the procedure for notifying the administration of cases of injury to an employee and malfunction of equipment, fixtures and tools;
• personal hygiene rules that an employee must know and follow when performing work.

2. "Requirements for labor protection before starting work." In this section, you can set out the order:

• preparation of the workplace, personal protective equipment;
• checking the serviceability of equipment, fixtures and tools, fences, alarms, interlocks and other devices, protective grounding, ventilation, local lighting, etc.;
• checks of raw materials (blanks, semi-finished products);
• reception and transfer of shifts in the case of a continuous technological process and equipment operation.

• methods and techniques for the safe performance of work, the use of equipment, vehicles, lifting mechanisms, fixtures and tools;
• requirements for the safe handling of raw materials (raw materials, blanks, semi-finished products);
• instructions for the safe maintenance of the workplace;
• actions aimed at preventing emergency situations;
• requirements for the use of personal protective equipment for workers.

4. "Requirements for labor protection in emergency situations." Need to reflect:

• a list of the main possible emergencies and their causes;
• actions of employees in the event of accidents and emergencies;
• actions to provide first aid to victims of injury, poisoning and other health damage.

5. "Requirements for labor protection at the end of work." This section specifies:

• the procedure for shutting down, stopping, disassembling, cleaning and lubricating equipment, fixtures, machines, mechanisms and equipment;
• the procedure for cleaning up waste generated in the course of production activities;
• personal hygiene requirements;
• the procedure for notifying the head of work about deficiencies affecting labor safety discovered during work.

QUESTION:

What is the procedure for developing and approving labor protection instructions?

The procedure for developing and approving instructions begins with the issuance of an order by the head of the organization, which determines the list of instructions, employees responsible for the development and deadlines. Here is an example of such an order.

As a rule, the employer approves several copies of the instructions, which the labor protection service registers in a special register of labor protection instructions for employees (in the form of Appendix 2 to the Recommendations).

At the same time, one copy is kept in the labor protection service, while others are issued to the heads of structural divisions of the enterprise organization with their mandatory registration in the register for issuing labor protection instructions for employees (in the form of Appendix 3 to the Recommendations). If there is only one copy, the heads of departments are given a copy.

Employees who are subject to the provisions of the instruction must be familiarized with it against signature. For this, an acquaintance sheet is compiled or a special journal is started. In addition, copies of the instructions should be made and issued against signature to employees or placed in electronic or printed form in an accessible place for review.

Note! The employer is obliged to familiarize employees with labor protection instructions when hiring, transferring to another place of work, conducting labor protection briefings and retraining, reviewing or adopting new instructions.

QUESTION:

What is the validity period of labor protection instructions?

The validity of the labor protection instruction is five years. Rather, according to the Recommendations, after five years, the instructions should be reviewed. Their validity may be extended if the working conditions of employees have not changed over the past period, inter-sectoral and sectoral rules have not been revised and sample instructions on labor protection. The extension of the instruction is carried out by order of the employer, which is recorded on the first page of the instruction, namely, the current date, the “Revised” mark and the signature of the person responsible for the revision of the instruction, indicating his position and decoding the signature. It also indicates the period for which the instruction is extended.

If, before the expiration of the five-year period of validity of the labor protection instructions, the working conditions of employees have changed or intersectoral and sectoral rules and standard labor protection instructions have been revised, the labor protection instructions for employees must be reviewed by the employer ahead of schedule and, if necessary, new ones are approved. It is also necessary to revise the instructions ahead of schedule when introducing new equipment and technology, based on the results of the analysis of the materials of the investigation of accidents, accidents at work and occupational diseases, as well as at the request of representatives of the State Inspectorate. Speaking about the validity period of the instruction, we note that the Recommendations allow the development of temporary instructions on labor protection for employees of new and reconstructed production facilities that are being put into operation. Temporary labor protection instructions for employees ensure the safe conduct of technological processes (works) and the safe operation of equipment. They are developed for a period until the acceptance of these productions into operation.

CONCLUSION

Let us briefly recall the procedure for developing and adopting labor protection instructions for workers. First of all, the employer should determine the list of positions (professions) and types of work for which there are no instructions on labor protection or for which their revision is required. Then the employees responsible for the development and coordination of instructions are established. If the organization has a trade union, do not forget to take into account its opinion. The agreed project is approved and registered in the instruction register. And The final stage- familiarization with the approved instructions of employees and ensuring their storage.

We also note that since the obligation to develop labor protection instructions for employees is provided for by labor legislation, if it is not fulfilled, the employer may be held administratively liable. Therefore, this issue should not be neglected. Without delay, check whether you have labor protection instructions for all positions (professions) - if not, they need to be developed, and if there are, they may need to be revised.

LITERARY SOURCE

Davydova E.V. Occupational safety instructions for employees // Human Resources Department commercial organization. 2016. No. 4. S. 28-37.