State programs for sp. State Program for Small Business Development

Any state is interested in the development of entrepreneurship. An increase in the number of active small enterprises causes an improvement in the quality of life of citizens and an increase in economic indicators in general. In addition, huge corporations cannot quickly respond to changes in the market situation and are unable to meet the changing needs of the population in time.

Support for small businesses 2018, state programs to promote private entrepreneurship is a fairly common practice in Western countries. Most often, the authorities are interested in small local companies that improve the economic situation in a single city: providing them with various benefits and subsidies makes it possible to increase the competitiveness of products and the investment attractiveness of the region.

In Russia, this form of assistance is less common: local self-government bodies usually do not have the budget necessary to implement such measures. Nevertheless, domestic entrepreneurs can take advantage of an alternative option - the SME development assistance program being implemented at the federal level, which includes many ways of both financial and infrastructural support for newly created businesses.

Who can count on help?

Studying the state policy towards private entrepreneurs, it can be noted that the current programs of financial and non-material support are focused mainly on representatives of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out whether a particular company falls into this category, it is necessary to take into account average headcount employees and annual turnover:

Enterprise Format

Thus, only the specified business entities can apply for state aid from the state in 2018, provided that they meet some additional requirements:

• Term of existence - no more than two years;
• The SME entity is registered with the tax service;
• The company has no debts on tax and fund deductions.

Funds are distributed unevenly among applicants: in order to increase the likelihood of success in attracting third-party funding, an entrepreneur must work in one of the priority areas today:

• Production of essential goods;
• Ecological tourism services;
• Various directions of folk art;
• Agro-industrial sector;
• Department of Housing and Utilities;
• Social entrepreneurship;
• Scientific and technical sphere.

Where can you get help?

Many institutions and organizations have the authority to resolve issues of providing assistance to entrepreneurs. Each of them operates in a designated area and has its own budget:

1. City Administration. In the department of economic development, you can get information about all types of federal and local programs of financial support for small businesses in 2018;
2. Entrepreneurship Support Funds. Conduct an examination of projects submitted by entrepreneurs and, based on the results obtained, allocate funds for financing small enterprises;
3. Chambers of Commerce and Industry. Provide free advice on marketing, finance, legal support and certification, as well as help to participate in various federal and international exhibitions;
4. Business incubators. Provide infrastructure support to start-up entrepreneurs, provide space and equipment for doing business;
5. Venture funds. The most promising startups are identified and grants are allocated to support small businesses in 2018. The priority for the funds are scientific and technical and innovative projects.

Types of programs

State support programs for entrepreneurial activity in 2018 are implemented at different administrative levels. In accordance with the scale and volume of funding, they can be classified as:

Federal programs:

• Designed for implementation nationwide;
• Characterized by large amounts of financial support for small businesses in 2018;
• Operate funds mainly for large-scale projects;
• Implementing a development strategy for already operating enterprises.

Regional programs:

• Operate within the boundaries of administrative regions;
• Operate with the budget of a particular region or region;
• Designed for the development of regional infrastructure.

Local Programs:

• Implemented for city or district entrepreneurs;
• Have a relatively small amount of funding;
• Solve local economic problems.

Direct Financial Assistance

When subsidizing, funds under the 2018 Small Business Support Program are issued to the entrepreneur free of charge. In other cases, we are talking about concessional loans and loans provided for a long period at a reduced interest rate. However, any form of financing has a specified purpose and is accompanied by documentary reporting in the prescribed form. So, money can be spent on:

• Renting premises or land;
• Purchase of fixed assets;
• Purchase of raw materials and Supplies;
• Purchase production equipment.

Grants

This type financing is available not only for businessmen starting to register their first enterprise, but also for those who are engaged in commercial activities no more than two years. Competitions among entrepreneurs and distribution of grants are carried out by:

1. Department for Entrepreneurship Development;
2. Department of Economic Development;
3. Local governments;
4. SME support funds;
5. Unions of Entrepreneurs.

Local authorities at the beginning of each year clarify the list of priority activities: this information can be found on the website of the entrepreneurship support center. Most often, scientific developments (30% of the total amount of funding), projects with high social significance (30%), production and the agro-industrial sector (20%), and trade (12%) are preferred. In accordance with the law, grants cannot be received by enterprises that produce excisable goods, work with real estate or investments, extract minerals or carry out gaming activities.

Of course, the amount of funding depends on the budget of the region. So, in Moscow, Samara or Perm, an entrepreneur can count on 500,000 rubles, while in other regions the grant is limited to 300,000 rubles. It is assumed that these funds will be used to cover 30-50% of the total project budget. The businessman will have to find the rest of the money on his own.

In order to confirm the validity of your claims for a grant, you must use documents to prove that the company belongs to the SME category in terms of the number of jobs and the amount of annual turnover.

In addition, the entrepreneur must:

• Provide documentary evidence of the absence of other financial assistance;
• Present the Certificate of Registration, founding documents, business plan;
• Confirm the availability of own funds with a bank statement;
• Request a positive credit report from the National Bureau.

Concessional lending

Concessional lending is one of the possible ways out for those who cannot count on other ways of financial support from the state to small businesses in 2018. As with the allocation of grants, the likelihood of obtaining a loan with a minimum interest rate is higher for those who work in priority areas for the state. These include innovation, the production of essential goods, knowledge-intensive industries, and agriculture.

For lending questions, contact not only state institutions and funds, but also directly to banks or credit communities: many of them develop own products for entrepreneurs. Target spending of money is checked in any case - it can be:

• Financing the acquisition of fixed assets, production equipment for the implementation of new projects;
• Reimbursement of current expenses associated with the project (up to 30% of the loan amount);
• Replenishment of working capital.

The loan is provided in the form of a one-time payment, revolving or non-revolving line in the amount of 50 million to a billion rubles. The term of the contract can be any, but the preferential program is valid for a maximum of three years. Also, to participate in it, an entrepreneur must invest his own funds in the project in the amount of:

• 20% for loans in the amount of 500 million rubles;
• 20% for loans, the repayment of which is expected from the profit received as a result of the launch of the funded project;
• Without restrictions - for other investment projects.

Interest rates for using a loan are set for small enterprises at the level of 11–11.8% per annum, for medium ones - from 10% per annum.

microloans

In some cases, entrepreneurs do not need large-scale financing in the amount of tens of millions of rubles to implement projects. An alternative for those wishing to receive from 100,000 to 3,000,000 rubles can be another form of support for small businesses in 2018 - the provision of microloans. To qualify for this assistance, a business must operate in one of the following industries:

• Agro-industrial production;
• Construction;
• Commodity production and processing of products;
• Innovative and scientific activity;
• Services sector.

The loan is issued for a period of three months to three years at a rate of 10% per annum. The intended purpose of such funding involves:

• Replenishment inventory and working capital;
• Lease or purchase of commercial real estate;
• Repair of real estate objects;
• Rent or purchase of commercial vehicles;
• Purchase of machine tools and technological lines;
• Purchase of raw materials and supplies;
• Refinancing of previously issued loans.

The financial institution may require the entrepreneur to secure the loan with collateral. With an amount of up to 300,000 rubles, either movable and immovable property, or a guarantee is used as such. For lending volumes exceeding the specified limit, these types of guarantees are used together.

Indirect financial assistance

There is nothing surprising in the fact that entrepreneurs are primarily interested in the question of whether. However, the state allocates much more funds for the implementation of other types of support: this circumstance makes us think about a more careful study of alternative types of assistance to SMEs.

tax holidays

The first two years of operation of a small business can be considered the most difficult - at this stage, the company's expenses significantly exceed income. Therefore, the state SME support program provides for special tax incentives for small businesses in 2018:

• For individual entrepreneurs using the simplified tax system - the possibility of reducing the rate from 6% to 1%;
• For individual entrepreneurs using PSN - a decrease in the amount of potential income from 1,000,000 rubles to 500,000 rubles per year;
• For individual entrepreneurs using UTII - the possibility of reducing the rate from 15% to 7.5%.

Start-up entrepreneurs can receive benefits in 2018 without restrictions, as the law extends the duration of the program through 2020, inclusive. Additionally, the rules for the application of tax holidays are established:

• The reduction of the rate is allowed only for enterprises registered for the first time. Existing individual entrepreneurs cannot receive such a benefit;
• To apply a special tax rate, an enterprise must switch to UTII, STS or PSN no later than two years after registration;
• The benefit can be assigned for a period not exceeding two years;
• Tax holidays in 2018 are provided to entrepreneurs working in the social, industrial or scientific fields. At the same time, the share of the company's income from these types of activities must exceed 70% of the total profit.

Compensation rates on loans

It is difficult to find any type of entrepreneurial activity that does not require periodic lending. Turning to banks, company owners, in the absence of an alternative, are most often forced to accept not the most profitable offer. At first glance, it seems that it is impossible to correct the situation, however, there is a way out here too: the corresponding program state support small business in Russia 2018 allows to reduce the credit burden to a certain extent.

Of course, reimbursement of the body of the loan is still the main task of the entrepreneur. But it is possible to partially compensate for the interest rate for using the loan at the expense of the state. Assistance is provided in the scope of:

• 1/3 of the refinancing rate set for 2018 (7.75%) for contracts with a term of less than two years;
• 1/2 of the refinancing rate for loans issued for a period of 2 to 3 years;
• 2/3 of the refinancing rate for loans issued for a period of more than three years.

The purpose of lending is also important in this case: the funds should be directed to the acquisition of fixed assets, the purchase of equipment, raw materials and materials, the expansion and reconstruction of production. The assessment of the expediency of allocating assistance is carried out on the basis of the data on the social and economic benefits of the project given in the business plan. Social criteria include:

• Creation of additional jobs;
• Increase wages employees.

Equally important are the economic criteria for the effectiveness of the project:

• Growth in financing for the purchase of fixed assets;
• Increase in the scope of work;
• Quantitative increase in the volume of goods produced.

Loan guarantee

Banks in an attempt to improve their financial indicators and reduce risks are regularly tightening requirements for borrowers from among SMEs. For this reason, the number of company owners who managed to get around all the bureaucratic obstacles and get the desired funding is constantly decreasing.

Meanwhile, entrepreneurs can use an effective way to solve the problem - the state program to support small businesses in 2018 in the field of providing loan guarantees. Today, it is being implemented by entrepreneurship assistance funds financed from the federal or regional budgets.

Their priority areas are:

• Production of products;
• Folk crafts;
• Scientific developments, innovations;
• Construction;
• Social business;
• Housing and communal services;
• Transport services;
• Communication and telecommunications;
• Domestic tourism.

Businessmen working in these industries are provided with the maximum guarantee, which allows them to receive up to 70% of the required security; accordingly, the entrepreneur must find the remaining 30% on his own. For non-priority industries, guarantees are somewhat less - within 50%. In addition, the service is paid: for its provision, the fund charges 0.75–1.25% of the guarantee amount.

In any case, a loan is issued by a bank participating in the state program, therefore, the borrower must first of all meet the requirements of the financial institution chosen for cooperation. As for guarantee funds, their conditions are somewhat more loyal:

• Before applying to the fund, the enterprise must operate for at least six months;
• The entrepreneur should not have debts for taxes and payments to the FIU;
• The applicant must provide a security deposit of 30-50% of the loan amount.

Compensation of lease payments

As an alternative to rent, leasing has become not only a very popular way of obtaining equipment among entrepreneurs, but also a separate effective tool in the list of programs to support small and medium-sized businesses in 2018. In fact, company owners are offered a mechanism for partial subsidization of lease payments: to receive such assistance, an entrepreneur must contact the regional representative office of the Ministry of Economic Development. Reimbursement is made on a shared basis with certain restrictions:

• Partial compensation of the first installment under the concluded leasing agreement in the amount of up to 50%. However, the amount of compensation should not exceed 500,000 rubles;
• Partial compensation of regular lease payments up to 2/3 of the refinancing rate. The total amount of the subsidy should not exceed 5 million rubles.

Support can be received by business entities that have concluded agreements for the leasing of production equipment, machine tools, production lines, freight and light-duty Vehicle and cars. The subsidy is not available:

• Companies purchasing equipment for trading activities;
• Enterprises forced to pay penalties under the contract;
• Entrepreneurs who have not demonstrated the proper level of social efficiency and have not created one job for every million rubles of compensation;
• Companies operating in the areas of lending and insurance, audit, financial management of depositors, gambling and sweepstakes, real estate and trade.

Help for farmers

State support for small businesses in Russia 2018 includes a separate program to assist entrepreneurs working in the country's priority agro-industrial sector. Novice farmers are compensated up to 90% of the total documented amount of expenses for:

1. Purchase of agricultural land;
2. Construction of a house and home improvement;
3. Design production shops and warehouses;
4. Purchase and repair of production shops and warehouses;
5. Construction of access roads to production facilities;
6. Connecting workshops and warehouses to engineering networks;
7. Purchase of agricultural and cargo machinery, production equipment;
8. Purchase of planting material;
9. Purchase of fertilizers and herbicides.

Subsidies can be received farming only once - in the first six months of the enterprise. The maximum amount of financing reaches 1.5 million rubles: the funds transferred in 2018 must be disbursed within 18 months.

Assistance for entrepreneurs who create family businesses looks somewhat different. livestock farms: in this case, the grant amount increases to 3 million rubles, however, the applicant must provide evidence of his own funds in the amount of at least 40% of the total project cost. You need to spend money within 24 months for predetermined purposes:

• Farm design;
• Construction and equipment of the farm;
• Construction and equipment of workshops for product processing;
• Purchase and installation of farm equipment;
• Purchase of farm animals.

State Commission in without fail conducts a competition among applicants. The training of farmers is assessed according to the following criteria:

• Higher education, work experience in the agro-industrial sector or running your own subsidiary farm for 10 years;
• Quality business plan;
• Own funds in the amount of 40% of the declared cost of the project;
• Contracts concluded with consumers of products;
• Successful entrepreneurial activity for 6 months.

In 2018, there will be changes in the mechanism for issuing grants for farmers. It is expected that the state will transfer money to the enterprise's account not in one payment, but in stages, as the previous parts are mastered.

Other types of assistance

In addition to direct or indirect financial state support for small businesses, in 2018, other types of assistance are also available to entrepreneurs, which involve the creation of more comfortable conditions for doing business.

Rental of municipal property

Federal and local governments often have real estate that is underused or not used at all. The developers of the SME assistance program considered it expedient to lease such municipal facilities to start-up entrepreneurs on a preferential basis.

Business owners can receive similar property support when concluding a lease for a period of more than five years. Basic rates are determined based on the opinion of independent appraisers, formed in accordance with the situation on the real estate market. This data is then used to calculate the preferential rate for the first three years of the lease:

• During the first year, the tariff is 40% of the rent;
• During the second year - 60%;
• During the third year - 80%;
• For the fourth and subsequent years, the entrepreneur pays the full rate.

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Compensation for participation in exhibitions

Even entrepreneurs who have information about existing business support programs often do not know about this type of assistance. In fact, the SPM subject can post factum compensate up to half of the total costs associated with exhibition activities, provided that the amount of the subsidy does not exceed 150 thousand rubles a year. Reimbursable expenses include:

• Rent of space, installation of stands, creation of exhibition infrastructure;
• Transportation of exhibits to the place of demonstration and back;
• Organization of negotiations, presentations, printing of promotional materials;
• Translation services.

To receive compensation, you must submit to the local Business Support Center an application, an agreement with the organizers of the exhibition, a copy of the document on payment for participation in the event, as well as an act of work performed.

Tuition reimbursement

Many newly created enterprises face the problem of insufficient qualification of employees. Expenses for their training in various trainings, seminars and courses at first can be an undesirable burden on the business. Meanwhile, in this case, there is a program of reimbursement of expenses: you just need to submit to the appropriate authorities evidence of training in the form of paid bills, diplomas or contracts concluded with training centers. Subsidies are subject to 50% of the costs in the amount of not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.

Of course, such a relatively small compensation large enterprise is unlikely to be considered as a serious motivation. However, it should be remembered that almost all companies are forced to regularly send their lawyers and accountants to various seminars, and therefore a partial reimbursement of tuition fees can be considered an incentive bonus for growing small businesses.

In 2007, a law was adopted, which is aimed at developing and raising the level of entrepreneurship at the regional level. Since then, the state has regularly taken various kinds of decisions and taken measures aimed at supporting small and medium-sized businesses in Russia.

State support for small businesses in 2019 consists in the adoption of programs and the implementation of activities local authorities authorities in accordance with federal state programs.

In our today's material, we will consider the forms and methods of state support for small and medium-sized businesses in our country.

Types and forms of state support in 2019

It should be noted that the majority of entrepreneurs do not benefit from state assistance. This is largely due to the fact that many individual entrepreneurs are simply not aware of state support for business.

Full information about all existing programs of state support for small businesses is contained on the official websites of departments and organizations, administrations and municipal bodies responsible for this area.

Small business support programs in 2019 are expressed as:

1. Subsidy.
2. Grants.
3. Free training (or training at a minimum cost).
4. Internships (workshops).
5. Obtaining leasing on preferential terms.
6. Participation in business incubators.
7. Provision of free or preferential legal, accounting services (on the terms of outsourcing).
8. Redemption (lease) of premises and production sites owned by municipalities.
9. Reimbursement of expenses (or discounts) for participation in promotional events, as well as in fairs and exhibitions.

Small business support tools can be both direct and indirect. Indirect instruments, for example, include: tax holidays initiated by local authorities and the creation of business incubators.

It should be noted that support for small businesses is provided by both commercial and non-profit organizations acting as partners of the state. It is these organizations that bind representatives business structures and the state. Typically, government partners in supporting small businesses are:

• investment and venture funds;
• public organizations;
• business schools;
• banks and others.

To participate in the state small business support program, you should carefully study which small business support programs are operating in a particular region of the Russian Federation in 2019. In addition, in each municipality carry out activities aimed at helping individual entrepreneurs.

State programs to support small businesses in 2019 in the regions of the Russian Federation

To date, in some regions of the Russian Federation, small business development programs have already been adopted, which are designed for a long period. These programs regulate the conditions of functional, as well as material support for small businesses.

Among the subjects of the Russian Federation that adopted small business support programs in 2019 are the following:

• Astrakhan region;
• Altai region;
• Vladimir region;
• Kirov region;
• Krasnodar region;
• Moscow region;
• the city of Sevastopol.

In the context of programs approved in the regions, activities have been identified that will contribute to an innovative approach to the development and management of small businesses. In the course of the implementation of small business support programs, there is a redistribution of budgetary funds between regions for the implementation of local programs.

Support for small and medium-sized businesses is aimed at developing start-up small businesses and entrepreneurs who are engaged in Agriculture, industry and production.

State programs to support small businesses in the Moscow region

Under the program for the development of small businesses in the Moscow region, conditions will be created for the operation of small businesses. Among the main goals of the program are the creation of new jobs, improving the qualifications of personnel and developing the infrastructure of small businesses in the whole region.

State programs to support small businesses in the Astrakhan region

In the Astrakhan region, programs similar to those in the Moscow region are being implemented. They include, among other things:

• promotion of entrepreneurial activity;
• creating conditions for fair competition among entrepreneurs;
• improvement of the investment climate.

Thus, support for small businesses in 2019 is aimed not only at developing the level of small businesses, but also at creating high-quality conditions for the development of the Russian economy as a whole. It is planned to increase the influx of entrepreneurs into small businesses.

For example, in 2017, within the framework of the subprogram "Development of small and medium-sized businesses" of the state program "Economic development and innovative economy", 17 billion rubles were allocated to support business in the regions. In addition, there are many other activities to assist representatives of the small business sector.

Subsidies and one-time assistance for entrepreneurs

The most popular types of state support for entrepreneurs are subsidies and one-time assistance.

If you have registered an individual entrepreneur for at least two years, or you are the founder of an LLC that is less than two years old, you can count on a state subsidy. It should be noted that each region of the Russian Federation has its own requirements for obtaining a subsidy. In this case, there are a number of prerequisites for fulfillment:

• the expenditure of the subsidy must be targeted;
• spending must be documented;
• at the end of the reporting period, it is imperative to present acts, invoices and checks to the control authorities.

It should be borne in mind that misappropriation of the subsidy or the inability to confirm the use of funds will lead to the need to return the allocated money to the budget.

If you are planning to open a turnkey business, then you should not count on a subsidy from the state. The point is that Mr. small business support programs in 2018 are implemented in the form of co-financing, and in any case, an individual entrepreneur will have to invest part of his own money.

Funding for starting a small business can also be obtained from federal service employment. This is provided for within public service to promote self-employment of citizens who have received the status of unemployed.

When planning to receive one-time assistance from the Employment Center (EC) in your region, you should pay attention to some important points. First of all, you need to register with the EC as unemployed and prove that all the employment options offered by the center do not suit you.

Refusals from offered vacancies must be justified. You will need to come to the curator and fulfill all the requirements of the service.

If after a certain period of time you were not hired, then you can proceed to the next stage by making a statement that you are ready to open own enterprise small business.

You may be offered free courses. In addition, you will need to compose detailed business plan. If it is approved, then you can register an individual entrepreneur or become the founder of an LLC.

After registering an individual entrepreneur, you will need to provide documents that confirm the status individual entrepreneur to the Employment Center and conclude an agreement on receiving a one-time financial assistance (for running a small business).

Do not forget that reporting is very important for the employment service. The most important thing is to correctly draw up documents for the expenditure of funds, and there will be no claims against you.

Capital authorities Russian Federation develop measures to stimulate the business activity of the population. Support for small businesses in Moscow is a systematic activity of government agencies, carried out at the legislative and executive levels.

Consider the options for budget assistance that capital businessmen can count on in 2018.

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Goals and forms of work

Interaction with business structures of the authorities is carried out through specially created Funds. These enterprises accumulate the initiatives of market participants, create tools and new forms of cooperation between the state and entrepreneurs.

The policy priorities of the Moscow authorities are:

1. assistance in attracting young people to business activities;
2. support for market entities working with foreign counterparties;
3. providing conditions for improving the professional and educational level of entrepreneurs;
4. allocation of funding to companies involved in the development of infrastructure and civil society.

For example, the Moscow Interregional Marketing Center organizes the promotion of capital goods in the regions. There is an enterprise whose task is to create a unified information environment for businessmen.

In addition to other forms of support, subsidies are provided for small businesses in Moscow. This form of cooperation is the attraction of budgetary funds for the development of small business.

These structures see their goals as:

• combining the efforts of businessmen to increase the level of interaction with the state;
• improving working conditions for entrepreneurs;
• development of proposals for improving legislation;
• support for start-up businesses.

For information: the company can get help not only from the authorities. The centers actively cooperate with private investors, accumulating their proposals.

Support types

Several funds operate in the capital of the Russian Federation. They offer customers and partners a variety of useful services..

The table shows their features

Reference: there is a center in every district of the city.

Assistance in getting a loan

This type of support is provided by the IB Lending Assistance Fund. Its essence lies in the receipt by the borrower of state guarantees. Terms of provision:

• work with a partner bank;
• impeccable credit history and business reputation;
• registration in Moscow or the region.

Attention: The Fund guarantees up to 50% of the loan. The bank independently applies for a guarantee.

Rent at preferential prices

In order to reduce the cost of doing business, start-up entrepreneurs are provided with discounts for renting space in buildings owned by the state(to the municipality). The price is five to six times lower than the market price. However, in order to receive a preference, the following conditions must be met:

• register as a person on the small business list;
• engage in educational or medical projects.

Attention: the subsidy is not issued to applicants who violate the deadlines for making tax and other obligatory payments.

Subsidizing

Center "MB Moscow" allocates free funds to legal entities and individual entrepreneurs. The conditions are:

• no more than two years have passed since the start of the activity;
• no more than 250 hired workers work in production;
• annual revenue does not exceed 1 billion rubles;
• the share of foreign owners does not exceed 25%.

To receive money, you must send an application to the structure, accompanying it with the necessary documentation. The subsidy is targeted. You will have to account for the use of the funds.

Reference: the amount of assistance does not exceed 500 thousand rubles.

The above organization issues targeted subsidies for participation in exhibitions. Their size reaches 300 thousand rubles. The selection criteria for participants are the same as listed above. But there are exceptions. This type of assistance cannot be received by a structure engaged in the following activities:

• trade in excisable goods;
• mediation;
• agency work.

Watch a video about supporting small and medium businesses

It's no secret that the presence of a well-developed small and medium business provides a number of undeniable advantages for the country's economy. This is the creation of new jobs and self-employment of the population. In addition, it is an increase in taxes and an increase in gross domestic product. The development of small business is an improvement in the quality of life of the population of the country, because small enterprises can most quickly adapt to changes in the requirements of the modern market. It is for this purpose that the government has developed programs for small businesses. It is much easier to open a business with state support, however, not all young entrepreneurs are familiar with the intricacies of obtaining it.

Small Business Development Program in Russia

The strategy for the socio-economic development of Russia until 2020 states that assistance to medium and small businesses is one of the main elements of the state's economic policy. According to experts, such measures should promote the development of healthy competition and give citizens the opportunity to improve their financial situation. Apart from already existing forms subsidies in the new concept, qualitatively new types of state support for small businesses are adopted, aimed at stimulating the growth in the number of business entities, as well as changing their sectoral structure. Among the new goals of the state development strategy, one can see the following:

• reduction of bureaucratic red tape when registering a business and its development;
• simplification of the taxation system for small businesses;
• reduction in the number of products subject to certification;
• improving the efficiency of state regulation in the field of licensing;
• the possibility of using various sources of funding.

Regional Business Support Program

Along with the state, there are also regional measures of state support for small and medium-sized businesses. Such assistance, in particular, can be expressed in the creation of business incubators, venture and guarantee funds, as well as in additional stimulation of enterprises whose activities are export-oriented. In addition, the regions are also adopting comprehensive programs to stimulate entrepreneurial activity, under which funds are allocated for:

• development of leasing purchase of equipment;
• support for enterprises engaged in innovative activities;
• creation of industrial and technoparks;
• improving the energy efficiency of enterprises;
• development and support of startups;
• creation of various guarantee funds;
• introduction of advanced training programs for young entrepreneurs, assistance in starting a business.

Conditions for granting subsidies

All forms of state support for small businesses are one-time state aid, which should be used to implement a specific task within the framework of the enterprise. It will not be necessary to return such assistance in the future, however, the state will control the targeted spending of funds.

In order to receive financial support from the state, an enterprise must meet several criteria:

• be officially registered as an individual entrepreneur or LLC (information must be contained in the state register);
• have a properly drawn up business plan, which indicates specific areas for spending subsidized funds;
• the owner of the enterprise must be a citizen of Russia, and if equity participation a resident of the Russian Federation must own at least 51% of the total authorized capital.

Apply for state subsidy enterprises operating in the field cannot:

• insurance;
• provision of banking or other credit services;
• release and sale of excisable goods;
• gambling business;
• mining;
• securities market.

Who can apply

In addition to the conditions listed above, state support for small businesses provides for compliance with some more conditions for receiving subsidies for development:

• at the time of filing the documents, the company must be registered less than 2 years ago;
• the total number of employees cannot exceed 250 people;
• with a share participation, the share of state and municipal partners in the authorized capital cannot exceed 25%;
• complete absence of tax debt is mandatory;
• income for the previous 12 months cannot exceed 1 billion rubles.

If a business entity meets all of the above criteria and wishes to receive a subsidy, it must submit an application to a regional institution for supporting small and medium-sized businesses before October 1 of the current year.

What will the money be given

In addition to the fact that state support for small and medium-sized businesses, as we have already found out, can not be provided to all enterprises, it will also not work to spend it in any way. There are certain parameters for this. So, you can spend the subsidy:

• for the purchase, modernization and repair of fixed assets;
• to hire new employees or improve the working conditions of existing ones;
• to purchase, update and install licensed software;
• for rent for the use of industrial and office premises;
• to invest in raw materials and supplies.

If you are just thinking about starting your own business, and have not yet decided on the direction, then you should know that the priorities for allocating state subsidies are:

• housing and communal services, transport services and construction;
• any production (except for excisable goods);
• public service sector;
• youth support and development programs;
• innovative developments;
• development of the social sphere - sports, culture, education;
• the revival of crafts and the original culture of the peoples.

If you nevertheless decide to engage in trade, then state support for the development of small businesses, most likely, “does not shine” for you, although, of course, it is worth trying. To increase your chances, try to target your products to socially unprotected segments of the population - low-income families, the disabled, pensioners, and so on. Highlight the work with these categories in a separate line in your business plan.

How to get a grant

So, how to get government support for small businesses? There are two ways - it all depends on what kind of help you want to receive: to open a new business or to develop an existing young enterprise. In the first case, you have a direct road to the employment center, and in the second case, you need to contact the investment department. Before applying, you need to carefully study the procedure for submitting documents and stock up on all the necessary papers.

Employment Center

State support for small businesses for a beginner begins with registration with the employment service and obtaining the status of unemployed. It is best to contact this institution in advance and get comprehensive advice on preparation required documents, as well as the amount and procedure for payment of compensation due. However, you can skip this step and prepare the documents yourself. You will need originals and copies of:

• passports;
• work book (if available);
• diploma;
• income statements if you were previously officially employed;
• certificates of marriage or its dissolution, if there was a change of surname.

Having prepared everything you need, go to registration. Immediately notify the inspector of your intention to receive a subsidy for opening an IP. This will help not to waste time looking for suitable vacancies, but go straight to the development of a business plan, which will later have to be defended before the commission. Based on the results of the protection of the BP, a decision will be made to allocate a subsidy in the amount of 58,800 rubles, to compensate for the costs of registering an individual entrepreneur, or to refuse state support. If the latter happened and you were refused, do not be discouraged, the number of attempts is not limited by law. Just write another business plan and go through the process again.

Department

If your business is already running, you should consider getting some money to grow it. State support for small businesses in this case is carried out by the investment department. To take advantage of the subsidy, the regional office needs to prepare:

• certificate of registration of a legal entity or FLP;
• copies of statutory documents;
• a certificate from the employment center on the completion of entrepreneurship training;
• certificates of the absence of debts on taxes and fees from the Social Insurance Fund, the tax service and other organizations;
• a certificate stating that the company is not at the stage of liquidation;
• a document stating that more than 6 months have passed since the registration of the enterprise;
• a document confirming that no criminal or administrative proceedings have been opened against this organization;
• passport (original and copy);
• the original and a copy of the power of attorney, if the documents are not submitted by the owner;
• business plan;
• application for a grant;
• bank statement on opening a current account.

Provision procedure

After the entire package of documents is collected, it is submitted to the executive committee. It is best to do this in person, through the office or with the help of an employment service curator.

Consideration and adoption of documents must be completed within seven days, after which a decision will be made. If you are denied, we go through the whole procedure from the beginning. If the commission makes a positive decision, your business plan is transferred to the next instance, where it is also considered and approved.

The law establishes that the meeting of the commissions takes place as business plans are received and accumulated, so obtaining a subsidy can be quite delayed. Usually, the date of the next meeting of the commission is indicated on the official website of the investment department.

As you can see, state support for small businesses is not an easy and rather troublesome business, but it is still worth doing it - if you have a high-quality business plan, the chances of getting money for development are quite high.

The number of start-up businessmen is steadily increasing every year. An increase in their number has a positive effect on economic indicators country as a whole and satisfies the ever-growing needs of the population.

State financial support contributes to the emergence of new small and medium-sized businesses. The authorities of a particular region are trying to introduce methods of assistance: various benefits, subsidies, and material payments. How to get such support? Let's figure it out.

Which entrepreneurs can count on help from the state?

The state mainly provides financial support to owners of small and medium-sized businesses. To find out if your company belongs to this category, you should pay attention to the number of employees and the amount of annual turnover. The following formats of enterprises can count on money from the state:

• start-up business(up to 15 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 120 million rubles);
• small business(up to 100 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 800 million rubles);
• medium business(up to 250 people in the state with an annual turnover of up to 2 billion rubles).

To qualify for assistance, companies must meet the following requirements:

• duration of existence from the moment of opening - no more than 2 years;
• the company is registered with the tax service;
• SME is not a tax debtor.

Important: the chances of financing are much higher for businessmen who have social benefits, as well as own a social or export-oriented business.

Remember that the state provides support to entrepreneurs whose field of activity is among the priorities. To apply for gratuitous assistance, a businessman must work in one of the following areas:

• Manufacture of consumer goods.
• Popular directions of folk art.
• Offers of rural and ecological tourism.
• Housing and communal services.
• Agro-industrial department.
• The sphere of science and technology, as well as innovation.

How to get government assistance for small business development in 2019?

The main advantage of receiving such a subsidy is that it is free of charge and does not need to be returned through certain time. The state benefits from this, as a new small enterprise appears on the economic map, providing jobs for citizens, and competition increases from already existing companies which improves quality and stabilizes prices.

But along with the conclusion of a subsidy agreement, the entrepreneur agrees to fulfill certain obligations. The main one is to provide detailed reporting.

Within 3 months from receipt financial resources from the state, a businessman is obliged to submit a report with documents on the use of the subsidy to the Employment Center. Trademarks or fiscal receipts, receipts, paid payment orders and other documents. The financial report must be consistent with the paragraph of the business plan, which indicates the purpose of obtaining capital.

Important: if the business person cannot provide confirmation, he is obliged to return the subsidiary funds to the state in full.

Also, the terms of the drawn up agreement suggest that the activity of the financed small enterprise should last at least one year from the date of opening. This excludes the possibility of cooperation with one-day firms.

Help can be obtained from many instances and organizations that have the necessary powers. Here is some of them:

• City administration. The Department of Economic Development provides information on the types of financial support for small businesses.
• Chamber of Commerce and Industry. This institution provides assistance in consulting on business, marketing, legal law, it helps to take part in exhibitions.
• Entrepreneurship Support Fund. Based on the results of the mandatory assessment of the submitted project, the organization allocates finance for the activities of a small enterprise.
• Business incubator. This organization is engaged in infrastructural support of the ideas of entrepreneurs at all stages of development, starting from the moment of opening.
• Venture fund. Focuses mainly on innovative projects, then invests money in their activities.
• Employment center.

Interesting: if your business project is socially or economically beneficial for the state, you can receive not only money for its implementation, but also free education, the right to take part in exhibitions, etc.

After contacting the above authorities, you will receive a list of required documents. Here are the papers included in this list:

1. Passport and TIN of the entrepreneur.
2. Insurance certificate (SNILS).
3. A certificate from the accounting department of the last place of official employment, which indicates salary information for three months before the completion of work.
4. Education document.
5. Application of a program participant for receiving financial support from the state (according to a specially approved form).
6. Ready business plan.

Money from the Job Center

The most common way for entrepreneurs to get help is to apply to the Employment Center. How is this procedure carried out?

The first step is to register with the Employment Center and obtain the status of unemployed. This is a prerequisite, since the state allocation of funds is due only to those entrepreneurs who are registered as unemployed citizens. To do this, you need to have the following documents with you:

• passport of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• work book;
• marital status document;
• education document.

Then you need to write a business plan with a detailed description of the project, target distribution of funds and an indication of its payback period. The third step is to register a business as an individual entrepreneur.

The package of documents is reviewed regional commission within 60 days. If a positive decision is made between the applicant and the Employment Center, an agreement will be concluded, and the funds will be transferred to the recipient's account. The commission may decide to reimburse only certain costs, such as the registration and opening of a small business. If the applicant receives a rejection notice, they may try again.

Grants for new businessmen

This type of allocation of funds from the state involves helping novice businessmen to open a business and those who are engaged in entrepreneurial activity no more than two years. The following organizations have the authority to distribute grants:

• Department of Economic Development.
• Funds for supporting small and medium-sized businesses.
• Unions created by entrepreneurs.

A prerequisite for obtaining a grant is the activity of a small enterprise in one of the priority sectors indicated above.

According to state law, companies that produce wine and vodka products, tobacco products, luxury goods, work with real estate or engage in gambling activities do not receive payments.

Remember that the allocated money is directed to cover 30 to 50% total cost project. The businessman should look for the remaining finances for the development of the business on his own. Don't be afraid to invest, it can be.

The entrepreneur must provide the following documents:

• Documents confirming the absence of other sources of financial support.
• Certificate of registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC and a business plan.
• An extract from the bank on the amount of own finances.
• Certificate of positive credit history.

Then the Sectoral Commission decides on the provision of funds. Maximum size the cash grant is 500 thousand rubles (in Moscow and the region - up to 5 million rubles).

The state prioritizes the unemployed, young entrepreneurs, former military personnel, families with young children, etc.

Subsidy program

State plans for subsidizing small enterprises are implemented at different administrative levels. Therefore, they can be systematized according to the scale and amount of allocated funds:

1. Federal programs. They are implemented throughout the country, and they are also characterized by a large amount of allocated money for financial support for the opening and development of SMEs. A distinctive feature is that such programs work mainly with large-scale business projects, whose owners are already engaged in commercial activities.
2. Regional programs. They work in the territories of administrative regions and dispose of the regional or district budget. The purpose of such programs is to develop the infrastructure of the whole region.
3. Local programs. The scale of implementation is work with city or district entrepreneurs. Subsidies are limited to small amounts of funding.

The amount of assistance received, the form of its provision, as well as the list of necessary documents for processing an application depend on the features of the state program. The larger the scale of the program, the higher the competition and the more stringent selection rules. The small business owner should take this into account.

Concessional lending

Categories of small and medium-sized commercial entrepreneurs who are unable to receive material support from the state can apply for concessional loans. Many banks provide such loans on simplified terms. As mentioned, the probability of opening a loan with a favorable interest rate is higher for those who are engaged in priority activities for the state.

Advice: for all your questions regarding assistance, you can contact banking institutions or credit communities directly, as they also have lending programs for business start-ups.

The applicant receives a loan as a one-time cash payment in the amount of 50 million to 1 billion rubles. After the conclusion of the contract, the preferential program is valid for 3 years. A prerequisite is also investments and investments in the project of the businessman's own funds. Their number is determined as follows:

• 20% if the loan amount is more than 500 million rubles or if the repayment of the loan is planned from the future income expected after the start of the business project.
• There are no restrictions if funds are allocated for other investment plans.

The interest rate for use varies depending on the format of the enterprise. This is 10% per annum for medium-sized enterprises and 11-11.8% for small ones.

What can government money be used for?

As mentioned above, the granting process is a donation of funds that promote the opening and favorable development of a business. Concessional lending and other assistance programs also have simplified terms and reduced interest rates. At the same time, the use of financial support from the state is accompanied by documentary reports to confirm the intended purpose. The allocated money can be spent on the following:

• Payment for the lease of a place or plot of land (no more than 20% of the principal amount is allocated to cover these costs).
• Replenishment of working capital.
• Workplace equipment.
• Acquisition of equipment for production (purchased machines cannot be sold or exchanged for three years).
• Purchase of consumables (the same rules apply - no more than 20% of the funds received).
• Renovation and refurbishment work.
• Intangible assets.

The entrepreneur draws up an annual report, which indicates exactly what the received subsidiary income was spent on. Also, certificates and receipts must be submitted to the control authorities.

Intangible Small Business Support Options

In our time, the state is ready to help novice businessmen of small and medium-sized enterprises not only by increasing capital. There are several other forms of support:

1. Free education opportunity. Why in the first years of activity, many entrepreneurs, faced with problems, leave the business? They simply do not have the necessary knowledge about the conduct of their business. Such educational skills (such as how to lead) help in development, but are expensive, so not everyone can get them. The state provides start-up businessmen with the opportunity to study courses for free, as well as attend various seminars and lectures. The applicant is obliged to submit relevant documents to the necessary authorities: paid bills, certificates of training or concluded contracts. The payment will cover half of the expenses, but not more than 40 thousand rubles a year.
2. Rent reduction. Another support option is discounts on the cost of renting premises where offices or production are directly located. Remember that you can get such a discount only if the building is municipal property and the lease agreement is concluded for a period of more than 5 years. Every year, the preferential rate increases (from 40 to 80% of the rent), and for the next period, the entrepreneur pays the full rate. A prerequisite is a competitive selection to determine a worthy candidate. The winner is allocated extra help to pay for communications.
3. Compensation for participation in exhibitions. For promotion and further development, small business owners can take advantage of subsidies to participate in national or international exhibitions. Based on the results of the selection, the state can help pay for the costs of registration, rental of a place, transportation of exhibits, accommodation, organization and translation services. If the state aid amount does not exceed 150 thousand per year, you can pay up to half of the costs. Mandatory conditions for receiving compensation for small businesses: an application, an agreement with the organizers and a report on the work performed.

Summing up

The advantage of financial support programs is the possibility of increasing capital small companies. Since the state is interested in the development of small enterprises, the likelihood of receiving financial assistance is constantly growing. This is a good chance to start.

On the other hand, the conclusion of an agreement with the relevant government bodies obliges entrepreneurs to submit detailed reports and monitor the intended use of funds. Therefore, every businessman should study the features of existing support programs and the requirements for them. Then he will be able to use the assistance as efficiently as possible and fulfill his obligations.