The hotel business is one of the most profitable. The most popular hotel services are in popular tourist centers (resorts, historical sites, etc.). To hotel business brought profit, you need to properly plan it, produce it necessary calculations and define your niche. Depending on regional characteristics and your own budget, you can open a large hotel complex built from scratch, or open a small hotel with several rooms. Further, we will focus on the second option. We will consider the preparation of a business plan for a hotel using the example of opening such an institution in St. Petersburg. In the article, we will consider how to open a hotel from scratch and analyze an example of a business plan with calculations.
It is necessary to start drawing up a business plan with a definition target audience for which the hotel opens. Focusing on potential clients, you can present the general concept of the project, marketing strategy, establishment design, etc. To do this, you need to determine which representatives social group, age and occupation will subsequently become visitors to the hotel.
The project under consideration involves the opening small hotel with 12 rooms belonging to the moderate price category. The main advantages of the new facility will be to ensure maximum comfort and safety, flexible price policy and provision of additional services. Estimated payback period is 2.5 years. In the future, it is possible to expand the business with an increase in the number of rooms.
Advantages and disadvantages of the hotel business
For legal registration businesses must register with tax office at the place of residence. Consider the advantages of the form of ownership in the table below.
| Form of business organization | Benefits of using | Documents for registration |
| IP ( individual entrepreneur) | This form is used to create a small mini-hotel, with a population of service personnel 5-10 people. |
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| OOO ( limited liability company) | This form is used to create a large hotel, hire employees, scale the network and attract external funding(credits). |
In law authorized capital LLC cannot be less than 10,000 rubles! |
OKVED codes when registering a hotel:
55.10 - Activities of hotels.
55.11 - Activities of hotels with restaurants.
55.12 - Activities of hotels without restaurants.
55.2 - Activities of other places of temporary residence.
55.23.3 - Renting out furnished rooms for temporary residence.
These codes do not include the rental of housing and premises for rent. long term. For this case, the OKVED code 70.20.1 is used.
Master Class. How to open a successful hotel?
Drawing up a business plan for a hotel
Market Analysis
Consider the main market trends hotel services:
- The increase in the business activity of the population is a decisive factor in the increase in demand for hotel services.
- There is a significant shortage of services in the markets of Moscow and St. Petersburg.
- In the middle and budget segment of hotels (2 and 3 stars), there is an even greater shortage of quality services.
- At present, the authorities of most cities are interested in the development of tourism and the construction of new hotels.
Now hotel services in St. Petersburg are provided by almost 30 large complexes and medium-sized hotels, as well as more than 50 small hotels. Because the different groups institutions operate in different price categories, they are not direct competitors. Mini-hotels have to compete, first of all, with the owners of apartments rented by the day. And in order to be successful, you need to carefully consider the concept of the business, pay special attention to the quality of the services provided and conduct a good advertising campaign. As for the distribution of the St. Petersburg market now, experts allocate almost two thirds of it to large hotels, a little more than a quarter to medium and small ones, and 10% to apartments for rent.
The target audience
Direct work on a business plan begins with the definition of the target audience. At this stage, we choose who will be the potential guest of our hotel. The target group of the new hotel includes business people who arrived to solve their work issues, as well as tourists who want to get acquainted with the sights of the city.
List of services provided
In addition to the actual provision of rooms for accommodation, the mini-hotel can provide a number of additional services, including transport services, catering, ticket booking, etc.
The organizational part of the business plan of the hotel
Since the project under consideration has a rather limited budget, the construction of a new building is not suitable. 4 communal apartments located on the first two floors of the house will be converted into a hotel. The design will be made in the Art Nouveau style, which best meets the preferences of representatives of the above-mentioned target group. All premises will be designed in the same style, which should also dominate the advertising campaign.
Art Nouveau design for a mini hotel. Photos from arxip.com
The opening of a new hotel requires the preliminary implementation of a number of organizational measures:
- purchase of real estate;
- conversion of residential property to non-residential, since the current legislation allows you to open a hotel only in such a fund;
- receiving required permits in the sanitary and epidemiological station and fire inspection;
- conversion of apartments into hotel rooms;
- decoration of rooms in the chosen style;
- selection of employees;
- advertising placement.
Choosing a building for a hotel
The choice of the location of the building for the hotel must be approached very selectively, since in this business the location determines more than half of the success. The hotel building must meet the following conditions:
- be close to train stations and airports;
- have your own parking with convenient entrances;
- be close to shops and facilities Catering(the latter is relevant, since a mini-hotel usually does not provide a kitchen);
- use of floors not higher than the second;
- not have the status of a historical monument, since such a structure is unlikely to be allowed to be reconstructed.
Recruitment
The success of the entire business largely depends on the right employees. It is the high quality of service that will help attract a large number of customers and, most importantly, make them regular customers. The mini-hotel will need the following employees:
- the manager who carries out the general management of the institution;
- an administrator who resolves all issues directly with clients (booking, check-in, settlements, etc.);
- a maid who cleans all rooms;
- security guard;
- a technical worker who ensures the normal functioning of all life support systems.
Required staff to open a hotel
Advertising campaign
To attract the largest number of customers, you will need to use various kinds advertising:
- creating your own website;
- advertising in travel publications;
- advertising banners near railway stations;
- flexible system of discounts.
Financial part
| Expenses
The business plan of the hotel should contain the calculation of financial costs. All of them can be divided into initial and monthly. Initial ones include:
Thus, the total amount of initial costs will be about 15 million rubles. Monthly expenses include:
The total monthly costs will amount to 280 thousand rubles. |
Income
On the other hand, it is necessary to calculate the expected income. To do this, it is important to know the average occupancy of rooms and seasonal price fluctuations. If we take the average price per night in a single room in the amount of 3,000 rubles, then the monthly revenue can be about 800 thousand rubles. lucky advertising campaign can increase this amount by another 20-30%. Thus, net of monthly expenses, the revenue for the year will be about 5-6 million rubles. This will make it possible to recoup such a project in 2.5-3 years. |
Principles for improving the quality of hotel business services
One of the key features of the hotel business is the quality of services provided. The income of the hotel directly depends on hospitality. Consider the basic principles that will improve the quality of services provided:
- feedback from employees. Important to track feedback from hotel employees and customers to operational management service. It is direct communication with customers that allows you to quickly identify possible ways to change the service.
- setting standards and evaluations in service. It is important to clearly define the standards in the service and tools for assessing the quality of services. The introduction of performance appraisal is necessary to create a system of motivation for hotel employees.
- introduction of a marketing approach to hotel management. The marketing approach in managing an organization ensures constant monitoring of key factors in its activities. With it, you can find narrow and inefficient services and processes.
Evaluation of the attractiveness of a business by a magazine site
| Business Profitability |   (4 out of 5) |
Business Attractiveness
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| Project payback | (3 out of 5) |
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| Ease of starting a business | (2 out of 5)
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| The hotel business is a complex, but at the same time profitable business. As with most offline businesses, location is one of the key success factors. The second success factor is hospitality and quality of services, since it is through this that you can make repeat sales and create a loyal customer base. The main share of the opening costs is the rental of premises for a hotel. It is on the choice of premises that you need to pay maximum attention. Due to the high demand for economical housing, the payback of the project is high. For start-up entrepreneurs a good option start through a franchise, where all business processes will already be described and key indicators business. | ||
Encyclopedic reference: hotel - a building or part of it, equipped with rooms - furnished rooms - for temporary residence. Depending on the category, hotels provide Additional services: security, cleaning, restaurant.
This article will be of interest to those who have decided to try their hand at the hotel business and are thinking about how to open their own hotel. We hope our tips will help you avoid common mistakes and lay a solid foundation for a successful business.
Step by step to success in the hospitality business
Step one: select format
Studies of the modern market of hotel services have shown that 60% of guests prefer to stay in large hotels, and 40% choose mini-hotels or "home" hotels. If you are taking your first steps in this business, consider opening a small hotel with 10-30 rooms in non-residential stock (a separate building) or a small apartment-type hotel (10-15 rooms-apartments in a housing stock).
In any of these cases, your competitive advantages will become more affordable than in large hotels, prices and homeliness, which is appreciated by many travelers and most business travelers.
By the way, in the category of mini-hotels you can open an elite Hotel - with exclusive decoration of rooms, exquisite design and personal approach to service. In terms of services, many of these hotels can be compared with luxurious 5-star hotels, but they are unlikely to receive an official “multi-star” rank - the requirements of GOSTs are too intricate.
step two: we form the material base
The answer to questions about how much it costs to open your hotel and how to make a stable profit depends on the right choice of premises. The most economical option is to rent or buy out a communal apartment (several apartments or a whole entrance) in a beautiful house located in a picturesque (prestigious) area of the city. Infrastructure is extremely important - proximity public transport, shopping centers, restaurants, cafes. For official registration, a purchased or rented apartment should be transferred to a non-residential fund.
Another tangible item of expenditure is the redevelopment and reconstruction of premises. It is hardly possible to do without this, since any hotel must meet the strict requirements of the sanitary and epidemiological station and the fire department.
The interior is an important component of the success of your hotel and a significant expense. Even if you do not strive for luxury and exclusivity, you should not save on cleanliness and comfort - the better the materials and finishes, the lower the cost of cosmetic repairs.
As for equipment, in addition to furniture and interior items, you will need Appliances, safes, telephones, if necessary - a reception desk and a reception area.
Step Three: preparing a legal framework
Despite the fact that the hotel business is not subject to licensing, it will take you a lot of time to obtain numerous approvals and permits. The water utility, fire control, energy control, city administration, Rospotrebnadzor, Department of Architecture and other authorities will have to pass an inspection for compliance with GOSTs and standards.
If desired, you can go through additional certification and classification of the Federal Tourism Agency to confirm the "star" of your hotel.
Where to get money?
Before considering whether a hotel is profitable, evaluate the required initial investment. Experts classify the hotel business as a type entrepreneurial activity with a high entry threshold - from several hundred thousand to millions of dollars. If you are looking for investors or lenders, keep in mind that a small hotel has a payback period of 5-8 years.
Underwater rocks
One of the main difficulties is the formation of the image and the creation of a client base. On the initial stage agreements with travel agencies will help you with this, which will provide recommendations and client flow, but will ask for big discounts.
Another important point- selection of personnel. A mistake in choosing an administrator or maids can cost a good name and reputation.
Summing up
Opening your own hotel is an expensive undertaking, the implementation of which will require a lot of time and effort. A quick and low-budget start will not work. This type of business is suitable for those who are ready to wait for a stable profit for several years and sincerely love their job.
How to open a hotel business? The aspiring entrepreneur decided to open a small hotel or inn. Where to begin? How profitable is this business? How to choose best option type of enterprise, choose a location, what documents will be needed to open, how to obtain a license for such an activity? Read the answers to all these and many other questions in our article.
The regulations and approvals required to open a small hotel are an impressive list. Some procedures, such as removing the premises from the housing stock, can take up to a year.
In order to legally open your hotel from scratch, you will need the following required documents:
- Documents confirming the ownership of real estate;
- Registration certificate legal entity or IP;
- Certificate of registration with the Federal Tax Service;
- Permission for redevelopment or construction;
- Documentary confirmation of compliance with safety standards, such as sanitary, fire, environmental and technical safety;
- Contracts for the provision of services with counterparties: these can be private security companies, accounting and legal services, cleaning, waste disposal, food delivery, utilities and others;
- Documents confirming registration cash register in the Federal Tax Service;
- Permission to .
Also, depending on the desire of the entrepreneur, the following are drawn up optional documents:
1. Certificate of conformity: needed if you want to officially confirm the "star" status. The requirements necessary for the assignment of stars can be found in the Federal Law No. 25, dated 01/25/2011;
2. Licenses for the right to trade in alcoholic products, food products, for the organization of public catering enterprises. Licensing is also required for hairdressing and dry cleaning services.
You do not need a license to open a hotel business!
Despite the mass of necessary documents for the legal implementation of the hotel business in the territory of the Russian Federation, special licensing of guest houses, motels and hostels, etc. is not provided, and anyone can open such a business.
Hotel business in Russia
Any novice entrepreneur who plans to open a private hotel in the Russian Federation, first of all, should get acquainted with the saturation of the hotel market. It doesn’t matter what kind of hotel you are planning to open: for 10, 20, 50, 100 rooms, first of all, you need to study the demand for this species service.
Today least in new enterprises hotel type such cities as Yekaterinburg, Moscow, St. Petersburg and Kazan are in need. According to experts, this information may change over the next 5-10 years. This is due to the growth of cities and, as a result, the growth in demand for quality accommodation.
The most promising and promising for this direction are Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk and Krasnodar. The reason for this is the high rate of development of business activity in these cities, which entails an increasing influx of business travelers, creating suitable conditions for opening a private hotel here.
Types of inns and hotels
The hospitality business involves many different types of businesses. They differ in such characteristics as location, number of rooms, target audience, interior features. We will talk about options for creating such a business by small organizations or individual entrepreneurs and consider the main types of small hotels:
- Mini Hotel;
- Small hotel;
- Mini-hotels of resort type in Russia: Sochi, Crimea;
- Roadside hotel;
- Mini-hotel in a private house;
- Hostel.
Let's take a closer look at each of these options and highlight the main differences.
How to open a mini-hotel
A mini-hotel differs primarily in the number of rooms, which should be no more than 50 places for temporary accommodation. Each of them should preferably have its own bathroom. Let's find out how to start a business and come to a stable income.
Choosing a place for a mini-hotel
To open a small hotel, the first step is to decide on the choice of location. Business will flourish if the location of the hotel is convenient for settling in and living. We will consider an option in which an entrepreneur, wanting to open a mini-hotel in a residential building, buys apartments for further redevelopment into rooms. We will talk about how to build a profitable hotel on your own and how much it will cost in a separate chapter of this article.
When opening a hotel from scratch, it is advisable to choose the central area of the city, from where it will not be difficult for guests to get to any point using public transport.
If the city has a metro, then walking distance from it will play into your hands. Pay attention to the location of the building relative to airports and train stations - this factor also often helps guests make a decision when choosing a suitable place for temporary accommodation. Many entrepreneurs prefer communal apartments or dormitories, as they hardly need redevelopment.
Should be evaluated availability and quality of shops, cafes, and shopping centers located nearby. The next moment is the building itself. It should be in good condition, the yard and entrance neat and clean - all this will later work for the image of your organization and help develop a profitable business.
Floor selection. Owners of mini-hotels often choose the first floor. This is convenient, given that you can make a separate entrance to the reception,. Guests can easily find you, and local residents will know that the hotel is located here and offer it as an option for their friends and relatives who come to visit from other cities.
Opening a mini-hotel step by step
How to open a hotel? Let's figure out what you need to know and what actions to take after the building is selected. It is time to buy apartments or rooms, depending on the type of premises. We take as a basis the purchase of two floors, with a total footage of 300 square meters. To open a hotel in a residential building, it is easiest to make such a purchase in a new or still under construction building, avoiding the resettlement procedure.
Another question that new residential buildings are rarely built in the city center, the situation is much easier with new buildings near metro stations. If you enter into shared construction, you will save money on repairs and redevelopment, but you will have to wait for the commissioning of the construction site. The purchase price of housing, in order to later open a small mini-hotel, will be approximately $340,000.
The following are the stages of paperwork for registration and redevelopment. Acquired premises must be removed from the housing stock. The transfer procedure can be found in Article 23 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation. With the application and all necessary documents, you will need to apply to local authority self-government.
This is a rather lengthy and complicated procedure.. The withdrawal may take a year or more. In each individual case, the removal of premises from the housing stock has a different cost, there is no fixed price.
At the time of filing an application for the withdrawal of apartments from the housing stock, you can submit a redevelopment project to the same body and agree on the details. The hotel project must comply with GOSTs and standards, which are described in detail in clause 11.9 of Decree of the Government of Moscow No. 508, ed. 840, Annex 1, as well as in Art. 288 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Don't forget to notify your local BTI of your activities.
All this will be needed when registering an individual entrepreneur or LLC. Speaking of a small hotel with 50 rooms or less, the owner usually registers his activities as an individual entrepreneur.
When registering, you must specify OKVED codes depending on the characteristics of your business: 55.1 Hotel activities; 55.11 activities of hotels with restaurants; 55.12 activities of hotels with restaurants.
After obtaining permission for redevelopment, the removal of premises from the housing stock, the turn comes to work on repairs - installation work.
If a If your hotel does not provide a bathroom in each room, then the number of bathrooms and toilet rooms must comply with the standards: 1 bathroom for 10 guests.
Making repairs in future hotel, you need to take into account the requirements of fire supervision, sanitary and epidemiological stations, as well as the room must meet safety standards. Without documents confirming the compliance of the premises with the specified standards, the activities of the hotel will not be considered legal.
It is necessary to think over and competently organize power supply, water supply, ventilation and temperature control systems. If the house is new, then replacement of windows is not required. Do not forget about the doors to the rooms and the hotel itself. Redevelopment and redecoration of a mini-hotel with 20 rooms will cost about $20,000 - $30,000.
The next step is the purchase of furniture, appliances, plumbing and everything you need for room service and future guests. The minimum set for each room includes a bed, bedside tables, wardrobe, chair and table. Take into account single, double and triple rooms.
Among other things, additional furniture, equipment and accessories, such as paintings, dressing tables, mirrors, safes will be needed for rooms of the "Lux" and "Junior" classes.
It doesn’t hurt to buy a couple of washing vacuum cleaners, washing machines, clothes dryers and kitchen appliances. Let's not forget about the face of our hotel - reception equipment. total cost equipment costs will be about $15,000 - $20,000.
Necessary little things
Keeping in mind that the cleanliness of even the simplest and most budgetary mini-hotel is the most important component of a positive reputation, it is necessary to purchase cleaning products, detergents, laundry detergents, as well as appropriate accessories. This expense item will also include towels, disposable slippers, bed linen, blankets, pillows, bathrobes and mini-packages of shampoos, shower gels and conditioners.
You can’t do without buying bath mats, in the hallway, shower curtains (if provided by purchased plumbing), and curtains for windows. Crockery, trays, soap dishes and other little things should also not be deprived of your attention. The cost of all this will be about $ 3,000.
Staff for a mini-hotel
After the preparation of premises for temporary accommodation of guests, it is time to hire service personnel. Given the provision of such services as breakfasts in our hotel, we will need:
- Director - salary $ 800 / month;
- Administrators, 2 people - salary of $ 400 / month. each, total - $ 800 per month;
- Cook - salary 600 dollars. per month;
- Maid, 4 people - salary of $ 300 / month; each, total - $ 600 / month.
Don't forget about contract with a private security company - $ 175 / month, and accounting services– 300$/month
After all the stages of preparation are completed, you can finally open a mini-hotel for guests.
How to open your own small hotel
A small hotel differs from a mini-hotel mainly in terms of rooms. If it includes up to 50 rooms, then a small hotel is a hotel business with up to 100 rooms.
Accordingly, the cost of purchasing premises, repair and installation work, furniture and equipment, as well as the work of maintenance personnel will increase in proportion to the number of rooms by which the number of rooms will be increased.
Mini-hotels of resort type in Russia
Hotels in Russian resort cities are very popular among Russians and not only.
The hotel business on the Black Sea is gaining momentum and for good reason: the profitability of such an enterprise will not be long in coming. The features of such a business are, first of all, in the target audience for which the place for temporary residence is designed.
If you decide to open a mini-hotel on the sea, then it will be necessary to equip your hotel with a swimming pool, a bar and a grill area. For vacationers with children, the presence of a playground, high chairs, cots for babies and a trampoline will help to give preference to you.
If you are focusing on business guests, then these amenities are not required, but the rooms must be equipped with desks and lamps for work, and it is also necessary to include such a service as Wi-Fi.
How to open a mini-hotel in Crimea
Today, every year there are more and more vacationers in Crimea, especially among our compatriots. This is due to the lack of need to issue a passport and visa. In this regard, the city is developing, infrastructure is growing, new shops, cafes and shopping centers are being built.
Hotel business in Crimea is gaining momentum, tourism is booming, and holidays here are considered a relatively budget option. Last year, more than 4 million guests visited Crimea from January to August. Summer here lasts about 5 months. Such numbers promise stable demand for small hotel business owners, which means quick profits.
Choosing a location for your future business will not be difficult if you know exactly what you want to get as a result and how much money you are ready to invest. The most popular among the guests of the Crimea are the cities of Yalta, Evpatoria and Feodosia.
The most well-groomed, including sandy beaches are located there, infrastructure and services are better developed. Prices for everything here are significantly higher, including hotel rooms.
Competition in these cities is high, hotels are presented in a variety of options, real estate prices are also an order of magnitude higher than, for example, in Sevastopol and Simferopol.
So, for example, in Yalta, a plot of 15 acres overlooking the sea, will cost an average of $ 265,000 - $ 270,000. The construction of a small hotel with a total area of 170 sq.m will cost around $52,000. A similar plot in Sevastopol, also by the sea, costs $88,000 - $93,000.
Construction of a small hotel within the same 170 sq.m. — $52,000. Simferopol is not recommended as an option for creating a resort hotel, since this city does not have access to the sea, but it is well suited for those who flew to Crimea for work. The cost of real estate here is about the same as in Sevastopol.
If we talk about buying ready-made premises for restructuring into a mini-hotel, then the prices also differ by 2-3 times. There are also options for ready-made hotels. For example, a hotel with an area of 230 sq.m. on the seashore in Yalta, with furniture and everything you need, costs $450,000. A small hotel in Sevastopol, with an area of 200 sq.m. with a pool, furniture and everything you need, can cost $ 160,000. It should be noted that there are many offers on the real estate market for the sale of unfinished hotels with a finished layout and a laid foundation.
If you decide to opt for small town Crimea, which is less popular with tourists, pay attention to the nearby beaches. Often the beaches in such cities are not ennobled and are not suitable for a good rest. This circumstance can leave a negative impression and affect the reputation of the hotel in the future.
How to open a mini-hotel in Sochi
For recreation in Russia, the city is a resort on Black Sea coast The Krasnodar Territory is no less popular than the Crimea, but it should be remembered: the beaches here are mostly pebbly, and the season suitable for recreation lasts less than three months. All these circumstances only prolong the payback period of a small hotel in a given resort town.
Ready-made hotel in Sochi, 180 sq.m. will cost around $250,000, depending on the condition of the hotel and its location relative to the sea. Land for construction, area. 15 sq.m., not far from the sea, will cost about $100,000.
Choosing an area in the resort area- central or outskirts, remember that tourists often choose the center with a view, and those who come to the city for work, in order to save money, prefer rooms on the outskirts of the city.
How to open a roadside inn
A roadside hotel, also known as a motel (motor hotel), is designed for truckers and tourists traveling "savages", that is, on their own by car, without a ticket. The demand for motels is impressive, the competition in this area of business is extremely small, and in some regions of Russia it is completely absent. At right choice places, the profitability of such an enterprise will be guaranteed.
The choice of a place comes down to an analysis of the congestion and length of those Russian highways that unite large cities. To open a motel, the distance between large settlements should be at least 4,000 - 5,000 km. The trucker's journey in this case will be about 3 days, which means that he cannot do without an overnight stay.
Located on the highway, the motel will be a great option for a hearty dinner and a good night's sleep.
If the cost of a night in such a motel is acceptable, and the rooms are clean - your company will enjoy enviable popularity.
When building a roadside hotel, special attention should be paid to the parking lot. If the parking is fenced and with a security post, then this will attract even more customers to you. A separate entrance to the room, parking windows for the comfort of guests and the opportunity to have a quick bite to eat - this is the secret of a successful motel. The rooms should have a minimum of everything you need, this meets the needs of guests and makes temporary accommodation more affordable.
How much does it cost to open a small motel?
There are 2 options: buying an already finished object, or building from scratch. Depending on the region, buying a small hotel will cost from $30,000 to $53,000.
The construction of a new motel (300 square meters) is more expensive - about $60,000 -80,000.
Plus, for repairs, the purchase of furniture, plumbing and everything you need, you will need an average of $ 16,000. Speaking of profit, such a hotel with 20-25 rooms will bring up to $9,000 per month.
Mini-hotel in a private house
Usually, such hotels have 6 - 8 rooms, the owners of the house live in a separate private room or in a small house on the site. As a rule, such hotels do without the involvement of additional staff and business owners do their own cleaning, breakfast preparation and laundry. This option is very popular among budget tourists in the resort cities of Russia, since, as a rule, they are located near the sea, and the rooms are attracted by very low prices.
Guest houses are distinguished by comfort, home-cooked food and the absence of a large number of guests. If the rooms are well equipped, and the owners provide everything necessary for living, then such a hotel brings its owners a good income.
The disadvantage of such an enterprise is seasonality. Cities - resorts in Russia cannot boast of a swimming season all year round, which means that guests in a private mini - hotel will appear only a few warm months a year.
How to open a hostel
Things to consider before you start. The hostel has a slightly different target audience. The hostel consists of several large rooms with beds, usually bunk beds. Shared bathroom, kitchen and lack of personal space makes a bed in a hostel cheap, and therefore attractive for students and those who prefer saving on accommodation over additional amenities.
The discovery of such hotel company differs from the opening of a mini-hotel already at the stage of choosing a room for a hostel. The future business owner is looking for premises with a larger area, does not aim to equip bathrooms in every room. Often, for these purposes, options for non-residential premises are considered.
Speaking of bathrooms, then hostels should have at least 1 toilet and 1 shower for 15 people. If there are many guests, then it is advisable to separate the bathrooms for women and men.
When creating a hostel layout project, a separate room is allocated for a bedroom, according to standards, at least 4 meters per single-tier or bunk bed. One room for the kitchen, and one room with a TV, books and sofas. The rest room and the kitchen are often combined into one, in order to save space and budget.
In general, the difference between a hostel and a mini-hotel, in addition to planning, is significantly lower in the cost of furniture and appliances, but the cost of one bed is 2-3 times cheaper compared to a room in a full-fledged hotel.
How much does it cost to build a hotel yourself
The answer to the question of how much it costs to open a hotel or mini-hotel depends on the following factors:
- Location. In the city or outside the city? In the resort area or is it a business in the capital? In a developed metropolis or in a small but developing city? All this significantly affects the cost of land and construction of the facility;
- Room fund;
- Type of hotel business: Hotel, hostel, motel, mini-hotel, guest house, etc.
- Star level of the future object;
- The presence or absence of a bar, swimming pool, gym, elevator, SPA and other comfort elements.
Answering the question of how much money it will take to invest in order to open a small hotel, let's take as a basis a hotel enterprise with 12 rooms, a total area of 300 sq.m., without subsequent assignment of stars, which will be located, for example, in Novosibirsk. The cost of building a turnkey hotel will be the following figures:
- Purchase of a plot in the Oktyabrsky district of Novosibirsk, closer to the central district, 9 acres - $ 70,000;
- Design and coordination of the project of the construction object with the authorities local government – 4 000$;
- Purchase building material – 20 500$;
- Construction and installation works, laying of communications + finishing - $ 20,000;
In total, to build your own small hotel you need$115,000. This is the cost, taking into account the fact that we use materials of the middle price segment (+ skilled workers). If you use the most inexpensive materials, then a small turnkey hotel for $ 55,000.
Hotel business plan, profitability
Calculate how much you need to invest and the final profitability of the hotel. For example, let's take the figures from the previous chapter on the cost of building a mini-hotel in Novosibirsk and make calculations: how much does it cost to open a hotel or mini-hotel. To calculate taxes, let's take the simplified tax system income minus expenses for individual entrepreneurs.
Investments:
- Finished hotel building - $115,000;
- Purchase of necessary furniture, textiles, plumbing and equipment - $ 90,000;
- Site design, fencing, parking, LED sign - $ 8,700;
- – 800$.
In total, opening your own business will cost: $220,000.
Monthly costs:
— Wage employees + outsourcing services - $ 3500;
Purchase Supplies – 200$;
— Utilities – 300$.
Total: $4000/month
Profit:
We will calculate the profit based on the constant occupancy of the number of rooms in 80%
The average cost of living is $ 30 / day.
Total total profit will be $9,000/month, and net 5000 dollars.
Return on hotel business:
According to calculations, excluding income tax, it will pay for itself in 2.5 years. Net profit hotel will be $ 5000 / month. Income tax for this period will be about $ 29,500, which will extend the payback period by another 5 months. Also, during this period, from time to time it will be required to repair and replace elements of furniture and equipment, which will entail the need to invest in the business all new funds. Summarizing, it can be concluded that successful business in the field of hotel service will pay off in an average of 2-3 years.
The hotel business has many pitfalls and subtleties. Here is what experienced hotel owners in Russia advise:
It requires considerable investments, and its payback period will be at least 3 years. Despite this, owning a hotel will be a profitable investment, as it will provide you stable income for many, many years.
Now, due to the law on mandatory classification, when some mini-hotels will inevitably close, creating or buying a business in the hotel industry is a good time. With proper attention to advertising and building a good reputation, the period of the 2018 FIFA World Cup will make a good return on investment.
Among the entire hotel business, the mini-hotel format is the most optimal for both entrepreneurs and city guests. Their average payback takes 6-8 years with proper business management.
Mini-hotel as a business: what is their special charm and what you need to consider when opening, we will consider in our article.
Mini-hotel is
As the name suggests, this is a small hotel. Technically, a mini-hotel is a means of accommodation with up to fifty rooms. The rooms of mini-hotels in most cases are designed for one or two people with the possibility of extra bed. Bathrooms can be located both in each room and in the corridor for several rooms. The greatest demand is for three-star mini-hotels designed for the middle class.
“In life” mini-hotels, as a rule, consist of five to ten rooms. To maximize the target audience, entrepreneurs offer both suites and economy class rooms. In many mini-hotels catering is organized, guests are offered breakfast, which is included in the price.
In general, a mini-hotel is an intermediate link between a hotel and a hostel. It offers high-quality service and quality rooms, while the “mini” format is a guarantee of silence and even some comfort.
A mini-hotel in the conditions of Moscow can become profitable business, later growing into its own network. Below we will look at how to open a mini-hotel: premises, papers, laws and prohibitions - all thorny path towards profit.
How to organize a mini-hotel: location and choice of premises
The popularity of the mini-hotel is influenced by its location: proximity to the city center, metro stations and busy roads. The location will also tell the target audience. Basically, the format of quiet, medium-priced mini-hotels is suitable for traveling couples, applicants with parents and business travelers. Accordingly, it makes sense to locate mini-hotels in the historical part of the city, not far from large educational institutions, business centers and industries.
The first option, which we will immediately abandon, is the purchase of land and the construction of a separate building. Why not? Firstly, the search for the necessary empty space in Moscow is a protracted matter. Secondly, the registration of ownership of the land, the plan of the future building, the conduct of communications and their design is the path of greatest resistance.
The best option for a mini-hotel would be to rent or buy several apartments, a communal apartment or part of a former hostel, located on the ground floor of the building. An important condition is the mandatory transfer of real estate to non-residential stock and the provision of a future mini-hotel with a separate entrance. The hostel and communal apartment, due to the initial design, will require less redevelopment costs. All design changes must be agreed with BTI.
The search for premises is now complicated by a bill seriously considered to ban mini-hotels in residential buildings. Therefore, we advise you to carefully read it, so that if it comes into force, you do not have to transfer or close the business.
Classification and registration of a mini-hotel by law
The option of creating a “gray” business in the light of new laws on the classification of hotels and other accommodation facilities, please consider invalid. Therefore, you will have to go through the registration of a legal business. So, what documents are needed to open a mini-hotel?
The step-by-step registration of a mini-hotel looks like this:
- Registration of IP and tax registration. For this business will do simplified taxation system.
- A cash register is registered with the tax office.
- Documents for the property located in the non-residential fund or a lease agreement are provided.
- Then passing inspections of sanitary, fire, technical safety. The result of the checks is the permission of Rospotrebnadzor to place a mini-hotel in this room.
- Conclusion of contracts with organizations working on outsourcing (garbage disposal, Maintenance, collection, laundry services).
- If implementation is planned alcoholic products, which will be a good source of additional income, you need to obtain an appropriate license.
Cherry on the tart - passing the mandatory classification and entering the mini-hotel in the register of the Ministry of Culture.
Issue price
The most demanded, as we have already said, are three-star mini-hotels. However, even in the case of a luxury mini-hotel, it is worth remembering the high competition in the market. Especially among similar establishments located in the center of Moscow. Therefore, when setting prices for services, you should familiarize yourself with the price list of competitors.
The optimal balance for a new business without a client base is reduced prices with a high level of service. If an entrepreneur decides to buy a mini-hotel in Moscow, then there is an opportunity, thanks to a recognizable name and an established client base, to increase the cost of living.
Also, when opening a mini-hotel, it is necessary to take into account such a factor as the seasonality of the business. High season lasts from May to October, low - from November to April. To attract tourists in the low season, it makes sense to develop a system of discounts and bonuses.
The organization of additional sources of income is an important part of business planning. Possible options- almost unlimited number. Some of them: opening a bar at a mini-hotel, organizing excursions, cooperating with taxi and food delivery services.
Catering and staff recruitment
The format of the hotel involves meals included in the cost of living, mini-hotels are quite free with this item. Basically, guests are offered breakfast, as entrepreneurs themselves report, organizing lunches and dinners does not pay off. Often, breakfast is ordered at a nearby restaurant, or is made up of products that do not require complex preparation. The maintenance of a full-fledged kitchen and a cook is unjustified.
For effective work mini-hotel enough a few administrators and maids. Mini-hotel suggests high level service, for which, first of all, the staff is responsible. This must be taken into account when hiring employees and organizing their work.
The hotel business is developing rapidly and rapidly today, and one of the main reasons for this is its high demand. High economic activity, the development of tourism lead to the fact that in most cities - both large and small - there is a growing demand for places to accommodate guests. This is especially true of inexpensive hotel rooms and rooms of the middle category. If you are thinking about how to open a hotel, most likely, we are talking about a private mini-hotel: it is this that can be organized at the lowest cost, and it will pay off relatively quickly. Travelers usually prefer just such establishments: of course, there are no huge conference rooms or a dozen restaurants for every taste, but these places usually differ in low prices and almost home comfort.
Which hotel to open
The mini-hotel format is optimal if you are just entering the hotel business. However, you should know that even a small hotel will definitely require considerable investments, and you need to be prepared that it will not pay off right away. And one of the first tasks that a future entrepreneur will have to solve is attracting investors. But before you think about financing the enterprise, you need to decide what kind of hotel you want to open.
Small hotels are those with no more than 50 rooms. These include:
- apartment-type hotels (about 10 rooms not removed from the housing stock);
- mini-hotels for 10–20 rooms
- small hotels located in separate buildings, their number of rooms can be up to 50 rooms.
Depending on the level of services provided by the hotel, its price category is also selected. It could be:
- low budget student hostel,
- small economy class hotel,
- comfortable business hotel,
- apart-hotel (it can be either mid-level or luxury).
Another option for organizing a hotel is the so-called "apartment". This type of activity has recently been very popular among entrepreneurs, and therefore it is worth dwelling on it in more detail. Such a business is among the "gray" - not formalized properly. This is done as follows: several neighboring apartments are bought in the same building, minimal repairs are made (rarely - redevelopment), apartments are furnished, and all that remains is to find customers for daily rent (usually using ads on the Internet or in local newspapers). It would seem that opening a private hotel in this case is very easy.
But here, too, difficulties arise, for example, neighbors may be indignant at the fact that there is a “passage courtyard” in the adjacent territory, and, having escaped to another city, tourists and business travelers often do not want to behave decorously and nobly, but on the contrary, they prefer noisily and with relax on a grand scale, which again causes dissatisfaction with the neighbors, and even complaints to the appropriate authorities, which can turn into trouble for the "underground" businessman.
Doing any business without proper registration is always a risk, illegal business entails not only administrative and tax, but in some cases criminal liability.
In addition, the work of the entrepreneur in this case is not easy: you have to look for guests on your own, enterprises, institutions and organizations are immediately excluded from the number of potential customers (they need supporting documents for reporting), difficulties will arise with the placement of full-fledged advertising, because the hotel officially is not considered, and each client who came to the ad may turn out to be a tax representative.
And although without the cost of official registration, compliance with sanitary standards and paying taxes, such a business may seem profitable, whether these incomes justify the high risks that are inevitable in this case is an open question, and everyone decides on their own.
And yet, speaking of how to open your own hotel, we will consider a business that is conducted on legal grounds. And you need to start it with or, and then move on to solving other important tasks.
Finding a suitable room
One of the most difficult and at the same time the most important questions is where to open a hotel. It is best to find a room in a business or historical part of the city. Infrastructure should be developed here: transport stops, cafes, restaurants, shops. It would be nice if the sights were located nearby. A beautiful view from the window is a plus for the hotel, although, of course, they don’t charge extra for it.
Even if the institution will not occupy the entire building, it is desirable that your hotel has a separate entrance.
One of the reasons for the high cost of this enterprise is that it is desirable to buy the premises. It’s hardly worth renting a building for a hotel: it’s too big investment you will have to do in its interior and equipment, and the unexpected offer of the landlord to terminate the relationship can result in big losses and, of course, the loss of business. An acceptable option is a long-term lease with an option to purchase.
If it is possible to raise significant funds for the project, it is possible to start construction of a separate hotel building, but at the same time, one must be aware that the search and purchase of a suitable site, the preparation of permits, design and construction work may take more than one year.
The best option is to purchase a room for a hotel. It can either be non-residential or represent several apartments (a large communal apartment is also suitable for these purposes). The area must be 300 sq. meters and above. If you buy apartments, they will need to be removed from the housing stock. Be prepared for the fact that this procedure will require costs - both financial and time.
Hotel interior: important details
After choosing and acquiring the premises, it's time to start creating a hotel project, redevelopment and repair. Moreover, the coordination of the project and obtaining permits for redevelopment can take much more time than the actual repair. Reconstruction of the premises and its documentation can be up to half the cost of the property itself.
When the redevelopment is completed and you begin the interior decoration of the hotel, you can already apply for approval to the interested services (sanitary and epidemiological station, fire supervision), as well as conclude contracts with public utilities.
Creating the interior of a hotel is of great importance, although there are no unified rules here and cannot be. The approach to arranging the premises will depend on the concept of the hotel, as well as on its price category. Somewhere business and practical minimalism will be appropriate, somewhere - eternal classics, and someone wants to make rooms with rich decoration - it all depends on the tastes of the owner and on the preferences of the target audience. But the main thing is a comfortable layout and high-quality repairs, the rooms should look clean and tidy, even if they are not luxurious.
Another important point - furniture and plumbing should be High Quality. It’s not worth saving on them too much, such savings can turn into additional costs: flimsy furniture will quickly break down, because it’s no secret that “public” property is rarely treated with care.
Make sure the hotel has its own form style, which is noticeable even in small things. Needless to say, interior design is best entrusted to professional designers.
Mini-hotel staff: how many and what kind?
It is better to be puzzled by the selection of personnel a few months before the planned opening. By the time the work begins, employees must have all Required documents and they themselves - to be trained and ready to get to work.
You need to recruit staff based on what services you plan to provide in the hotel. If, for example, the guests will be provided with food, cooks will be needed. As for the attendants, there is a rule: its total number (administrators, maids, porters) is approximately equal to the number of rooms.
If the hotel is small, employees can combine different positions (administrator - to make reservations, maid - to be responsible for the laundry). This is beneficial both for the owner, who does not have to keep extra staff at work, and for the employees themselves, who can earn more.
An important requirement for hotel staff is knowledge of foreign languages (at least English). It is necessary to organize systematic training and refresher courses.
Services in the hotel: important and secondary
First and foremost, the rooms must be clean. Daily cleaning, timely replacement of linen and towels is a prerequisite for the operation of each hotel. If it is not possible to organize laundry in the hotel itself, you should conclude an agreement with a third-party company providing this type of service.
A breakfast consisting of coffee, tea, and ready-made cookies can be provided by the hotel, even if there is no restaurant or cafe on site. If your own cafe is planned, you need to be prepared for additional costs. To open it you will need:
- equipped room that meets all fire and sanitary requirements;
- all necessary permits and approvals;
- staff: cooks and waiters;
- liquor licenses.
However, your own cafe or restaurant is already a separate business, you will need to attract customers to such an institution from outside, only on the guests of a mini-hotel it will not pay for itself. It is much easier to negotiate with one of the neighboring cafes about the delivery of food to guests in the room or, for example, about discounted breakfasts.
The hotel should be able to provide its visitors with car parking, safe, internet, telephone, and, if necessary, temporary registration.
Another unconditional obligation of the hotel is to ensure the safety of customers. To do this, he must have an agreement with a security company, installed an alarm button. We must not forget about fire safety measures: emergency exit, fire detectors. There will also be a guarded parking lot.
Separately, it is worth taking care of guests with children (baby cots and high chairs will not interfere in the hotel) and disabled visitors (you will need a spacious elevator and ramps).
Hotel advertisement
You need to inform everyone about the opening of the hotel in advance, preferably 2-3 months in advance. Place a banner on the building about the imminent opening, give information to travel agencies, create a hotel website and advertise on the Internet, on specialized resources.
Quality service and reasonable prices will do their job over time - your own client base will appear, and yesterday's guests will recommend the hotel to their friends.
We consider the profitability of the hotel
The fact that a hotel is a costly enterprise has already been said more than once. It's time to calculate how much it costs to open a small hotel. Of course, the calculations will be approximate, in order to get an accurate idea of \u200b\u200bfuture expenses and incomes, you will need to obtain additional information:
- find out how much the service is in demand in your city (its population, the level of infrastructure development, the state of the tourist destination, business and production, what sports or cultural events are held here);
- analyze the market: how many hotels are in your city, what is their advertising and pricing policy, how busy are they and how does seasonality affect this);
- make a preliminary cost estimate: the cost of real estate in the village, as well as prices for construction and other work;
- decide what the concept of your hotel will be: the composition of the number of rooms, the services provided, the level of service and, as a result, the target audience.
As you can see, it is almost impossible to answer the question exactly how much it costs to open a mini-hotel, too many factors will influence this. Investments in a capital hotel can be ten times greater than in a regional one, so the figures below are very approximate.
You can open a mini-hotel with 10-15 rooms in a small regional town by spending about 8-15 million rubles. At the same time, a small hotel in St. Petersburg or Moscow will require about 50 million rubles. And if you decide to build a separate building and purchase a land plot, the cost will increase to 150-200 million rubles.
All expenses for organizing a hotel are divided as follows:
- 50% - for the purchase or construction of premises;
- 25% - for redevelopment, (including project and administrative costs);
- 15% - for interior repairs, interior decoration, purchase of equipment and furniture,
- 10% - other expenses (costs for salaries and staff training, advertising, purchase of consumables).
In a capital city, a hotel will pay for itself in approximately 5–7 years, major city with more than a million people - in 6-8 years. In a small regional town, this can take 9 to 12 years.
The hotel business is not in vain considered profitable, which is why there are more and more new hotels. However, you cannot call it a quick payback, so this is an entrepreneurship for those who stand firmly on their feet, and therefore are not afraid of large investments and large-scale projects. Compiling the same detailed business plan It is better to entrust such a complex and expensive project to specialists.
